This diploma thesis focuses on project teaching method in "civic education" classes, which are focused on history. The contemporary calls for the elimination of fact and positive approach to teaching are encouraged by project teaching method. Project teaching method organises itself in a new way, so the pupils do not have to listen to a lecture, watch demonstrations, remember the information and finally reproduce the received and remembered information. The thesis is divided into two parts, of which the first one is analytical and concerns itself with the essence of project teaching method and its history and use in "civic education" classes. The author is explains how an excursion should look like and how to organise it. An important part of the analytic part is the history of the Czech nazi work-camp called Terezin. In the second practical part, the author emphasises the actual in-class use of the previous findings. The author also incorporates the topic of holocaust into curriculums of certain schools and grades. Finally an excursion which particular schools undertook is described and evaluated via a quantitative questionnaire-based research.

O desenvolvimento desta pesquisa focaliza as questões relacionadas à formação de competências nos alunos de um Curso de Graduação em Enfermagem de uma instituição privada situada na cidade de São Paulo, quando desenvolvem atividades em uma Clínica de Ensino Simulado. O estudo tem como objetivos: Resgatar segundo a percepção dos docentes, quais as competências que entendem como importantes na formação do estudante de enfermagem quando desenvolvem ensino simulado na clínica; Identificar as estratégias ou mecanismos que adotam para ajudá-los a desenvolvê-las; Intervir, com base nos resultados obtidos, para a transformação desse processo de ensino reconhecendo a relação entre um Projeto Político-Pedagógico (PPP) e o perfil do egresso proposto nas Diretrizes Curriculares Nacionais.Trata-se de uma pesquisa de abordagem qualitativa do tipo estudo de caso, composta metodologicamente em duas etapas: análise das entrevistas segundo o referencial de Minayo realizadas com oito docentes, e grupo focal interpretado com recursos da hermenêutica-dialética. A análise e a interpretação dos dados foram subsidiadas por duas grandes vertentes. A primeira vertente abarca a categoria analítica: “Processo de formação profissional do enfermeiro”. A segunda vertente de análise é composta pelas seguintes categorias empíricas, advindas dos discursos dos sujeitos entrevistados: A análise interpretativa norteou-se pelos eixos dos determinantes estruturais: o Projeto Político Pedagógico e as Diretrizes Curriculares Nacionais; como Determinante Particular foi considerada a Unidade de Ensino Simulado (Clínica de Enfermagem); e como Determinantes Singulares as Estratégias de ensino (Instrumentos de Trabalho) e Competências (Produto de trabalho), advindas da interpretação do Grupo Focal produzido aos olhos do sujeito coletivo, ou seja, dos colaboradores, após a reflexão em grupo. Os resultados permitiram identificar as competências que os docentes consideram importantes na formação do enfermeiro, (competências: técnico - científica, ética, política, gerencial, relacional / afetiva, desenvolvimento do pensamento critico), permitiu, também, apreender que a competência técnica está bem sedimentada e que todos os colaboradores sabem quais estratégias devem ser utilizadas para desenvolvê-las. Entretanto, as demais competências elencadas são idealizadas estão no devir. Consideram ainda que quanto ao desenvolvimento de competências, os docentes, têm que estar se capacitando para atender às exigências das Diretrizes Curriculares Nacionais e do Projeto Político Pedagógico da Instituição. Consideram também que essa capacitação passa pela ousadia para que possam avançar primeiro na construção de suas competências docentes, para depois terem condições de propiciar aos alunos desenvolvê-las / The development of this research focus on issues related to building competencies in Students attending Nursing School in a private institution located in São Paulo, where they develop activities in a Clinic of Simulated Teaching. The study aims at addressing, according to the faculty view, the competencies they consider important in a nursing student formation when developing simulated teaching in the clinic; at identifying the strategies or mechanisms adopted to help students to develop these competencies and finally at interfering, based on results, with the transformation of this teaching process taking into consideration the relationship between a Political-Pedagogic Project (PPP) and the student`s profile proposed by the Brazilian Syllabus Guidelines. This research applies the case-study qualitative approach, methodologically composed of two phases: analysis of interviews carried out with eight faculty members, according to Minayo referential, and interpretation of answers given by the focal group with hermeneutics dialect resources. Data analysis and interpretation were supported by two great sources. The first encompasses the analytical category: \"The nurse professional formation process\". The second is composed of the following empirical categories based on the speech of the interviewed subjects: interpretative analysis was oriented by the axis of the structural determinants, namely the Political-Pedagogic Project and the Brazilian Syllabus Guidelines; the Simulated Teaching Unit (Nursing Clinic) was considered as the Particular Determinant and the teaching Strategies (Work Tool) and Competencies (Work Product) - resulting from the interpretations of the Focal Group, produced according to the collective subject, that is, the collaborators after a group reflexion - as the Unique Determinants. The results made possible to identify the competencies faculty members considers important for the nurse formation, (competency: technical-scientific, ethical, political, managerial, relational/emotional, development of critical thinking) and also showed that the technical competency is very well acquired and that all subjects know what strategy to us to develop them. However, the other listed competencies are idealized and constantly changing. Regarding the development of competencies, faculty members should continually develop their own competencies to meet the requirements of the Brazilian Syllabus Guidelines and the Institution`s Political-Pedagogic Project and also, these competencies must be acquired first by faculty members so that they can help students to develop them

