Since its issuance in June 1981, Statement on Auditing Standards (SAS) No. 39, "Audit Sampling," has been the center of much controversy. Practitioners are voicing their concerns as they anticipate difficulties in designing, selecting, and evaluating a nonstatistical sampling procedure in accordance with SAS 39. This proposed exploratory study seeks to identify those factors that underlie the auditor's judgment with respect to nonstatistical sample size decisions in substantive tests. The research will utilize Egon Brunswik's Lens Model to provide mathematical representations of the auditor's judgment process. Correlational statistics will be used to assess judgment accuracy, agreement (consensus) , and auditor "self-insight" into his decision process. The study will provide empirical insight, into whether the auditor's determination of the appropriate extent of testing is consistent with his judgment as to the assurance level needed from his sampling application, or conversely, the degree of risk he is willing to accept. The ability of auditors to formulate their sample size decisions properly is crucial because of their impact on audit effectiveness and efficiency. In addition, this project should provide additional evidence bearing upon the arguments of both proponents and opponents of SAS 39. / Ph. D.

In this study the structure and properties of repeated measurement (RM) designs are investigated from different points of view, such as (i) balancedness or partial balancedness, (ii) construction versus estimation, (iii) underlying linear models, (iv) factorial treatment structure. In studying balanced repeated measurement designs for the first order residual effects model it becomes apparent that one has to distinguish between balancedness with respect to construction and balancedness with respect to estimation. These two concepts do not necessarily imply each other as they do, for example, for the balanced incomplete block design. Such designs are referred to as BRMl and BRMlE designs, respectively. It is shown that they are imbedded in a much larger class of RM designs. This class is based on generalized partially balanced incomplete block designs and hence referred to as GPBRMl designs. The properties of GPBRMl designs can be investigated by means of association matrices. For the construction of these designs the concept of asymmetrically repeated differences is introduced as a generalization of symmetrically repeated differences used for constructing certain PBIB designs. Another generalization of RM designs concerns the underlying linear model. In particular, the situation is considered where in addition to first order residual effects the model also contains second order residual effects. This leads to BRM2 and BRM2E designs. Extension to kᵗʰ order residual effect models are mentioned briefly. Modifications of existing RM designs can be achieved if the treatments have a factorial structure and if certain, usually higher order, interactions can be considered negligible. In particular, it is shown how this can lead to a substantial reduction in the number of periods and/or subjects for a RM design. / Doctor of Philosophy

O objetivo deste trabalho é analisar o último romance de George Orwell, 1984, por meio de alguns de seus elementos literários principais, mais especificamente o estudo do foco narrativo e das personagens. A partir disso, a pesquisa pretende traçar paralelos em torno da questão da possível revolta do personagem principal com o contexto histórico em que o autor estava inserido, suas ideias, as relações com outros elementos de sua obra, dialogando com as afirmações feitas pela fortuna crítica durante as seis décadas de sua publicação. Dessa forma, foram selecionados trechos importantes do livro e de seu apêndice, cujos detalhes foram analisados o emprego de vocábulos, sua função na frase para então observar seu papel na narrativa e relacioná-los a fatores exteriores à obra. Finalmente, ao estabelecer diálogo com a fortuna crítica, buscou-se, na medida do possível, salientar a relevância de 1984 como instrumento de alerta e denúncia contra as mazelas do totalitarismo. / The purpose of this research is to analyze the last novel written by George Orwell, 1984, through its main literary tools, which importance gave the possibility to choose within a wide variety of aspects, the study of the narrator and the main characters. With this in mind, this research intends to delineate parallels between the possible rebellion of the main character and the historical context in which the author himself was inserted, his ideas, the links between other elements of his work, discussing it with the statements made by the critics through the six decades from its publication. Hence, it was selected important passages from the novel and its appendix that were analyzed down to very last details, from the use of certain words, their function within the sentence to its role in the novel as a whole and relate them to exterior factors. Finally through establishing a dialogue with the literary criticism it was pursued, as a possible, the underline of the book as an alert instrument and detection against totalitarianism causes.

