Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs), in addition to enabling monitoring solutions for numerous new applications areas, have gained huge popularity as a cost-effective, dynamically scalable, easy to deploy and maintainable alternatives to conventional infrastructure-based monitoring solutions. A WSN consists of spatially distributed autonomous wireless sensor nodes that measure desired physical phenomena and operate in a collaborative manner to relay the acquired information wirelessly to a central location. A wireless sensor node, integrating the required resources to enable infrastructure-less distributed monitoring, is constrained by its size, cost and energy. In order to address these constraints, a typical wireless sensor node is designed based on low-power and low-cost modules that in turn provide limited communication and processing performances. Data and computation intensive wireless monitoring applications, on the other hand, not only demand higher communication bandwidth and computational performance but also require practically feasible operational lifetimes so as to reduce the maintenance cost associated with the replacement of batteries. In relation to the communication and processing requirements of such applications and the constraints associated with a typical wireless sensor node, this thesis explores energy efficient wireless sensor node architecture that enables realization of data and computation intensive applications. Architectures enabling raw data transmission and in-sensor processing with various technological alternatives are explored. The potential architectural alternatives are evaluated both analytically and quantitatively with regards to different design parameters, in particular, the performance and the energy consumption. For quantitative evaluation purposes, the experiments are conducted on vibration and image-based industrial condition monitoring applications that are not only data and computation intensive but also are of practical importance. Regarding the choice of an appropriate wireless technology in an architecture enabling raw data transmission, standard based communication technologies including infrared, mobile broadband, WiMax, LAN, Bluetooth, and ZigBee are investigated. With regards to in-sensor processing, different architectures comprising of sequential processors and FPGAs are realized to evaluate different design parameters, especially the performance and energy efficiency. Afterwards, the architectures enabling raw data transmission only and those involving in-sensor processing are evaluated so as to find an energy efficient solution. The results of this investigation show that in-sensor processing architecture, comprising of an FPGA for computation purposes, is more energy efficient when compared with other alternatives in relation to the data and computation intensive applications. Based on the results obtained and the experiences learned in the architectural evaluation study, an FPGA-based high-performance wireless sensor platform, the SENTIOF, is designed and developed. In addition to performance, the SETNIOF is designed to enable dynamic optimization of energy consumption. This includes enabling integrated modules to be completely switched-off and providing a fast configuration support to the FPGA.  In order to validate the results of the evaluation studies, and to assess the performance and energy consumption of real implementations, both the vibration and image-based industrial monitoring applications are realized using the SENTIOF. In terms of computational performance for both of these applications, the real-time processing goals are achieved. For example, in the case of vibration-based monitoring, real-time processing performance for tri-axes (horizontal, vertical and axial) vibration data are achieved for sampling rates of more than 100 kHz. With regards to energy consumption, based on the measured power consumption that also includes the power consumed during the FPGA’s configuration process, the operational lifetimes are estimated using a single cell battery (similar to an AA battery in terms of shape and size) with a typical capacity of 2600 mA. In the case of vibration-based condition monitoring, an operational lifetime of more than two years can be achieved for duty-cycle interval of 10 minutes or more. The achievable operational lifetime of image-based monitoring is more than 3 years for a duty-cycle interval of 5 minutes or more.

Driving while drowsy is a major cause behind road accidents, and exposes the driver to a much higher crash risk compared to driving while alert. Therefore, the use of assistive systems that monitor a driver’s level of vigilance and alert the fatigue driver can be significant in the prevention of accidents. This thesis introduces three different methods towards the detection of drivers’ drowsiness based on yawning measurement. All three approaches involve several steps, including the real time detection of the driver’s face, mouth and yawning. The last approach, which is the most accurate, is based on the Viola-Jones theory for face and mouth detection and the back projection theory for measuring both the rate and the amount of changes in the mouth for yawning detection. Test results demonstrate that the proposed system can efficiently measure the aforementioned parameters and detect the yawning state as a sign of a driver’s drowsiness.

This thesis deals with design, development and testing of device for collecting fly data in ultralight airplane or helicopter. The basic collected value is a count of fly hours of each pilot. Additional fly data are latitude, longitude and altitude. Purpose of this device is a fair pricing for use of the airplane. Another utilization is in analysis of flight path or in pilot training. This device is succesfully made from miniature computer Raspberry Pi and uses GPS data. A reader will be informed about aviation regulations, embedded systems, global positioning system and wireless internet connection.

