Hill and Monticino (1998) introduced a constructive method for generating random probability measures with a prescribed mean or distribution on the mean. The method involves sequentially generating an array of barycenters that uniquely defines a probability measure. This work analyzes statistical properties of the measures generated by sequential barycenter array constructions. Specifically, this work addresses how changing the base measures of the construction affects the statististics of measures generated by the SBA construction. A relationship between statistics associated with a finite level version of the SBA construction and the full construction is developed. Monte Carlo statistical experiments are used to simulate the effect changing base measures has on the statistics associated with the finite level construction.

To this date, experimental searches for exotics (fractionally charged states) have yielded negative results, thus imposing strong limitations on their existence at low energies. In this work we argue that a possible scenario that could explain the experimental data is that such states are simply not present at the low energy limit. This thesis presents the phenomenology of the first string model which does not have any exotic states at the massless level, and where only the top quark Yukawa coupling exists at the tri-linear level superpotential. More specifically we present its spectrum, cubic superpotential and a viable semi-realistic phenomenological scenario which is supported by a specific set of F - and D-fl.at solutions. The discovery of this model is the result of the statististical exploration of a class of heterotic Pati-Salam vacua, out of which we managed to extract three generation exophobic models with the required representations needed to induce spontaneous breaking to the Standard Model. We also exhibit the derivation of the analytic formulae that permitted the exact identification of several properties of a string vacuum, and thus allowed its distinction among supersymmetric vacua that share the same gauge group.

碩士 / 國立臺南藝術大學 / 藝術史與藝術評論研究所 / 97 / This essay is based on the inscriptions with carved time, and matching the corresponding niches with the subjects of studies. Then we analysis the style and form of the statues and niches. Finally, we classify the statues of Longmen grottoes into three periods. At the first period, we mainly focuse on the statues carved in 495~504 AD. The Guyangdong cave is the representative of the large-scale cave. At the second period, we focuse on the statues carved in 505~517 AD. The Binyangzhongdong cave is the representative of the large-scale cave. At the third period we put emphasis on the statues carved in 518~534 AD. The Huangfugongku cave is the representative of the large-scale cave. Then we try to observe and conclude the distinguishing feature of the statues in each period. By the analyzing process, we will know the sequence of how the Longmen style was formed and its influence on the other grottoes or how it was affected by other grottoes. Finally, we try to make a simple statistics out of the above information about the relationship between the numbers of niches and time frame. Moreover, we try to connect the statististic result with history records, like Weisbu or Luoyang qielan ji to look for the possible factors of the construction of Longmen grottoes.

Wearables som teknologi inom träning är ett etablerat koncept och många använder sig av dessa bärbara enheter. Statistik från Världshälsoorganisationen (WHO) visar att 23% av alla vuxna inte är tillräckligt fysiskt aktiva och forskning visar även på att många slutar använda sina wearables. Samtidigt har det gjorts få studier som undersöker dem faktorer som får användarna att acceptera teknologin. Denna studie kommer med utgångspunkt i UTAUT-modellens konstrukt och demografiska variabler, studera svenskatalande användares acceptans av deras wearable i träning. Den data som studien bygger på samlades in genom en surveyundersökning och analyserades med statistiska metoder. Resultatet av den kvantitativa studien påvisade att intentionen till att använda en wearable i träning har störst påverkan på den faktiska användningen. Intentionen påverkas främst av förväntad prestanda. / Wearable fitness technology is a well known concept, with plenty of users. Statististics from the WorldHealthOrganization show that 23% of all adults do not exercise enough. Other studies have shown that many users stop using their wearable devices, as well as the fact that earlier studies have not focused on explaining acceptance and intention to use wearables in fitness. Following study is based on the constructs and moderating variables of the UTAUT-model and implies to investigate wearables acceptance in fitness of swedish speaking people. The data was gathered by a survey and was analysed using statistical methods. We found that Behavioral intention explained Use behaviour, and the intention to use wearable in fitness was mostly affected by Performance Expectancy.

