Submitted by Morgana Andrade (morgana.andrade@ufes.br) on 2016-03-22T20:11:52Z No. of bitstreams: 2 license_rdf: 23148 bytes, checksum: 9da0b6dfac957114c6a7714714b86306 (MD5) claudia souza dourado.pdf: 4714028 bytes, checksum: d70a0409ba45d348fc5581ff80419efe (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Patricia Barros (patricia.barros@ufes.br) on 2016-03-23T15:18:25Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 2 license_rdf: 23148 bytes, checksum: 9da0b6dfac957114c6a7714714b86306 (MD5) claudia souza dourado.pdf: 4714028 bytes, checksum: d70a0409ba45d348fc5581ff80419efe (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-03-23T15:18:25Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 license_rdf: 23148 bytes, checksum: 9da0b6dfac957114c6a7714714b86306 (MD5) claudia souza dourado.pdf: 4714028 bytes, checksum: d70a0409ba45d348fc5581ff80419efe (MD5) / CAPES / Introdução: A relação entre eventos de vida e o surgimento e progressão do câncer de mama tem sido investigada por alguns estudos. Objetivo: Identificar os eventos de vida ocorridos em mulheres com diagnóstico de câncer de mama, examinar o tempo transcorrido entre o evento e o diagnóstico, examinar a associação entre a sobrecarga ocasionada pelo evento no momento da ocorrência e após o diagnóstico e examinar a associação entre metástase e eventos de vida pós diagnóstico de câncer de mama. Metodologia: Estudo transversal realizado no Hospital Santa Rita de Cássia, Vitória – ES. Compõe-se a amostra por 300 mulheres. Coletaram-se os dados no período de setembro a dezembro de 2014. Utilizou-se o instrumento Life Events Units – LEU/VAS que se baseia na Escala de Avaliação de Reajustamento Social de Holmes e Rahe, que no Brasil foi adaptada por Vasconcellos. Utilizou-se o Pacote Estatístico para Ciências Sociais (SPSS), versão 20.0, para calcular a frequência, média, mediana, desvio padrão e aplicar os testes não paramétrico de Wilcoxon e qui-quadrado. Resultados: A média de idade foi de 53 anos. Predominou-se mulheres de raça/cor não branca (65%), com menos de 8 anos de estudo (64%) e casadas (54%). Identificou-se que a maioria da amostra relatou pelo menos um evento de vida (99,3%). O principal evento de vida relatado foi morte de alguém na família. As medianas do tempo transcorrido entre os eventos de vida mais relatados e o diagnóstico de câncer de mama variaram de 5 a 15 anos. Observou-se diferença significante (p< 0,05) entre a sobrecarga ocasionada pelos eventos de vida nos dois momentos examinados. Em relação à metástase, 31,7% das que tiveram recidivas relataram um ou mais eventos de vida (p= 0,001). Quando considerado o tempo transcorrido entre o diagnóstico e o surgimento da metástase nas 46 mulheres, observou-se uma mediana de 18,0 meses. Conclusão: Os resultados deste estudo são potencialmente importantes, pois dão suporte a uma possível interação entre eventos de vida pós diagnóstico de câncer de mama e metástase. Estudos futuros são necessários para melhor compreensão desta relação. / Introduction: The relationship between life events and the onset and progression of breast cancer has been investigated by some studies. Objective: To identify the life events in women diagnosed with breast cancer, to examine the time between the event and the diagnosis of breast cancer and to examine the association between the overhead caused by the event at the time of occurrence and after diagnosis of these women. Methods: Cross-sectional study conducted at Hospital Santa Rita de Cássia, Vitória - ES. Consists the sample of 300 women. The data-collected from September to December 2014. We used the instrument Life Events Units – LEU/VAS that is based on the Social Readjustment Rating Scale of Holmes and Rahe, that in Brazil was adapted by Vasconcellos. Data were analyzed with the Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS), version 20.0, to calculate the frequency frequency, mean, median and standard deviation and apply the non-parametric Wilcoxon and chi-square tests. Results: The mean age was 53 years. Predominated women with race/color non-white (65%), with less than 8 years of education (64%) and married (54%). It was found that most of the sample reported at least one life event (99,3%). The main reported life event was the death of someone in the family. The median time interval between the most reported life events and the diagnosis of breast cancer ranged from 5 to 15 years. It was observed significant difference (p <0.05) between the overload caused by life events in the two examined moments. In relation to metastasis, 31.7% of those who have relapsed reported one or more life events (p = 0.001). When considering the time between diagnosis and the onset of metastasis in 46 women, a median of 18.0 months was observed. Conclusion: The results of this study are potentially important as they support a possible interaction between life events after diagnosis of breast cancer and metastasis. Future studies are needed to better understand this relationship.

