Orientador: Rogério Abdallah Curi / Banca: Guilherme Costa Venturini / Banca: Simone Cristina Méo Niciura / Resumo: Ao longo de várias décadas a raça Quarto de Milha foi selecionada para diferentes objetivos, formando grupos com aptidões ou habilidades distintas, como a linhagem de corrida, que apresenta melhor desempenho que qualquer outra linhagem ou raça em corridas de curta distância e a linhagem de trabalho, utilizada no manejo de bovinos a campo e em provas de caráter funcional. Considerando as diferenças nas medidas corporais e na musculatura que ocorrem entre as linhagens de corrida e de trabalho da raça Quarto de Milha, o objetivo deste trabalho foi analisar a ocorrência de relações entre alelos de polimorfismos da região cromossômica do gene da miostatina MSTN (ECA18), um regulador negativo do desenvolvimento muscular, e as duas linhagens da raça. Outro objetivo foi realizar análises de associação de polimorfismos dessa região cromossômica com valor genético estimado (EBV) do desempenho em corridas, dado pelo índice de velocidade máximo (IV max), e EBVs da altura à cernelha (AC), perímetro torácico (PT) e comprimento corporal (CC) na linhagem de corrida, e com EBVs da AC, PT e CC na linhagem de trabalho. Foram utilizadas informações genômicas, fenotípicas e de pedigree de 420 equinos, de ambos os sexos, registrados na associação Brasileira de criadores (ABQM), sendo 352 da linhagem de corrida e 68 da de trabalho. Na região genômica estudada (gene MSTN ± 2Mb), foram identificados 46 SNPs e 1 SINE - ERE1 comuns às linhagens de trabalho e de corrida, dos quais 32 SNPs e 1 SINE apres... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo) / Abstract: For several decades the Quarter Horse breed was selected for different purposes, forming groups with different abilities, such as the racing line, which performs better than any other lineage or breed in short distance races and the lineage of work, used in the management of field cattle and in functional tests. Considering the differences in body measurements and musculature that occur between racing and working strains of the Quarter-Mile breed, the objective of this study was to analyse the occurrence of relations between polymorphic alleles of the chromosomal region of the myostatin (MSTN) gene (ECA18), a negative regulator of muscle development, and the two lineages of the breed. Other objective was to perform association analyses of these polymorphisms with estimated genetic value (EBV) of the performance in lineages, given by the maximum velocity index (IV max), and EBVs of height at withers (HW), heart girth (HG) and body length (BL) in the racing line, and with EBVs of AC, PT and CC in the working line. We used genomic, phenotypic and pedigree information from 420 horses of both sexes, recorded in the Brazilian breeders' association (ABQM), 352 and 68 of the racing and working line, respectively. In the studied genomic region (MSTN gene ± 2Mb), 46 SNPs and 1 SINE - ERE1 were identified, common to the working and running strains, of which 32 SNPs and one SINE presented alleles with significantly different frequencies between them. It has also been found that the portion of this region closest to the MSTN gene (± 1Mb) is less polymorphic in the racing versus the working strain, which may be a consequence of higher selection pressure on that region in the racing line and / or due to the use of purebred English animals in it. In relation to the polymorphisms associated with the phenotypes (p not adjusted <0.05)... (Complete abstract click electronic access below) / Mestre

Boston University. University Professors Program Senior theses. / PLEASE NOTE: Boston University Libraries did not receive an Authorization To Manage form for this thesis. It is therefore not openly accessible, though it may be available by request. If you are the author or principal advisor of this work and would like to request open access for it, please contact us at open-help@bu.edu. Thank you. / 2031-01-02

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Made available in DSpace on 2014-06-11T19:26:35Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2001Bitstream added on 2014-06-13T18:30:09Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 mahl_ml_me__assis.pdf: 563017 bytes, checksum: 847cff0b55fe5409fbb0d27c033a8ae4 (MD5) / Este trabalho tem como objetivo analisar a presença do pensamento racial entre os membros da elite letrada paulista, associada ao Instituto Histórico e Geográfico de São Paulo, entre os anos de 1894 e 1940. O IHGSP, um dos principais núcleos da intelectualidade paulista no período estudado, publicava uma revista anual com temas relacionados principalmente à geografia, história, etnologia, assim como trabalhos biográficos e genealógicos. O estudo teve como foco de suas análises todos os artigos publicados na revista até o volume XXXVIII, com especial atenção àqueles que se dedicavam exclusivamente às problemáticas de fundo racial. Essas produções culturais oferecem um panorama bastante amplo sobre como os autores da revista se inserem nos debates raciais das primeiras décadas do século XX, e também como seus trabalhos contribuíram para a consolidação de uma imagem simbólica e ideológica a respeito da chamada raça paulista / This research has as its purpose analyse the presence of the racial thought among the members of the literary elite of São Paulo state (paulista) associated to the Historic and Geographic Institute of São Paulo (IHGSP), within the years of 1894 and 1940 The IHGSP, one of the main centers of the intellectuality in São Paulo in the studied period, published an annual magazine with articles related mainly to geography, history and etnology, as well as biographical and genealogical works. The study had as focus of its analysis all the articles published in this magazine up to the volume XXXVIII, with special attention to those which concentrated exclusively to the racial problems. These cultural outputs offer a wide view on how themselves in the racial debates of the first decades of the 20 century, and also how their work contributed to the consolidation of a symbolic image of the so called paulista race