Until now, a lot of work has been done to explore methods for teaching English as a Second Language (ESL). Considering the nature of human beings as storytellers, teachers can use storytelling as a teaching method in English classrooms. The aim with this study is to discuss the storytelling teaching method adopted in ESL Classroom. The study is based on class observations on three Internet lessons, namely lessons of English vocabulary, grammar and spoken English. Videos on the Internet are wacthed and the narrative parts in these lessons are recorded. Previous studies related to this subject is on narration in the field of rhetoric and on methods for second language teaching and learning. Some earlier studies concern about  children’s education and military training. The main focus of present study is to analyze stories told by the teacher in the three classes—what they consist of, what effects they would achieve, and how many types of stories are used. In a classroom setting, the teacher is the narrator, students are the audience. Five types of stories are used: stories that are made up by the teacher, cultural backgrounds, stories told with physical responses, personal experiences and everyday life experiences. Anyway, narration is helpful in making the teacher and students closer. Hopefully with the help of present study on the selected lessons, one can find out how teachers use narration in general classroom settings.

The purpose of this study was to investigate faculty perceptions towards the transitioning process from face-to-face to online instruction. This study investigated the overall perceptions towards the transitioning process, the perceived changes in the teaching methods, technical and instructional design skills needed for the process, the change in preference towards face-to-face or online instruction after the transition, in addition to the challenges faculty members faced during the transition process. It also tested to determine if there were differences in responses based on gender, faculty position, years teaching in higher education institutions, and total number of courses taught whether fully online or blended. The study was exploratory using a survey research design to answer the research questions. The respondents were faculty members who had taught online at University of South Florida (USF) main campus (Tampa) and St. Petersburg campus. They were surveyed using a web-based questionnaire specially designed for the study. There was a total of 121 respondents to the survey. Descriptive statistics, frequency analysis, chi-square tests, t tests, and one-way ANOVAs were used to analyze the data, in addition to other statistics to verify various assumptions. The study found that faculty members were motivated to begin teaching online because of job expectations and by flexibility offered in online environment, but they found the transitioning process to be difficult and impartial. Faculty believed that converting to online instruction depends on the course content, the students, and the instructors. On the other hand, active learning improved in online instruction, and more creative assessments were used to address individual needs for students. A major finding was related to the positive changes in perception towards online teaching as faculty members taught more blended and fully online courses. Faculty members also noted that more opportunities for additional technical and instructional design training are needed, and that it should be a requirement before teaching online. Faculty members indicated that transitioning to online instruction is time consuming and requires a lot of work and effort to develop quality online courses. They implied that university administrators in specific do not seem to be fully aware of the required amount of time and effort needed in such a transitioning process.

Denna systematiska litteraturstudie syftar till att presentera vilka undervisningsmetoder forskning visar främjar elevers problemlösningsförmåga. Detta genomförs genom en kartläggning av 66 internationella artiklar. Kartläggningen har resulterat i identifierandet av nio undervisningsmetoder. Det gemensamma resultatet av studien visar att de nio undervisningsmetoderna främjar elevers problemlösningsförmåga. Studien presenterar även att den främsta faktorn för främjandet av elevers problemlösningsförmåga är tillämpandet av en specifik undervisningsmetod. Slutligen diskuteras även konsekvenser för undervisning samt fortsatta studier. / This systematic review aims to present teaching methods that research show enhances students´ problem solving skills. The review is completed by an analysis of 66 international articles. The analysis resulted in an identification of nine teaching methods. The overall result of the study shows that the nine teaching methods all enhances students’ problem solving skills. The results also suggest that the single most important factor to enhance students´ problem solving skills is the implementation of a specific teaching method. Consequences for education and future research are discussed.

The thesis deals with the theoretical anchoring of individualization of teaching in primary school. It discusses the basic terminology related to the tissue, the work also points to areas related to individualized teaching, such as differentiation of teaching. It briefly delineate the historical context of individualization of teaching and describes some of the used individualization systems. At the same time, the theoretical part deals with the individualization of teaching in terms of the law of the Czech Republic and how it requires czech teachers to take into account the individual posibilities and needs of students. The reserarch part examines the beliefs of primary school teachers about the possibilities of individualization and its implementation in educational process. Qualitative research was used to explore the topic. Through semi-structured interview, questions of research were answered and the collected data were evaluated.