: Stroke är ett samlingsnamn för kärlsjukdomar i hjärnan som ger upphov till akuta symtom. Vid stroke drabbas hjärnans vävnad av bristande blodtillförsel (ischemi). Orsaker till ischemi kan var blödning eller tilltäppning från en central artär . Patienterna som överlever stroke har ofta någon typ av fysisk funktionsnedsättning kvar. Detta kan medföra känslomässiga och kognitiva komplikationer, vilket i sin tur kan leda till isolering. Däremot finns det patienter som har hopp och acceptans trots tillståndet. Syfte : Syftet med denna litteraturstudie var att beskriva patienters erfarenheter efter en stroke. Vidare var syftet med studien att beskriva de inkluderade artiklarnas undersökningsgrupp. Metod : Vår metod var en litteraturstudie av deskriptiv design som grundar sig i tolv vetenskapliga artiklar. Artiklarna valdes från databaserna PubMed och Cinahl. Huvudresultat : Resultatet i studien visar på att patienter efter stroke ofta lider av någon grad av funktionsnedsättning, kognitiva eller känslomässig som leder till isolering. Dock får vissa patienter acceptansen av det nya tillståndet och bestämmer sig för att hantera sin vardag genom att lära sig nya sätt som är anpassade till nya aktiviteter. Slutsats : Samtliga deltagare har fått ett annorlunda liv med olika grad och form av funktionshinder som påverkar deras liv. Det dagliga livet blev svårare att hantera vilket ofta ledde till psykisk påfrestning. För de, med låg KASAM, som inte kunde acceptera sin förändrade livssituation kunde påfrestningarna medför isolering från omvärlden. Att var beroende av närstående kunde vara krävande men av stor betydelse under hela återhämtningsprocessen. Nyckelord :

Made available in DSpace on 2014-06-11T19:28:20Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2010-11-25Bitstream added on 2014-06-13T18:32:41Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 delarmelindo_rca_me_botfm.pdf: 1041946 bytes, checksum: ae8d2cd9eb50b42d51a5e4f379017b5a (MD5) / Secretaria de Saúde do Estado de São Paulo / Trata-se de um estudo de natureza qualitativa, com os objetivos de: compreender a experiência de mulheres com incontinência urinária e elaborar um modelo teórico representativo da mesma. A saturação teórica se deu mediante a análise da 18ª entrevista não diretiva, segundo a Teoria Fundamentada nos Dados, conhecida internacionalmente como Grounded Theory. Deste processo, emergiram dois fenômenos: convivendo com os desafios da Incontinência Urinária (IU) e vivenciando a esperança e a desilusão de reabilitar-se da IU. Do realinhamento dos componentes (temas, categorias e subcategoria) provindos dos fenômenos emergiu a categoria central, denominada: entre o sofrimento e a esperança: o apoio e o acesso à reabilitação da IU como componente interveniente. Da análise à luz do Interacionismo Simbólico, verificou-se que a gravidez e o parto vaginal emergem como símbolos de vulnerabilidade da mulher ao sofrimento de conviver com o desafio moral e fisiopsicossocial da IU. Assim como, a inferência de que a desconsideração do Sistema Único de Saúde (SUS) com investimentos no processo de reabilitação da IU possa estar fragilizando os próprios programas de incentivo ao parto vaginal. Ademais, aponta a perpetuação do sofrimento da mulher com a IU, na maioria das vezes, impossibilitada de acesso ao processo de reabilitação que poderia garantir uma melhor qualidade de vida, por falta de programas incentivados pelas políticas públicas, em oferecer uma assistência voltada às reais necessidades dessas usuárias do SUS / This qualitative study aimed at understanding the experience of women with urinary incontinence as well at developing a theoretical model of such experience. Theoretical saturation occurred by examining the 18th non-directive interview, according to the Grounded Theory. This process showed two phenomena: living with the challenges of urinary incontinence (UI) and experiencing the hope and disappointment of rehabilitating from UI. The core category emerged from the realignment of the components (themes, categories and subcategories) stemming from the phenomena and it was denominated between suffering and hope: support and access to rehabilitation from UI as an intervenient component. Analysis in light of Symbolic Interactionism showed that pregnancy and vaginal delivery emerge as symbols of women's vulnerability to the suffering of living with the moral and physio-psycho-social challenge of UI. It was also inferred that the disregard from the Brazilian Unified Health System (SUS) towards investments in the process of UI rehabilitation may be weakening its own programs of encouragement to vaginal delivery. Moreover, it shows the perpetuation of the suffering of women with UI, who, in most cases, are unable to access rehabilitation processes that could ensure a better quality of life due to the lack of programs sponsored by public policies and targeted at meeting the real needs of users of the public health system

