Syftet med denna uppsats är att ge läsaren en förklaring till varför två stridande förband inom Försvarsmakten (FM) nyttjar olika indelning på gruppnivå. Uppsatsen skall dessutom redovisa fördelar och nackdelar som förekommer med respektive indelning. Ämnet till uppsatsen uppstod på grund av en strävan från Försvarsmakten att kunna nyttja behovssammansatta stridsgrupper. FM fastställer order och kommandon, försöker likställa vapensystem och utbud av ammunition och i övrigt använda samma materiel i syfte att förenkla fördelning och logistik av all materiel. Trots denna strävan förekommer det olika indelning på gruppnivå. En likställd utbildningsplan skulle kunna underlätta vid övning av soldater och chefer samt ge FM bättre uthållighet eftersom personalen inte behöver lika mycket utbildningstid för att ingå i ett annat förband. Metoden som har nyttjats för denna uppsats är kvalitativ. Den kvalitativa består av textanalyser och intervjuer. Den omfattar även enkätundersökning med personal som jobbar med strid på daglig basis. Genom definition av de två förbanden på K3 respektive Amf1 och med teori samt de grundläggande förmågorna har en analys skett. Analysen visar att skillnaden ligger i en kombination av arv, ledning och enkelhet. / The purpose of this paper is to give the reader an explanation of why two fighting units within the Armed Forces use different structures at group level. The essay shall further more present advantages and disadvantages that exist with each formation. The subject of the essay occurred because of the quest for the Armed Forces (AF) to be able to use temporary battle units. AF sets orders and commands, trying to equate the supply of weapons and ammunition and otherwise use the same stock in order to simplify the distribution and logistics of all the stock. Despite these efforts, there are different structures at group level. An equivalent education could facilitate the training of soldiers and officers, and provide AF better endurance because staff do not need as much training to be part of another unit. The method that has been used for this study is qualitative. It consists of qualitative textual analysis and interviews. It also includes a survey with staff who works with battle on a daily basis. By definition of the two units at K3 and Amf1 the theory and the basic capabilities have been analyzed. This analysis shows that the difference is in the combination of heritage, management and simplicity.

This thesis aims to contribute to an answer to the question, “What would a philosophy, and more specifically, an ethics, based on Christ, look like?” My first contention is that we find, in the ethical thinking of Karl Barth and Dietrich Bonhoeffer, two particularly radical and complementary attempts to point toward Christ as the basis or foundation of any genuine ethics. What sets the views of Barth and Bonhoeffer apart from many of the other philosophical and theological approaches to ethics, is the extent to which they seek to take seriously the ethical implications of the gospel – the revelation of God's grace in the Word and work of Jesus Christ – for ethics. My second contention is that, even if we follow neither Barth nor Bonhoeffer in the detailed outworking of the character of a Christologically grounded ethics, we nevertheless cannot avoid facing the radical challenge each of these men poses, in their own related but distinct ways, that in thinking about ethics we must take Christ as our standard and foundation. In the first two chapters, on Barth and Bonhoeffer respectively, I identify the structure and content of their arguments and display their textual basis in the texts most relevant to the topic, namely Barth’s Church Dogmatics and Bonhoeffer’s Ethics. I also present an outline of the character of a Christologically-grounded ethics as each of these theologians derives it from its Christological basis. In the third chapter I examine the cogency of their arguments.

Questa tesi, strutturata in tre articoli interconnessi, mira a fornire una migliore interpretazione del fenomeno delle Fondazioni d’Impresa nella prospettiva del Valore Condiviso, delineando quanto queste organizzazioni possano rivelarsi idonee a creare valore sia per la società sia per le imprese, rispondendo contemporaneamente alle esigenze di molteplici stakeholders. Il primo articolo, attraverso l’analisi della letteratura riguardante le Fondazioni d’Impresa e la teoria del Valore Condiviso, analizza in profondità le caratteristiche più innovative di queste organizzazioni, prendendo poi in considerazione alcuni aspetti potenzialmente interessanti da analizzare. Il secondo articolo presenta uno studio esplorativo finalizzato a verificare come gli interessi dell’impresa fondatrice influenzino il modello organizzativo, le attività e le tematiche affrontate dalle Fondazioni d’Impresa. L’articolo propone una rinnovata classificazione delle Fondazione d’Impresa, che introduce un modello innovativo, il cosiddetto Edifier, e sottolinea quali campo di attività sono più appropriati a seconda degli interessi delle imprese fondatrici. Il terzo articolo, infine, è volto a indagare in profondità i legami che intercorrono tra Imprese Fondatrici e Fondazioni d’Impresa, con una particolare attenzione ai meccanismi attraverso i quali l’impresa può influenzare l’efficacia delle attività della Fondazione. L’articolo mette in evidenza come l'adozione di un modello di trasferimento delle conoscenze possa avere una notevole influenza in termini di efficacia, con conseguenze rilevanti in termini di proattività, competenze ed efficacia della Fondazione. / This thesis, structured in three logically interconnected papers, aims at achieving a better understanding of the phenomenon of Corporate Foundations (CFs) under a Shared Value Perspective, by determining that these organizations are suitable for creating value for both society and firms, and for addressing multiple stakeholders’ needs. The first paper, through a review of the literature researching on CFs and on Shared Value, analyses in depth the most innovative characteristics of these organizations, and attempts to consider some potentially interesting issues to be stressed, coherently with the perspective adopted. The second paper presents an exploratory study aimed at verifying how the interests of the founder firm influence the model, activities and issues addressed by CFs. The paper proposes a classification of CFs introducing an innovative model, the so-called edifier, and underlines which field of activities are more appropriate according to the objective of the firms. The third paper is aimed at investigating in depth the ties connecting Founder Firms and CFs, with a special attention to the mechanisms through which a firm can impact CF’s effectiveness. The paper puts in evidence that the adoption of a model has a substantial influence on effectiveness, with many consequences on the proactivity, competences and social influence of CFs.