碩士 / 淡江大學 / 國際企業學系 / 83 / This study based on questionaires whose studying period during 1993.12.1 and 1994.12.1 focuses on the individual investor''s attributes including risk taking, opinion leadership, internal and external control, and the investing charterestics including paying attention to the investing skills, sensitive to news and laws, will affect on the investor''s investing behavior and performance. In the meanwhile, this study will also confirm whethere Fishbein''s reasoned action theory holds in the investing behavior on the first category stock, second category stock, full delivery stock and trust fund. 　　The statististic methods used in this study include frequency distribution, Bonferroni T test, chi-square lest, factor analysis, cluster analysis, and LISREL. In the sampling design,this study uses two-step sampling and distinguishes the two kinds of opinion average'' from ''no comment'' to avoid the defects of the long qustionaires. And the studing object focuses on the investors trading over the counter to make the sample group better cognition. 　　Through this study, we find: 　　1.from the chi-square values, good of fit index(GFI), and adjusted good of fit index(AGFI), we can''t find significant differences during the model testing. The results above make the Fishbein theory hold in the investing behavior on the four categories of stock. 　　2.the investors with opnion leadership tendency, risk taking tendency, paying attention to investion skill, sensity to news and laws will ger better return then those who do not have such attributes. But investors with internal or external control do not have significant differences in return. Investors invest on the four categories of stock do not have significant differences in return. 　　3.investors with risk taking tndency may easily influence by their attitudes. Investors with opinion leadership tendency and internal control may easily influence by reference group''s norms. Investors paying attention to investing skill and senstive to news and laws will easily influence by their attitudes and reference group''s norms. 　　4.investors who invest on the first category stock will pay attention to the yield-spread of the stock and cash dividend. Investors who invest on the second category stock will pay attention to the yield-spread of the stock and stock dividend. Investors who invest on the full delivery stock will pay attention to the yield-spread of stock stock and cash dividend. Investors who invest on the trust fund will pay attention to the yield-spread of stock and cash dividend.

This thesis concerns the current ruling party, the AKP (Adalet ve Kalkınma Partisi - Justice and Development Party) in Turkey. Its aim is to examine the emergence and consolidation of the AKP, as well as to determine whether or not this has shaped the evolution of the party system in Turkey. This research draws on a qualitative research approach, through interviews with 36 key informants from political parties, NGOs, grassroots organizations and through gathering data in the literature produced by parties and other statutory and voluntary agencies, as well as through the collection of descriptive statististics related to socio-economic structures, migration, occupational categories, macroeconomic indicators and collections of election surveys. The finding reveal that the AKP did not emerge as an Islamist party, but because of its promises of economic stability and growth, and of further integration into the EU and USA-led global order. The thesis shows that more so than its religious discourse, the AKP’s electoral success was based on the party’s adapting a hybrid, progressive and pro-EU position during its first tenure in government. Second, this research demonstrates how the political conjuncture up to 2002 and long-term economic factors provided favourable circumstances for the AKP’s emergence. The study’s findings also reveal that the consolidation of the AKP is mainly attributable to its economic and social agenda, and the utilization of the public purse and other state resources (e.g. social and health care benefits) as a means of catering for its target constituencies. In addition, they demonstrate that once AKP’s consolidation was completed (2010) the party’s discourse gradually became more conservative and nationalist, giving way to more authoritarian policies. Nonetheless, as long as economic performance and conditions remain unchanged, the AKP continues to appeal to its social base. Consequently, this thesis demonstrates that the gradual drift in Turkish society towards moderate Islamic and traditional values was not the main factor in the AKP’s rise to power. Rather, this shift can be viewed as the feedback effect of the consolidation of the AKP process into societal structures and norms. Hence, this work highlights the AKP’s impact on the structure of the party-system and the role of its policies in transforming Turkish society. Lastly, this study contributes to the foundation upon which further research on Turkish politics and the party system can continue, by exploring the dual effect of the AKP’s ruling tenure: factors leading to the AKP’s emergence and its feedback into Turkish society and politics.

Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-27T17:12:58Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Leticia de Castro Araujo.pdf: 1350079 bytes, checksum: e53936b39991f19e6a9fa7bcc7bd3029 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2007-05-09 / Made available in DSpace on 2016-08-25T17:25:38Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 Leticia de Castro Araujo.pdf.jpg: 2104 bytes, checksum: c4715912a635b5fbde63d2a9b070733f (MD5) Leticia de Castro Araujo.pdf: 1350079 bytes, checksum: e53936b39991f19e6a9fa7bcc7bd3029 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2007-05-09 / Secretaria da Educação do Estado de São Paulo / I summarize starting from 1997 the Statistics teaching was included by the Parameters National Curriculares as one of the blocks of mathematical content to be taught in the initial series of the elementary school. To they analyze the grating curricular of some courses of Pedagogy; some researchers alerted for the scarce time in that the disciplines related to the Statististics are worked. In that way, the teacher s qualification is committed for the appearance of gaps in his formation that they impede him of understanding his role in the construction of that knowledge. However, the teacher needs to face some challenges to help the students in the construction of the knowledge in relation to the Statistics. The tables and graphs, mainly with respect to the extrapolation starting of the tendency of data. Another great challenge concerns the introduction of the concepts as average, modal value, medium, in such a way that these are not restricted to the use of the algorithm to calculate them, but that are to worked with meaning starting from situations that make sense for the students and justify their calculations. The objective of this work is the starting from a test diagnosis, to investigate which are the conceptions and competences of a group of educator relates to the reading and interpretation of tables and graphs. The test was divided in objective and dissertativas, and in the first category we will analyze the teacher s conception regarding the theme, when locating characteristics starting from numeric data in tables and graphs, as well as, if x necessary, to formalize calculations: and in second, the competences, that is, which strategies used by him that you will help him to justify their answers. To we wake into account the results obtained in our research, we conclude that the formation of those teaches raising for experiences shared by the friends which is not linked necessarily to academic banks, but it plays fundamental part in the conception and the teacher s competence on learning and teaching of the Mathematics / A partir de 1997 o Tratamento da Informação foi incluído pelos Parâmetros Curriculares Nacionais como um dos blocos de conteúdo matemático a ser ensinado nas séries iniciais do Ensino Fundamental. Ao analisarem as grades curriculares de alguns cursos de Pedagogia, alguns pesquisadores alertaram para o tempo escasso em que as disciplinas relacionadas à Estatística são trabalhadas. Dessa forma, a qualificação do Professor polivalente ou pedagogo fica comprometida pelo surgimento de lacunas em sua formação que o impedem de compreender o seu papel na construção desse conhecimento. Entretanto, o professor precisa enfrentar alguns desafios para ajudar os alunos na construção do conhecimento em relação à Estatística. O primeiro deles diz respeito à leitura e interpretação de tabelas e gráficos, principalmente no que tange à extrapolação a partir da tendência de dados. Outro grande desafio diz respeito à introdução dos conceitos como média moda e mediana, de tal forma que estes não fiquem restritos ao uso do algoritmo para calculá-los, mas que sejam trabalhados com significado a partir de situações que façam sentido para os alunos e justifiquem seus cálculos. O objetivo deste trabalho é a partir de um teste diagnóstico, investigar quais são as concepções e competências de um grupo de professores polivalentes relacionadas à leitura e interpretação de tabelas e gráficos. O teste foi dividido em questões objetivas e dissertativas, e na primeira categoria iremos analisar a concepção do professor a respeito do tema, ao localizar características a partir de dados numéricos em tabelas e gráficos, bem como se necessário, formalizar cálculos: e na segunda, as competências, viii isto é, quais estratégias utilizadas por ele que o ajudarão a justificar suas respostas. Ao levarmos em conta os resultados obtidos em nossa pesquisa, concluímos que a formação desses professores passa por experiências compartilhadas pelos colegas a qual não necessariamente está vinculada a bancos acadêmicos, mas desempenha papel fundamental na concepção e competência do professor sobre aprendizagem e ensino da Matemática