Este estudo objetivou descrever e analisar o processo inclusãoexclusão social na trajetória de vida das pessoas em sofrimento psíquico, na pós-modernidade. A coleta de dados foi realizada no Projeto Tear, que é um projeto de geração de renda em Guarulhos, por meio de entrevistas semi-estruturadas. A História Oral de vida foi usada como referencial metodológico e possibilitou a compreensão das histórias individuais, respeitando suas diferenças e seu caráter histórico. Participaram do estudo sete colaboradores. Os dados foram interpretados, de acordo com a análise de conteúdo. Do discurso dos entrevistados, emergiram quatro categorias que visaram compreender os aspectos do processo inclusão - exclusão social que são: aspectos políticos, relacionais, subjetivos e material. Cada aspecto foi subdividido em processos de exclusão e de inclusão. Estes aspectos foram apresentados separadamente para não excluir as diferentes dimensões, garantindo, assim, a discussão de todas as facetas do fenômeno, porém relacionam-se de forma dialética. Ao final das análises, verificou-se a complexidade da temática, pois a exclusão social não está apenas na segregação física das pessoas mas sim em uma lógica de segregação que ultrapassa os manicômios. Observou-se também que o estigma e o preconceito funcionam como barreiras para a inclusão social. Verificou-se, ainda, que a assistência em saúde mental na perspectiva da Clínica Ampliada é uma potência para a inclusão social das pessoas em sofrimento psíquico, assim, como qualquer intervenção que promova o empoderamento, a cidadania, a autonomia, a criação de possibilidades, a produção de sociabilidades e de subjetividades e a produção de sentido de vida. Apesar das conquistas obtidas pela Reforma Psiquiátrica nas dimensões políticas, assistenciais, socioculturais e epistemológicas, a mudança paradigmática e as novas tecnologias de cuidado ainda estão no começo e devem continuar a surgir para assegurar a inclusão das pessoas em sofrimento psíquico, ampliando, assim, o empoderamento e a cidadania dessas pessoas. / This study had as objective to describe and analyze the process of social inclusion exclusion along the life of people under psychic distress in post modernity. The data collection was carried out at Projeto Tear, which is a project for the generation of income in Guarulhos, through semi-structured interviews. The Oral history of life was used as methodological reference and enabled the comprehension of the individual histories, respecting its differences and its historicalness. Seven contributors participated in the study. The data were interpreted according to the analysis of the contents. From the discourse of the interviewees, four categories that aim to understand the aspects of the process of social inclusion exclusion emerged , such as: political aspects; relational, subjective and material, each aspect was subdivided in processes of exclusion and inclusion. These aspects were presented separately not to exclude the different dimensions to guarantee the discussion of all the facets of the phenomenon, however they relate in a dialectical way. By the end of the analysis, it was verified the complexity of the subject, because the exclusion is not only in physical segregation of people but yet in a logic of segregation that surpass the asylums. It was observed as well that the stigma and the prejudice work as barriers for the social inclusion. It was verified, yet, that the assistance in mental health, by the perspective of Amplified Clinic (Clínica Ampliada), is a power for the social inclusion of people under psychic distress, as well as any kind of intervention that promote the empowerment, the citizenship, autonomy, the creation of possibilities, the production of sociability and subjectivity and the production of meaning in life. Despite the achievements of the Psychiatric Reform in political, assistant, socio-cultural and epistemological dimensions, the paradigmatic changing and the new technologies of nursing are still in the beginning and they must continue arising to assure the inclusion of people under psychic distress, amplifying, this way, the empowerment and the citizenship of these people.

