This diploma thesis deals with the problems of economic evaluation in road infrastructure projects in the Czech Republic and Slovakia. In the analytical part the methodology in both countries is solved, diversity is analyzed and in the end the searched differences are assessed. On the basis of results, recommendations are presented. The practical part is concentrated on the proper differences that are further included in the methodology. The general evaluation of advantages and disadvantages of the economic assessment method and suggestion of possible adjustment of the method in the Czech Republic and in Slovakia had been the result of the work.

The Master´s thesis is focus on analysis of costs and benefits of public projects. The work is divided into two parts. The first part is theoretical, which describes each points of CBA analysis and public project. The second part of the thesis is practical. It is focus on CBA analysis of the specific public project.

This master’s thesis deals with the theme of abandoned sites called brownfields in the city of Brno. The first part explains the concept of brownfields, there are describes the possible causes of rising and marked possible sources and problems during the revitalization of brownfields. The second part describes the current status of brownfields of Brno and by the method of scoring selected items is assessed their economic potencial. The conclusion of the work is dedicated to one of the specific brownfield in Brno. There is treated proposal of possible revitalization , itemized budget and cost-benefit analysis.

"Die Hälfte unserer Werbeausgaben ist umsonst, aber wir wissen nicht welche." Diese in der Werbebranche häufig strapazierte Aussage ist heute glücklicherweise nicht mehr gültig. Werbungtreibende Unternehmen möchten zunehmend wissen, was die Werbung bewirkt, die sie bei Agenturen in Auftrag geben. Für die Agenturen ihrerseits wird der Nachweis effizienter Werbung zunehmend zum Erfolgsfaktor. Natürlich wird es immer diejenigen Kritiker der Effizienzprüfung von Werbung geben, die da sagen, daß bei zunehmender Orientierung der Werbegestaltung an der Effizienz die Kreativität auf der Strecke bliebe. Dazu ist mindestens zweierlei zu sagen : Erstens ist zu bezweifeln, daß die Kreativität durch zunehmende Effizienz der Werbung in den Hintergrund rückt. Märkte, auf denen Informationen und Emotionen gehandelt werden, zeigen eher, daß durch schärferen Wettbewerb und damit zunehmende Effizienzanforderungen mehr Kreativität gefordert wird. Wohlgemerkt: gefordert und vielleicht nicht gefördert. Aber es scheint hier wie in vielen anderen Bereichen unserer Wirtschaft: Zum einen wünschen wir uns den harten Wettbewerb lieber für die anderen und zum zweiten wünschen sich eher die Starken eine Leistungsorientierung als die Schwachen. Zweitens muß man sagen: Selbst wenn die Kreativität nicht mehr der Hauptmaßstab für gelungene Werbung ist - so what? Sollen denn die Konsumenten und Werbung treibende Unternehmen Kreativität bezahlen, die ihnen nicht nützt? Der Trend ist klar: Die Effizienzmessung der Werbung wird zunehmend zum Erfolgsfaktor für die Agenturen. Man kann das ja nicht wollen, aber man kann nicht verhindern, daß es andere tun. Deshalb lohnt es, sich damit zu befassen.

Bicycling as a form of active transport has been gaining in popularity amongst policy makers and urban planners. In many cities, it is seen as a beneficial and efficient transport alternative to the congesting and air polluting car. Besides that, bicycling has also shown to reduce greenhouse gas emissions, noise and come with a range of health benefits when done regularly. Despite studies showing the individual and societal benefits of bicycling in an urban context, there is a lack of literature on how these benefits translate to a rural setting, characterised by longer distances and lower volumes of travellers. A commuting route between Östersund and Krokom was taken to study this. A cost-benefits analysis was performed for this route in which the transport related societal costs were calculated for a hypothetical increased bicycling scenario on this route and compared to the costs of a status quo scenario with no bicycling. Results show significant bicycle related costs such as travel time, and accidents, but also benefits compared to the car such as health and low operating costs. The environmental benefits are relatively small. Due to the results of the study covering a wide range, no conclusion could be drawn on if the studied rural bicycling scenario would be desirable or not. Conservative estimates indicate extra societal costs, while bicycle favouring estimates indicate cost savings. / <p>2020-06-05</p>