The traditional purpose of algorithm in education is to prepare students for programming. In our effort to introduce the practically missing computing science into Czech general secondary education, we have revisited this purpose.We propose an approach, which is in better accordance with the goals of general secondary education in Czechia. The importance of programming is diminishing, while recognition of algorithmic procedures and precise (yet concise) communication of algorithms is gaining importance. This includes expressing algorithms in natural language, which is more useful for most of the students than programming. We propose criteria to evaluate such descriptions. Finally, an idea about the limitations is required (inefficient algorithms, unsolvable problems, Turing’s test). We describe these adjusted educational goals and an outline of the resulting course. Our experience with carrying out the proposed intentions is satisfactory, although we did not accomplish all the defined goals.

Stone column technique is mostly used to reinforce soft cohesive soils. Settlements are decreased under foundations and bearing capacity is increased. This study initially focuses on a comprehensive review of literature about stone column reinforced soils. Afterwards, numerical modeling of stone column reinforced soft clays is done. Three different cases are chosen on different foundation soils mainly soft clays. Parametric studies are done to determine influence of parameters on settlement reduction ratio under three different foundation conditions. Analyses are converted to two dimensional conditions and this conversion is also compared within the scope of this study. Settlement reduction ratio response to variation in parameters revealed similar results under three different foundation conditions.

In this research, the dynamic behavior of a seismic isolation system composed of high strength geotextile placed over an ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene (UHMWPE) geomembrane (together called as composite liner) beneath the structure is investigated experimentally. The results of the shaking table experiments which were performed on model structures both under harmonic and modified earthquake motions with and without the seismic isolation (composite liner system), are presented in the thesis. The main focus is given on the potential improvement obtained by use of the composite liner system as compared to the unisolated cases. Based on the performed experiments, it is observed that the utilization of composite liner system provides significant reduction in the accelerations and interstorey drift ratios of structures under harmonic motions while signifant drop is obtained in the spectral accelerations under earthquake motions which provide noticeable improvement in the durability of structures under dynamic effects at the expense of increased translational displacements.

The intent of this paper is to present the reader will enough information to spark a curiosity in to the subject. By no means is the following a complete formulation of any of the topics covered. I want to give the reader a tour of the mathematical landscape. There are plenty of further details to explore in each section, I have just touched the tip the iceberg. The work is basically in four sections: Numbers, Geometry, Functions, Sets and Logic, which are the basic building blocks of Math. The first sections are a exposition into the mathematical objects and their algebras. The last section dives into the foundation of math, sets and logic, and develops the ``language'' of Math. My hope is that after this, the reader will have the necessary (maybe not sufficient) information needed to talk the language of Math.

This thesis deals with the question of what resources are necessary and sufficient for quantum computational speedup. In particular, we study what resources are required to promote fault tolerant stabilizer computation to universal quantum computation. In this context we discover a remarkable connection between the possibility of quantum computational speedup and negativity in the discrete Wigner function, which is a particular distinguished quasi-probability representation for quantum theory. This connection allows us to establish a number of important results related to magic state computation, an important model for fault tolerant quantum computation using stabilizer operations supplemented by the ability to prepare noisy non-stabilizer ancilla states. In particular, we resolve in the negative the open problem of whether every non-stabilizer resource suffices to promote computation with stabilizer operations to universal quantum computation. Moreover, by casting magic state computation as resource theory we are able to quantify how useful ancilla resource states are for quantum computation, which allows us to give bounds on the required resources. In this context we discover that the sum of the negative entries of the discrete Wigner representation of a state is a measure of its usefulness for quantum computation. This gives a precise, quantitative meaning to the negativity of a quasi-probability representation, thereby resolving the 80 year debate as to whether this quantity is a meaningful indicator of quantum behaviour. We believe that the techniques we develop here will be widely applicable in quantum theory, particularly in the context of resource theories.

An adoption model was proposed to examine the influence of four types of organizational factors- organizational capacity, organizational structure, operating environment and grantmaking orientation- on the adoption of four effectiveness best practices, formal evaluation, knowledge management, leadership development and operating grants in philanthropic foundations. Data were collected from a national survey of foundations and the Foundation Center database. The results indicate that the grantmaking orientation of a foundation is the greatest indicator of adoptive behavior. Furthermore, capacity constraints are most relevant to the adoption decision when the adopting practice requires significant investments of time, money and expertise. Given the social and political context in which the effectiveness best practices are associated, this dissertation research has broad relevance for the ways in which foundation behavior is perceived and the means by which that behavior is shaped through policy and practice.

An adoption model was proposed to examine the influence of four types of organizational factors- organizational capacity, organizational structure, operating environment and grantmaking orientation- on the adoption of four effectiveness best practices, formal evaluation, knowledge management, leadership development and operating grants in philanthropic foundations. Data were collected from a national survey of foundations and the Foundation Center database. The results indicate that the grantmaking orientation of a foundation is the greatest indicator of adoptive behavior. Furthermore, capacity constraints are most relevant to the adoption decision when the adopting practice requires significant investments of time, money and expertise. Given the social and political context in which the effectiveness best practices are associated, this dissertation research has broad relevance for the ways in which foundation behavior is perceived and the means by which that behavior is shaped through policy and practice.