吳達維. / 手稿本, 複本據手稿本影印. / Thesis (M.A.)--香港中文大學. / Shou gao ben, fu ben ju shou gao ben ying yin. / Includes bibliographical references: leaves 316-324. / Wu Dawei. / Thesis (M.A.)--Xianggang Zhong wen da xue. / 序言 --- p.1 / Chapter 第一部 --- 背景 / Chapter 第一章 --- 神學基礎 --- p.8 / Chapter (一) --- 個人經驗 --- p.10 / Chapter (二) --- 宗教觀 --- p.25 / Chapter (三) --- 釋經原則 --- p.40 / Chapter (四) --- 小結 --- p.66 / Chapter 第二章 --- 論人 --- p.71 / Chapter (一) --- 研究方法 --- p.72 / Chapter (二) --- 人的本性 --- p.75 / Chapter (三) --- 人的命運 --- p.84 / Chapter (四) --- 人的社會 --- p.91 / Chapter (五) --- 小結 --- p.97 / Chapter 第三章 --- 論上帝 --- p.102 / Chapter (一) --- 詞語釋義 --- p.104 / Chapter (二) --- 上帝的本性 --- p.109 / Chapter (三) --- 上帝的工作 --- p.122 / Chapter (四) --- 小結 --- p.138 / Chapter 第二部 --- 本論 / Chapter 第四章 --- 論基督 --- p.142 / Chapter (一) --- 基督的身份 --- p.146 / Chapter (二) --- 道成肉身的耶穌 --- p.154 / Chapter (三) --- 基督的工作 --- p.165 / Chapter 甲 --- 拯救 --- p.167 / Chapter 一 --- 贖罪 --- p.167 / Chapter 二 --- 修好 --- p.173 / Chapter 三 --- 除魔 --- p.178 / Chapter 四 --- 小結 --- p.189 / Chapter 乙 --- 生活示範 --- p.195 / Chapter 一 --- 肉身成道 --- p.203 / Chapter 二 --- 受苦死亡 --- p.204 / Chapter 三 --- 復活升天 --- p.205 / Chapter 四 --- 末日再臨 --- p.211 / Chapter 五 --- 小结 --- p.216 / Chapter 丙 --- 社會改良 --- p.219 / Chapter 一 --- 天國主義的釋 --- p.223 / Chapter 二 --- 天國主義的探索 --- p.226 / Chapter 三 --- 天國主義的目標 --- p.229 / Chapter 四 --- 天國主義的應用 --- p.233 / Chapter 五 --- 小結 --- p.237 / Chapter 第五章 --- 基督論的綜觀 --- p.241 / Chapter (一) --- 系統 --- p.242 / Chapter (二) --- 方法 --- p.247 / Chapter (三) --- 獨特性 --- p.257 / 結語 --- p.274 / 凡例 --- p.283 / 注釋 --- p.285 / 參考書目 --- p.316

La siguiente tesis explora la evolución que se presenta en las letras de las canciones del músico argentino Charly García, entre los años 1974 y 1984 (antes, durante y después de la última dictadura militar de su país, conocida también como “Proceso de Reorganización Nacional”). Atravesando su participación en las bandas Sui Generis, La Máquina de Hacer Pájaros y Serú Girán, así como los inicios de su carrera solista, este estudio pretende identificar y explorar las estrategias narrativas que, desde lo literario, se hacen presentes a lo largo de la obra de García, priorizando el análisis sobre el uso del narrador metadiegético en primera persona, el mismo que utiliza Charly para plasmar una visión particular sobre la responsabilidad que tiene el artista frente a una sociedad convulsionada de la que también es parte. Asimismo, ahondaremos en el uso de referencias cinematográficas como estrategia para hablar del rol que tiene el arte en relación a (d)enunciar los atropellos que se ejecutan desde el poder, evadiendo los mecanismos de censura que la dictadura sistematizó. / Tesis