Healthcare simulation is a teaching strategy rooted in cognitive, constructivist, and social learning theories. Simulation–based learning experiences offer a replacement for traditional clinical learning and are widely used across all levels of nursing education. Most simulation activities are focused on student application of cognitive knowledge to clinical situations or practicing psychomotor skills, with little attention paid to student development of core nursing values such as caring and compassion. In fact, few studies have empirically assessed the usefulness of simulation for helping student nurses develop affective characteristics such as empathy. A quasi–experimental control group study was conducted to evaluate affective learning in student nurses during a simulated clinical activity. Students randomized to the treatment condition watched a lesson on the importance of empathy as a professional nursing value along with a vignette in which an actor playing the simulated patient shared a narrative story that detailed aspects of his social, emotional, and physical well–being. Subjects who received the intervention had a greater and statistically significant increase in empathy score than those in the control condition. Students exposed to the intervention also had higher observed empathy scores, but differences between groups were not statistically significant. Since narratives can be useful for helping health profession students understand patient perspectives on their health and well–being, the concept of narrative transportation (i.e., immersion in narrative accounts or stories) was used to assess student engagement in the simulated learning activity. Students in the treatment condition had higher but non–statistically significant engagement scores in response to the intervention. Last, associations between empathy, emotional intelligence, and nursing competence were assessed. Positive and statistically significant relationships between empathy and emotional intelligence, emotional intelligence and nursing competence, and empathy and nursing competence were observed. Further analysis indicated that emotional intelligence partially mediated the relationship between empathy and nursing competence in this sample. The findings of this study demonstrated that patient narratives were useful for facilitating affective learning during simulated clinical activities. The observed results also provide insight on the relationship between affective characteristics and competency development in student nurses.

För att öka resultaten i de stora internationella undersökningarna PISA och PIRLS har staten satsat på kompetensutbildning för lärare i Sverige. Läslyftet är en av satsningarna och syftar till att öka kvaliteten i undervisningen när det gäller språk-, läs- och skrivdidaktik. En av modellerna som lärare utbildas i är samtal om text eller textsamtal. Den här studien följer åtta lärares diskussioner och erfarenheter som de delar med sig av under deltagandet i läslyftet 2016. Studien genomförs med hjälp av deltagande observationer då författaren till den här studien är en av deltagarna i läslyftet. I den tidigare forskningen framgår att textsamtal är gynnsamt för elevers kunskapsutveckling och att användning av metoden behöver öka i Sverige. Studien har ett sociokulturellt perspektiv eftersom teorin om att lärande sker i samband med andra är aktuell för studiens syfte och frågeställningar. Studiens syfte är att undersöka karaktären av textsamtal som undervisningsmetod i lärares kollegiala samtal. Frågeställningarna är: vilka motiv finns för lärare att använda textsamtal i undervisningen och vad pratar lärare om när de diskuterar textsamtal som undervisningsmetod? I resultatet presenteras de olika lärarnas erfarenheter och tankar kring textsamtal som undervisningsmetod. Det framgår av resultatet att lärarna har olika mycket erfarenhet av textsamtal innan de påbörjar läslyftet men att alla har en mycket positiv inställning till användandet av den. I diskussionen diskuteras hur de olika lärarna använder sig av metoden i förhållande till tidigare forskning. Det diskuteras även varför de är motiverade att använda metoden med motivet att öka kunskap i alla skolans ämnen.

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Denna studie undersöker matematikångest ur ett lärarperspektiv och betonar dess påverkan på elevers lärande i grundskoleutbildningen. Studien strävar efter att fördjupa förståelsen för matematikångest genom att undersöka dess effekter och identifiera förebyggande åtgärder. Genom att identifiera dessa faktorer som bidrar till uppkomsten av matematikångest och dess inverkan på elevers förmåga att lära sig, erbjuder studien insikter för lärare, föräldrar och beslutsfattare. Metodiken inkluderar en enkätundersökning bland flera lärare på grundskolenivå, i syfte att samla in deras uppfattningar och strategier gällande matematikångest. Valet av metod i studien är en enkät med kvalitativa ansatser. Resultatet avslöjar en avsevärd påverkan av matematikångest på elevers engagemang, deltagande och prestationer i matematik. Lärarna framhävde vikten av positiv förstärkning, stödjande lärmiljöer och anpassade undervisningsmetoder som avgörande för att minska eller motverka matematikångest.  Slutsatserna från denna studie understryker behovet av att hantera matematikångest genom ett gemensamt engagemang från lärare, föräldrar och beslutfattare. Genom att skapa en lärandemiljö som prioriterar förståelse, tålamod och anpassade undervisningsmetoder, siktar studien på att skapa en mer gynnsam matematikundervisning. Ambitionen är att förbättra utbildningskvaliteten och främja elevers välbefinnande i matematikämnet.