M.A. / This study uses the salutogenic model as a departure point to focus on the sense of coherence (SOC) of women who had to overcome a crisis. Stressors come in many forms but this study focuses specifically on the husband's extramarital affair. After (or during) the initial shock the woman has to make a decision regarding her marriage. Women were considered in regard to the decisions they made, namely to stay in the marriage or to leave it. The first hypothesis stated that the SOC of the women who decided to leave the relationship would be higher than that of the other group. The second hypothesis stated that there would be differences amongst the three components of the SOC (meaningfulness, manageability and comprehension) for the two groups. Meaningfulness would measure higher for the group that decided to end their marriages. Manageability and comprehension would measure higher for the group that decided to stay in their marriages. These different components were quantitatively measured using Antonovsky's SOC-scale. A biographical questionnaire and a qualitative question regarding the reason for the decision that was made, was also included. Although the two hypotheses were not supported, important findings did emerge from the study. The women that left their marriages were found to be more satisfied with their decision than the other group. Women's SOC who felt satisfied or very satisfied with their decision measured higher than those that felt neutral, dissatisfied or very dissatisfied with their decision. This suggests that it is more important that women make decisions that are congruent with their values and views of the marriage, than whether the decision was to terminate or continue with the marriage. This could be valuable information for practitioners working in the field. In addition, it was also found that women who got married at 22 years or older, had a higher SOC than women who got married before they were 22. This suggests that SOC continues to develop with maturity and challenges the notion that SOC ceases to develop into adulthood. Future longitudinal research covering the changes of SOC during the lifespan of a relationship would probably shed light on this issue.

M.A. / The present study has been undertaken to investigate the relationship between sense of coherence and emotional intelligence. 92 respondents, who work in organisations and who were willing to complete the questionnaires, participated in the study. Sense of coherence has been measured by means of a sense of coherence questionnaire (Antonovsky, 1987). Emotional intelligence has been measured by means of an emotional intelligence questionnaire (Schutte, Malouff, Hall, Haggerty, Cooper, Golden & Dornheim, 1997). Various statistical techniques have been employed to test the research hypothesis. The first step in the data-analysis process has been the evaluation of the psychometric properties of the measuring instruments. The second step has been the calculation of the intercorrelation of the sense of coherence and emotional intelligence scales and subscales. The intercorrelations between the subscales were subsequently subjected to a principal factor analysis with iterated communalities and Direct Oblimin rotation. The number of factors were determined by means of a Scree test, theoretical expectations and the interpretability of the factor structure. During the third step the total score of the emotional intelligence questionnaire of the dependent variable and the subscales of the sense of coherence questionnaire as independent variables were used in a multiple-regression analysis. The same procedure was followed during step four, but this time the total score of the sense of coherence questionnaire was specified as a dependent variable and the subscales of the emotional intelligence questionnaire were specified as independent variables. The results show a moderate positive relationship between emotional intelligence and sense of coherence. This relationship can be attributed mainly to the effect of the two subscales, namely optimism (emotional intelligence) and meaningfulness (sense of coherence). Individuals who are optimistic appear to have a high level of sense of coherence. Similarly, it appears that individuals who perceive their lives as meaningful are emotionally intelligent. However, no statement regarding the causal relationship between the variables can be made. This research can be applied in further research with a view to determine the role of emotional intelligence in stress management. In addition, the role that emotions play in the sense of coherence of individuals and resilience can also be investigated.

M.A. (Psychology) / Please refer to full text to view abstract

Adult education is shaped by the socio-cultural and historical context in which it occurs. Hong Kong is confronting immense social change as it will cease to be a colony of the United Kingdom and become a Special Administrative Region of the People's Republic of China in 1997. The reversion of sovereignty to China in 1997 is already changing the political, social, and cultural context although the Sino-British Joint Declaration (initialled on September 26, 1984 and formally took, effect on May 27, 1985) stipulated that Hong Kong's existing capitalist system and life-style would remain unchanged for 50 years after 1997. However, by 1989, it was clear that what people were "thinking" or "believing" about the situation was having a more potent effect on Hong Kong than legal documents or slogans such as "one country, two systems." Thus, this study was largely couched within a phenomenological frame of reference. The situation of Hong Kong is unprecedented and people face uncertainty as they enter the run-up to 1997. The "city of jitters" is undergoing a process of decolonization on the one hand and integration with Mainland China on the other. Adult education helps people prepare for change, but at the same time, is shaped by people's ideas of what the present situation is and what the future will be like. The purposes of this study were: 1. To obtain estimates concerning the anticipated changes in the content and processes of adult/continuing education (ACE) in the run-up to 1997. 2. To establish the extent to which socio-demographic variables of respondents explained variance in estimates (concerning the anticipated changes in the content and processes of ACE). 3. To establish the extent to which the political orientations of respondents explained variance in estimates (concerning the anticipated changes in the content and processes of ACE). 4. To examine the relationships between respondents1 "emigration intentions" and their estimates (concerning the anticipated changes in the content and processes of ACE). This was an ex post facto study in which 122 Hong Kong adult educators completed questionnaires which asked them to make estimates concerning the future content and processes of adult education. Following this, the researcher examined the extent to which the respondents' socio-demographic characteristics (and political orientations) explained variance in estimates (concerning the content and processes of adult education). Respondents claimed that in the run-up to 1997, for people staying, interests in "Management," "China Studies" and "Business & Commerce" programs will increase strongly. They believed that people leaving Hong Kong temporarily or leaving permanently will be greatly interested in "Technical Training" programs but their interests in "Law," "China Studies" and "Social Sciences" will decrease. Respondents thought that in the run-up to 1997, the use of adult education methods and techniques will increase (generally and in the workplace). They claimed that there will a larger increase in the use of "Courses By Computer" in Hong Kong generally and in the workplace. Age and educational qualification of respondents were significantly related to their estimates concerning the anticipated changes in ACE. There was no significant association between respondents' political orientations and their estimates. Nor were their "emigration intentions" significantly related to estimates. It appears that, in general, the structional-functional approach to adult education will remain. / Education, Faculty of / Educational Studies (EDST), Department of / Graduate