Diferentes métodos são empregados na avaliação nutricional de adultos hospitalizados, sem que haja evidências de que identifiquem o acréscimo de risco para desfechos hospitalares associados à desnutrição. A acurácia dos métodos de avaliação nutricional empregados nas rotinas hospitalares foram comparados em 434 adultos de um hospital geral universitário de alta complexidade no sul do Brasil. A albumina sérica foi o método mais preditivo de morte (77%; IC95%: 69-86%) e infecção hospitalar, (67%; IC95%: 61-74%), enquanto a contagem de linfócitos (60%; IC95%: 55- 65%) foi mais preditiva de longa permanência (LP). A albumina sérica <3,5 g/dL foi a única variável independente associada aos 3 desfechos, sugerindo haver pouca contribuição no emprego de outros métodos na predição de desfechos hospitalares.A fim de derivar e validar um escore preditivo do risco de morte, infecção e longa permanêcia, entre outubro de 2005 e junho de 2006, 1.503 adultos das unidades de internação do mesmo hospital foram avaliados à admissão hospitalar. A coorte de derivação foi constituída por 1.002 pacientes e a de validação foi composta por 501 pacientes. Houve boa concordância intraclasse (CCI>0,86) e diferenças de pequena magnitude entre avaliadores para 102 pacientes avaliados em duplicata. Houve menor concordância para métodos que requeriam experiência do avaliador. Albumina < 3,5g/dL e presença de >2 comorbidades crônicas, fizeram parte dos escores de predição para os 3 desfechos e desnutrição (Avaliação Subjetiva Global) dos escores de morte e LP. O escore derivado para predição de óbito [(>2 comorbidades x 6,0) + (albumina<3,5g/dL x 4,0) + (ASG C x 4,0) + (condição física prejudicada x 2,5)] mostrou-se sensível e de baixa probabilidade pós-teste negativa na predição de óbito e desempenho semelhante aos escores específicos na predição de infecção e LP. Em conclusão, o escorederivado e validado para predizer óbito mostrou-se acurado na predição de desfechos hospitalares. / Several methods have been applied for the assessment of nutrition status, even tough there are not evidences defining the increment of risk for adverse hospital outcomes attributable to malnutrition in hospitalized adults. The accuracy of methods applied for the assessment of nutritional status was compared in 434 adults admitted in a tertiary care general hospital in southern Brazil. Serum albumin was the best predictive method for death (C statististic: 77%; 95%CI: 69-86%) and infection (67%; 95%CI: 61-74%), while total lymphocyte count was the most predictive method for prolonged length of hospital stay (LOS) (60%; IC95%: 55-65%). Serum albumin <3.5 g/dL was the only variable independently associated to greater risk for these 3 outcomes, suggesting little contribution of other methods in the prediction of hospital outcomes. In order to develop and validate a predictive score for death, infection, and LOS, from October/2005 to June/2006, 1503 adults were assessed at hospital admission. The derivation cohort was constituted by 1002 patients, and the validation cohort by 501 patients. Satisfactory agreement (ICC>0.86) and low mean differences were observed in 102 patients assessed in duplicate. Lower agreement was verified for methods that demand greater experience by the observer. The variables serum albumin <3,5g/dL and >2 chronic comorbidities predicted the 3 outcomes, and malnutrition (Subjective Global Assessment) predicted death and LOS. The score developed to predict death [(>2 comorbidities x 6.0) + (albumin<3.5g/dL x 4.0) + (ASG “C” x 4.0) + (impaired physical condition x 2.5)] appeared to be sensitive and of low negative post-test probability for death, and showed similar performance to predict infection and LOS compared to the scores specifically developed for these outcomes (C statistic: 0.60, IC95%: 0.55-0.66 e 0.61,IC95%: 0.58-0.65, respectively). In conclusion, a clinical-nutritional score developed and validated to predict death was accurate in predicting hospital outcomes.