This thesis deals with a concept and physical prototype of an intelligent, electronically programmable stamp, based on inkjet print. The stamp is basically a small inkjet printer. The stamp can print a simple custom text and is meant to replace regular office stamps. The benefit of the proposed stamp should include cost reduction and need for multiple stamps. The theoretical concept is followed by a prototype, which is an essential part of this work.

This work deals with Audified Audio Processing System. This embedded system includes an Arm processor running the Linux operating system. At present, parameter control (phantom, gain) is complicated, without feedback. In this work, the creation of server - client application, which will allow easy setting of the mentioned parameters and will show their effect, is described.

This master’s thesis deals with rebuild of RC car model for use of autonomous sensors. Practical part of the thesis is divided to five main parts. The First part deals about selection of suitable RC model. Next part of thesis deals with detailed description of the RC model. The third part of thesis deals about selection of microcontroller which will be processing the model control. The fourth part of thesis deals about construction changes of the model. The last part of thesis deal about Simulink control of the vehicle.

This work deals with Audified Audio Processing System. This embedded system includes an ARM processor running the Linux operating system. At present, parameter control (phantom, gain) is complicated, without feedback. In this work, the creation of web application, which will allow easy setting of the mentioned parameters and will show their effect, is described.

Main accomplishment of this master’s thesis is to make a module for verification of the function binary and analog inputs (analog inputs only for current loop between 0-20mA) on data logger MODAS DataPoint. Hardware testing device will be made on development kit STM32F3-Discovery from STMicroelecronics Company. Device generates testing signals for confirmation of the function MODAS DataPoint device. Testing device communicates with MODAS DataPoint device via Ethernet, communication between PC application and hardware of the testing device is realized by USB interface in DFU mode. Solution included PC application, where you can connect to the tester device and tested Modas DP device. Furtheremore, the test starts here and application inform user about during a test, processed measured data and generate output protocols.

This thesis deals with design and implementation of multi-channel audio signal streaming via local network. The aim was to choose suitable processor for the transmission of up to 32 channels of audio signal, which will be used for implementation. Also the low-latency ASIO driver was studied and was used to provide timestamps for synchronization. The transmission protocol was designed for signaling and for the real time stream. The actual transmission is provided by TCP protocol. In conclusion, I created the application for development board with choosen MCU. Finally whole solution was tested with real data.

Alors que les systèmes embarqués sont de plus en plus nombreux, complexes, connectés et chargés de tâches critiques, la question de comment intégrer l'analyse précise de sécurité à la conception de systèmes embarqués doit trouver une réponse. Dans cette thèse, nous étudions comment les méthodes de vérification formelle automatiques peuvent aider les concepteurs de systèmes embarqués à évaluer l'impact des modifications logicielles et matérielles sur la sécurité des systèmes. Une des spécificités des systèmes embarqués est qu'ils sont décrits sous la forme de composants logiciels et matériels interagissant. Vérifier formellement de tels systèmes demande de prendre tous ces composants en compte. Nous proposons un exemple d'un tel système (basé sur Intel SGX) qui permet d'établir un canal sécurisé entre un périphérique et une application. Il est possible d'en vérifier un modèle de haut-niveau ou une implémentation bas-niveau. Ces deux niveaux diffèrent dans le degré d'intrication entre matériel et logiciel. Dans le premier cas, nous proposons une approche orientée modèle, à la fois au niveau partitionnement et conception logicielle, permettant une description à haut niveau d'abstraction du matériel et du logiciel et permettant une transformation de ces modèles en une spécification formelle sur laquelle une analyse de sécurité peut être effectuée avec l'outil ProVerif. Dans le second cas, nous considérons une implémentation logicielle et un modèle matériel plus concret pour effectuer des analyses de sécurité plus précises toujours avec ProVerif. / As embedded systems become more complex, more connected and more involved in critical tasks, the question of how strict security analysis can be performed during embedded system design needs to be thoroughly addressed. In this thesis, we study how automated formal verification can help embedded system designers in evaluating the impact of hardware and software modifications on the security of the whole system. One of the specificities of embedded system design-which is of particular interest for formal verification-is that the system under design is described as interacting hardware and software components. Formally verifying these systems requires taking both types of components into account. To illustrate this fact, we propose an example of a hardware/software co-design (based on Intel SGX) that provides a secure channel between a peripheral and an application. Formal verification can be performed on this system at different levels: from a high-level view (without describing the implementations) or from a low-level implementation. These two cases differ in terms of how tightly coupled the hardware and software components are. In the first case, we propose a model-based approach-for both the partitioning and software design phases- which enables us to describe software and hardware with high-level models and enables a transformation of these models into a formal specification which can be formally analyzed by the ProVerif tool. In the second case, we consider a software implementation and a more concrete