Cost Benefit Analysis (CBA) has for a long time been used in transport planning, but it is often questioned. One main argument against CBA is that the results depend largely on assumptions regarding one or a few input factors, as for example the future fuel price or valuation of CO2 emissions. The three papers included in this thesis investigate some aspects of uncertainty in transport CBA calculations. The two first papers explore how changes in input data assumptions affect the CBA ranking of six rail and road investments in Stockholm. The first paper deals with the effect of different land-use assumptions while the second deals with the influence of economic growth, driving cost and public transport fare. The third paper investigates how alternative formulations of the public transport mode choice and route choice affect travel flows, ticket revenues and consumer surplus. These are important factors previously known to affect CBA results. The findings of the first two papers suggest that CBA results are robust concerning different land-use scenarios and single input factors. No change in rank between a road and a rail object is observed in the performed model calculations, and only one change between two road objects. The fact that CBA results seem robust regarding input assumptions supports the use CBA as a tool for selecting transport investments. The results in the third paper indicate that if there is detailed interest in, for example, number of boardings and ticket income from a certain transit line, or the total benefit of a price change, a more detailed formulation of the public transport mode choice and route choice will provide more reliable results. On the other hand, this formulation requires substantially more data on the transit line and price structure than the conventional formulation used in Swedish transport planning, especially in areas with many different pricing systems. / <p>QC 20150414</p>

Based on Agenda 2030 and Sweden's environmental goals, we have seen development potential within Region Värmland's transport hierarchy, of which the focus is on transport by car. At present, they have 110 petrol-powered vehicles and 40 electric vehicles in the business. The purpose of this thesis was to investigate whether it is socio-economically defensible to replace Region Värmland's current petrol-powered vehicles with electric vehicles and to develop the charging infrastructure.   Through cooperation with Region Värmland, they have provided us with primary data and information regarding the business. In addition, secondary data have been taken from Trafikverket’s report Analysis method and socio-economic calculation values ​​(ASEK 7.0). With the help of this, benefits and costs have been defined and quantified in order to be able to perform a cost-benefit analysis. The sum of the total benefits was compared with the sum of the total costs. The result showed a cost-benefit ratio of 3,22. This means that the project is socio-economically defensible for Region Värmland to implement.   To investigate the project's sensitivity, a sensitivity analysis and supplementary break-even-point analyzes were performed. According to the sensitivity analysis, the project was still profitable in all variations but one. Therefore, a break-even-point analysis was performed to see when the project was still profitable.

This thesis focuses on the dilemma of self-employment. It tries to explore the relationship between self-employed people and public finances in general. The goal itself is an analysis of the relationship between public budgets and payments of the self-employed. But for more the thesis adds calculations of two hypothetic models of regulation and deregulation. Secondary goal is an evaluation of a self- employment status as solution for unemployment. Rational choice theory and prospect theory are also used along the way. As methods of research, the cost-benefit analysis and questionnaire survey was used. According to the outcomes of calculations etc. the result seems to be negative in economic way for current setup of payments with dominant loss of potential financial resources in retirement funds. Nevertheless, a number of savings also takes place. But even mentioned savings can't cover the discrepancy between potential incomes and real ones.

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Many utilities implement the financial incentive plans in promoting their Demand-Side Management (DSM) programs. The plans are intended to reduce the customer investment cost for a high efficiency equipment option, so that to make the investment more attractive. Despite its potential to increase customer participation, the financial incentives could cause a considerable increase in program cost to the utility. An analysis of financial incentive impact on the utility DSM program is conducted in this thesis. The analysis uses the combination of the customer participation modeling and the cost-benefit analysis of a DSM program. A modeling of customer participation by a discrete choice model is presented. The model uses the logistic probability functions. The benefit and cost of DSM programs are explored to develop the analysis methodology. Two typical energy conservation options of DSM programs are taken for case studies to demonstrate the analysis. The analysis is also conducted to see the effect of financial incentives on the performance of DSM programs in a fluctuating marginal energy cost. The result of this research shows that the financial incentive could induce the customer participation, thus provide an increase of benefit and costs. However, this research also reveals that, in certain circumstances, the financial incentive may result in a decrease of net benefit due to significant increase of cost. These imply that utilities must carefully evaluate the financial incentive plan in their DSM programs, before the programs are implemented. / Master of Science