Diferentes métodos são empregados na avaliação nutricional de adultos hospitalizados, sem que haja evidências de que identifiquem o acréscimo de risco para desfechos hospitalares associados à desnutrição. A acurácia dos métodos de avaliação nutricional empregados nas rotinas hospitalares foram comparados em 434 adultos de um hospital geral universitário de alta complexidade no sul do Brasil. A albumina sérica foi o método mais preditivo de morte (77%; IC95%: 69-86%) e infecção hospitalar, (67%; IC95%: 61-74%), enquanto a contagem de linfócitos (60%; IC95%: 55- 65%) foi mais preditiva de longa permanência (LP). A albumina sérica <3,5 g/dL foi a única variável independente associada aos 3 desfechos, sugerindo haver pouca contribuição no emprego de outros métodos na predição de desfechos hospitalares.A fim de derivar e validar um escore preditivo do risco de morte, infecção e longa permanêcia, entre outubro de 2005 e junho de 2006, 1.503 adultos das unidades de internação do mesmo hospital foram avaliados à admissão hospitalar. A coorte de derivação foi constituída por 1.002 pacientes e a de validação foi composta por 501 pacientes. Houve boa concordância intraclasse (CCI>0,86) e diferenças de pequena magnitude entre avaliadores para 102 pacientes avaliados em duplicata. Houve menor concordância para métodos que requeriam experiência do avaliador. Albumina < 3,5g/dL e presença de >2 comorbidades crônicas, fizeram parte dos escores de predição para os 3 desfechos e desnutrição (Avaliação Subjetiva Global) dos escores de morte e LP. O escore derivado para predição de óbito [(>2 comorbidades x 6,0) + (albumina<3,5g/dL x 4,0) + (ASG C x 4,0) + (condição física prejudicada x 2,5)] mostrou-se sensível e de baixa probabilidade pós-teste negativa na predição de óbito e desempenho semelhante aos escores específicos na predição de infecção e LP. Em conclusão, o escorederivado e validado para predizer óbito mostrou-se acurado na predição de desfechos hospitalares. / Several methods have been applied for the assessment of nutrition status, even tough there are not evidences defining the increment of risk for adverse hospital outcomes attributable to malnutrition in hospitalized adults. The accuracy of methods applied for the assessment of nutritional status was compared in 434 adults admitted in a tertiary care general hospital in southern Brazil. Serum albumin was the best predictive method for death (C statististic: 77%; 95%CI: 69-86%) and infection (67%; 95%CI: 61-74%), while total lymphocyte count was the most predictive method for prolonged length of hospital stay (LOS) (60%; IC95%: 55-65%). Serum albumin <3.5 g/dL was the only variable independently associated to greater risk for these 3 outcomes, suggesting little contribution of other methods in the prediction of hospital outcomes. In order to develop and validate a predictive score for death, infection, and LOS, from October/2005 to June/2006, 1503 adults were assessed at hospital admission. The derivation cohort was constituted by 1002 patients, and the validation cohort by 501 patients. Satisfactory agreement (ICC>0.86) and low mean differences were observed in 102 patients assessed in duplicate. Lower agreement was verified for methods that demand greater experience by the observer. The variables serum albumin <3,5g/dL and >2 chronic comorbidities predicted the 3 outcomes, and malnutrition (Subjective Global Assessment) predicted death and LOS. The score developed to predict death [(>2 comorbidities x 6.0) + (albumin<3.5g/dL x 4.0) + (ASG “C” x 4.0) + (impaired physical condition x 2.5)] appeared to be sensitive and of low negative post-test probability for death, and showed similar performance to predict infection and LOS compared to the scores specifically developed for these outcomes (C statistic: 0.60, IC95%: 0.55-0.66 e 0.61,IC95%: 0.58-0.65, respectively). In conclusion, a clinical-nutritional score developed and validated to predict death was accurate in predicting hospital outcomes.