PURPOSE. The purpose of this study was to quantify the biomechanical response of human posterior ocular tissues from donors of various racioethnic groups to better understand how differences in these properties may play a role in the racioethnic health disparities known to exist in glaucoma. METHODS. Sequential digital image correlation (S-DIC) was used to measure the pressure-induced surface deformations of 23 normal human posterior poles from three racioethnic groups: African descent (AD), European descent (ED), and Hispanic ethnicity (HIS). Regional in-plane principal strains were compared across three zones: the optic nerve stump (ONS), the peripapillary (PP) sclera, and non-PP sclera. RESULTS. The PP scleral tensile strains were found to be lower for ED eyes compared with AD and HIS eyes at 15 mm Hg (P = 0.024 and 0.039, respectively). The mean compressive strains were significantly higher for AD eyes compared with ED eyes at 15 mm Hg (P = 0.018). We also found that the relationship between tensile strain and pressure was significant for those of ED and HIS eyes (P < 0.001 and P = 0.004, respectively), whereas it was not significant for those of AD (P = 0.392). CONCLUSIONS. Our results suggest that, assuming glaucomatous nerve loss is caused by mechanical strains in the vicinity of the optic nerve head, the mechanism of increased glaucoma prevalence may be different in those of AD versus HIS. Our ONS strain analysis also suggested that it may be important to account for ONS geometry and material properties in future scleral biomechanical analysis.

This study examined whether African Americans could consolidate political power through a migration into a specific state or set of states in sufficient numbers to establish a voting majority within that state. In order to examine the feasibility and efficacy of this strategy, a variety of factors were reviewed, including the historical context leading to the current situation; the political benefits to be derived from the control of a state; and the population and migration patterns of African Americans. The results indicated that this strategy could succeed in providing significant substantive and symbolic political benefits to the African American community, but could also have some negative repercussions.

Since the renowned terrorist attacks of September 11th, 2001, exclusionary narratives or “othering” have proliferated in the securitized West. Prominently associated with media campaigns, popular culture, or political debates, exclusionary discourses operating within the Canadian judiciary have been largely overlooked. Inspired by the work of Giorgio Agamben and Richard Ericson, this study is a critical discourse analysis of sentencing decisions within five terrorism cases. Findings suggest that “othering” operates in these decisions through seven discursive mechanisms. Those mechanisms construct the offenders as Muslim non-conforming foreign “others” threatening the Canadian nation, and worthy of exclusion. As such, the offenders are seen as deserving of punitive incarceration by the severest extent of the law. The courts also justify this punishment by invoking political imperatives namely the need for the State to preserve its alliance with other nations engaged in the “War on Terrorism” and the necessity to counter the “discontent with the West”. Although limited by legal safeguards, the exceptional state power at play in the post 9/11 era is not without effect on the wider population of Muslim in Canada and abroad.

archives@tulane.edu / 1 / David Cheney

Despite growing racial inequality in access to selective colleges, popular beliefs abound that college admissions practices are advantaging racial minorities over White students. Because racial minorities face numerous forms of inequality prior to applying college, there are two assumptions held about college admissions. First, people assume that colleges utilize affirmative action based admission practices to help students of color gain admittance and to increase racial diversity on-campus. Second, people assume that most people, particularly Whites, are opposed to all forms of affirmative action. In my dissertation, I challenge both assumptions. I consider how college admissions practice may disadvantage students of color and contribute to racial gaps in access to selective colleges. I ask how organizational and racial processes influence which racialized factors a college considers and how the factors a college considers influence enrollments for specific racial groups. In addition, I ask how the admission factors a college considers influence public sentiment. I find that an increase in racial minority enrollments results in colleges desisting in the consideration of factors known to increase racial minority enrollments. I argue that what a college considers when making admission decisions may be a mechanism for protecting the often-invisible White culture at selective colleges. In addition, I uncover how different racialized admission factors are associated with the representation of different racial groups—indicating that because the meaning of diversity is malleable, the criteria colleges use to admit students may be associated with divergent forms of diversity. Taken together my findings challenge the idea that college admission practices always advantage racial minorities and indicate that in some instances they can disadvantage students of color. Finally, I also discover that Americans, regardless of racial identity, tend to be opposed to admission practices that are perceived to be un-meritocratic like advantaging legacy students or explicitly considering race; but they do not oppose all attempts to increase racial minority representation—indicating that there are some forms of affirmative action that may have wider support in the general public than typically acknowledged<br>

One historic mission of higher education has been to produce good citizens. To ensure that students develop into productive citizens, institutions of higher education aim to assist students in exploring their career interests and finding jobs upon graduation. Employers have reported that college students conducting job search processes do not posses the skills they seek in applicants. Specifically, employers have mentioned the lack of written and oral communication skills among applicants. It would seem that there is a clear distinction between the communication skills that employers seek and the communication skills that students offer. Employers believe that students lack the basic skills of speaking and listening. They also believe the writing skills of applicants are insufficient. This study was designed to gain a better understanding of the level of effectiveness of the communication skills used by college students during a job search process. Specifically this study will look at written communication skills. The sample will include 120 students involved in a job search process during the spring, 2000 academic term. Data will consist of cover letters and resumes that students use when conducting a job search. Results will be analyzed by rating the data on issues like grammar, language and spelling, and clarity. Results will be analyzed for all participants. Analysis will also be conducted to explore differences by race, gender, and academic college (Arts and Sciences, Engineering, and Business). The results of this study provided some interesting information about the written communication skills used by students during their job search. Overall, students demonstrated that they have a good understanding of how to present Aesthetically pleasing Cover Letters and Resumes that appropriately address the components in these documents. Results also showed that women have stronger written communication skills than men. Majority students proved to be more adept than minority students at composing Cover Letters and Resumes. Finally, results showed that students from the College of Business have stronger written communication skills than students from the College of Engineering. / Master of Arts