This study examined, via a meta-analysis, the relations among stressors, social support, and stress reactions. Unexpectedly, small to medium negative, but robust effect sizes were found for the stressors-social support relation. As expected the stressor-stress reaction relation was positive, and the social support-stress reaction relation was negative. Both relations had small to medium effect sizes that ranged from weak to very robust. The direct effect of social support on the stressor-stress reaction was generally supported, whereas the suppressor and mediating models were not supported. Furthermore, the findings were inconclusive for the moderator effect of social support. Non-interpersonal traumas appear different in the stressor-social support and social support-stress reaction relations compared to other trauma types. These findings have important clinical implications.

Bakgrund: Hjärtinfarkt är en av de vanligaste sjukdomarna som leder till plötslig död runt om i världen. I Sverige insjuknar varje år 25300 av hjärtinfarkt. Stress, ångest, depression och en ohälsosam livsstil är några riskfaktorer som ökar risken för att drabbas av en hjärtinfarkt. Efter en hjärtinfarkt så krävs det livsstilsförändringar för att uppnå god hälsa, exempelvis fysisk aktivering, hälsosamma kostvanor och rökstopp. Syftet med denna litteraturstudie var att beskriva hur personer upplever sin vardag och livsstilsförändringar efter en hjärtinfarkt. Metod, detta examensarbete är en litteraturstudie som utgår ifrån 12 artiklar med både kvalitativ och kvantitativ ansats. Artiklarna som valdes ut överensstämmer med studien syfte. Databasen MedLine via PubMed användes för att leta upp artiklarna. Huvudresultatet i studien visar att många personer upplever problem i vardagen efter en hjärtinfarkt och har svårigheter att anpassa sig till de livsstilsförändringar som är nödvändiga efter en hjärtinfarkt. Resultatet visar att personens psykiska, emotionella, fysiska hälsa kan påverkas till det sämre efter en hjärtinfarkt. Detta kan leda till problem i det vardagliga livet, förhållanden och samlivet. Slutsatsen, hjärtinfarkt kan leda till en emotionell, existentiell och fysisk dagligt kamp. Sjuksköterskan ska kunna ge stöd, information och rehabilitering till vederbörande så att de kan återgå till ett mer hälsosamt vardagligt liv. Personer kan behöva få hjälp med olika copingstrategier av sjuksköterskan för att kunna hantera den nya livssituationen bättre. Personers erfarenheter och upplevelser av det dagliga livet kan ge sjuksköterskan värdefull kunskap, vilket kan förbättra den framtida vården för vederbörande. / Background: Myocardial infarction is one of the most common diseases that lead to sudden death around the world. In Sweden, 25300 people is affected by MI each year. Stress, anxiety, depression and an unhealthy lifestyle are just some risk factors that increase the risk of MI. After a MI, lifestyle changes are required to achieve good health, such as physical activation, healthy diets and smoking cessation. Aim, the purpose of this literature study was to describe how people experience their everyday life and lifestyle changes after a MI. Method, this thesis is a descriptive study that is based on 12 articles with both qualitative and quantitative approach. The articles selected correspond to the purpose of the study. The PubMed database via MedLine was used to find the articles. Main results, the study shows that many patients experience problems in everyday life after a MI and have difficulty adjusting to the lifestyle changes that are necessary after a MI .The result shows that people's mental, emotional, physical health and social life are negatively affected after a MI. This can lead to problems in everyday life, like relationships and intimacy. In conclusion, MI can lead to an emotional, existential and physical daily struggle. The nurse should be able to provide support, information and rehabilitation to the person concerned so that they can return to a more healthy everyday life. People may also need help with different coping strategies by the nurse to better handle the new life situation. People’s experiences of the daily life can provide the nurse with valuable knowledge, which can improve the future care for the person concerned.