Diferentes métodos são empregados na avaliação nutricional de adultos hospitalizados, sem que haja evidências de que identifiquem o acréscimo de risco para desfechos hospitalares associados à desnutrição. A acurácia dos métodos de avaliação nutricional empregados nas rotinas hospitalares foram comparados em 434 adultos de um hospital geral universitário de alta complexidade no sul do Brasil. A albumina sérica foi o método mais preditivo de morte (77%; IC95%: 69-86%) e infecção hospitalar, (67%; IC95%: 61-74%), enquanto a contagem de linfócitos (60%; IC95%: 55- 65%) foi mais preditiva de longa permanência (LP). A albumina sérica <3,5 g/dL foi a única variável independente associada aos 3 desfechos, sugerindo haver pouca contribuição no emprego de outros métodos na predição de desfechos hospitalares.A fim de derivar e validar um escore preditivo do risco de morte, infecção e longa permanêcia, entre outubro de 2005 e junho de 2006, 1.503 adultos das unidades de internação do mesmo hospital foram avaliados à admissão hospitalar. A coorte de derivação foi constituída por 1.002 pacientes e a de validação foi composta por 501 pacientes. Houve boa concordância intraclasse (CCI>0,86) e diferenças de pequena magnitude entre avaliadores para 102 pacientes avaliados em duplicata. Houve menor concordância para métodos que requeriam experiência do avaliador. Albumina < 3,5g/dL e presença de >2 comorbidades crônicas, fizeram parte dos escores de predição para os 3 desfechos e desnutrição (Avaliação Subjetiva Global) dos escores de morte e LP. O escore derivado para predição de óbito [(>2 comorbidades x 6,0) + (albumina<3,5g/dL x 4,0) + (ASG C x 4,0) + (condição física prejudicada x 2,5)] mostrou-se sensível e de baixa probabilidade pós-teste negativa na predição de óbito e desempenho semelhante aos escores específicos na predição de infecção e LP. Em conclusão, o escorederivado e validado para predizer óbito mostrou-se acurado na predição de desfechos hospitalares. / Several methods have been applied for the assessment of nutrition status, even tough there are not evidences defining the increment of risk for adverse hospital outcomes attributable to malnutrition in hospitalized adults. The accuracy of methods applied for the assessment of nutritional status was compared in 434 adults admitted in a tertiary care general hospital in southern Brazil. Serum albumin was the best predictive method for death (C statististic: 77%; 95%CI: 69-86%) and infection (67%; 95%CI: 61-74%), while total lymphocyte count was the most predictive method for prolonged length of hospital stay (LOS) (60%; IC95%: 55-65%). Serum albumin <3.5 g/dL was the only variable independently associated to greater risk for these 3 outcomes, suggesting little contribution of other methods in the prediction of hospital outcomes. In order to develop and validate a predictive score for death, infection, and LOS, from October/2005 to June/2006, 1503 adults were assessed at hospital admission. The derivation cohort was constituted by 1002 patients, and the validation cohort by 501 patients. Satisfactory agreement (ICC>0.86) and low mean differences were observed in 102 patients assessed in duplicate. Lower agreement was verified for methods that demand greater experience by the observer. The variables serum albumin <3,5g/dL and >2 chronic comorbidities predicted the 3 outcomes, and malnutrition (Subjective Global Assessment) predicted death and LOS. The score developed to predict death [(>2 comorbidities x 6.0) + (albumin<3.5g/dL x 4.0) + (ASG “C” x 4.0) + (impaired physical condition x 2.5)] appeared to be sensitive and of low negative post-test probability for death, and showed similar performance to predict infection and LOS compared to the scores specifically developed for these outcomes (C statistic: 0.60, IC95%: 0.55-0.66 e 0.61,IC95%: 0.58-0.65, respectively). In conclusion, a clinical-nutritional score developed and validated to predict death was accurate in predicting hospital outcomes.