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Supervision is widely acknowledged as influencing the quality of postgraduate theses, and by association, of postgraduates. Despite this, publications on conducting research offer far less guidance on managing the supervision relationship than on the practicalities of producing a thesis. In-depth, qualitative supervision studies are few and fewer still examine power in the supervision relationship. Michel Foucault’s insights are used to explore the question: How do postgraduate supervisors and their Master’s students experience the supervision relationship and how are the dynamics of interpersonal and institutional power implicated in these relationships? Foucault argues that power relations always involve resistances; these function primarily through institutionalized discourses to produce different forms of knowledge, one form of which is identity or subjectivity. Accordingly, power relations are explored in terms of thesis-as-product, person-as-product and the impact of both on the mediation of knowledge in the educational domain. Four institutionalized discourses in the university domain are examined: · Commercial educational management discourse: targets academics through issues of quality assurance, throughput, publication, research productivity and funding. · Anarchic educational leadership discourse: integrates quantum principles with commercial demands, change management strategies and meaningful participation. · Humanistic discourse: favours a pastoral ethic and is person-centered. · Holistic discourse: cultivates ecological sensibility and values the interconnectedness of all aspects of being-in-the-world. Data collected in sixteen semi-structured interviews with three matched supervisor-student pairs selected from the humanities and education faculties of one South African university, are presented as case studies. Data analysis combines grounded theory techniques with selected aspects of Foucault’s methods. A conceptual model is devised to analyse how participants use resistance strategies to interface their autonomy and dependency with their expectations, abilities, and professional and pastoral care. The research yields rich data in which several thematic correlations in interpersonal and institutional power dynamics are grounded. These include: the significance of supervisor-student matching; links between expectations, abilities, the way participants negotiate power and the quality of professional and pastoral care they experience; the benefit of personal affinity to thesis-as-product and person-as-product; and the impact of commercial demands on participants’ power relations. Participants tend to reproduce the discourses in which they are embedded and adopt or adapt aspects of contesting discourses to this end. Potential avenues are identified for improving supervision practice and for further research.

Tesis para optar al grado de Magíster en Filosofía

O objetivo deste trabalho é analisar o último romance de George Orwell, 1984, por meio de alguns de seus elementos literários principais, mais especificamente o estudo do foco narrativo e das personagens. A partir disso, a pesquisa pretende traçar paralelos em torno da questão da possível revolta do personagem principal com o contexto histórico em que o autor estava inserido, suas ideias, as relações com outros elementos de sua obra, dialogando com as afirmações feitas pela fortuna crítica durante as seis décadas de sua publicação. Dessa forma, foram selecionados trechos importantes do livro e de seu apêndice, cujos detalhes foram analisados o emprego de vocábulos, sua função na frase para então observar seu papel na narrativa e relacioná-los a fatores exteriores à obra. Finalmente, ao estabelecer diálogo com a fortuna crítica, buscou-se, na medida do possível, salientar a relevância de 1984 como instrumento de alerta e denúncia contra as mazelas do totalitarismo. / The purpose of this research is to analyze the last novel written by George Orwell, 1984, through its main literary tools, which importance gave the possibility to choose within a wide variety of aspects, the study of the narrator and the main characters. With this in mind, this research intends to delineate parallels between the possible rebellion of the main character and the historical context in which the author himself was inserted, his ideas, the links between other elements of his work, discussing it with the statements made by the critics through the six decades from its publication. Hence, it was selected important passages from the novel and its appendix that were analyzed down to very last details, from the use of certain words, their function within the sentence to its role in the novel as a whole and relate them to exterior factors. Finally through establishing a dialogue with the literary criticism it was pursued, as a possible, the underline of the book as an alert instrument and detection against totalitarianism causes.