Submitted by admin tede (tede@pucgoias.edu.br) on 2016-10-17T13:45:05Z No. of bitstreams: 1 FERNANDA FONSECA CRUVINEL DE OLIVEIRA.pdf: 5485434 bytes, checksum: e5b28161378c4295121b755552f107d1 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-10-17T13:45:05Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 FERNANDA FONSECA CRUVINEL DE OLIVEIRA.pdf: 5485434 bytes, checksum: e5b28161378c4295121b755552f107d1 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-05-05 / This research work understanding the rural community of Palestina de Goiás about the local rock art, drawing a parallel between scientific interpretation and the interpretation of the community , in order to relativize the concept of cultural heritage and archaeological as well as the social impact scientific constructions. Therefore interviews were conducted , following semi-structured methodology and qualitative analysis . The analysis of the different narratives confronts the unilateral view of science , as well as other knowledge values and interpretations . / A presente pesquisa trabalha o entendimento da comunidade rural de Palestina de Goiás a respeito da arte rupestre local, traçando um paralelo entre a interpretação científica e a interpretação da comunidade, com o intuito de relativizar o conceito de patrimônio cultural e arqueológico assim como o alcance social das construções científicas. Para tanto foram realizadas entrevistas, seguindo metodologia semiestruturada e análise qualitativa dos dados. A análise das diferentes narrativas confronta a visão unilateral da ciência, assim como valoriza outros saberes e interpretações.

A exploração desenfreada de recursos genéticos e o embate entre o meio ambiente e as demandas da sociedade tecnológica, geram tendências alarmantes. Uma delas diz respeito à perda da diversidade biológica e de comunidades locais e dos seus conheciemntos tradicionais. A Convenção sobre Biodiversidade (CB), parte da Ordem Ambiental Internacional declara o direito soberano dos países sobre sua biodiversidade. Ela também é o principal instrumento internacional a reconhecer a importância e a necessidade de proteção aos conheciemntos e práticas tradicionais associados aos recursos genéticos. Seu alcance vai além da conservação e utilização sustentável da biodiversidade, abrangendo o acesso aos recursos genéticos e a repartição justa e eqüitativa dos benefícios originários do seu uso. Neste debate insere-se a Bolívia, detentora de uma importante fonte de patrimônio genético do planeta. O país alia à diversidade biológica uma grande diversidade étnica e cultural baseada principalmente na variedade de recursos genéticos ofertados pela natureza, que possibilitam a sobrevivência das comunidades locais em seus vários ecosssistemas. Assim, nosso principal objetivo no trabalho será a análise da incorporação dos princípios da Convenção sobre Biodiversidade na legislação da Bolívia e das suas repercussões nas comunidades locais do país. Para tanto, analisamos a Ordem Ambiental Internacional, a CB e a regulação dos conhecimentos tradicionais produzidos pelas comunidades locais da Bolívia. Os direitos das comunidades locais e a gestão dos recursos genéticos do país também serão contemplados à luz das normativas regionais e nacionais relacionadas à proteção e distribuição de benefícios às referidas comunidades. Pudemos constatar que na Bolívia a questão da biodiversidade vem sendo incorporada à legislação nacional e às políticas públicas, sendo que o principal desafio a ser enfrentado pelo país é a implementação de uma normativa que contemple os interesses dos diversos setores e comunidades do país, extremamente heterogêneo. Este trabalho busca colaborar para a interpretação da Ordem Ambiental Internacional. Desta forma, espera-se contribuir para o desenvolvimento do conhecimento geográfico no que se refere às implicaçãos locais dos tratados globais. / The free exploration of natural resources and the fight between the environment and technological society cause worries. One of these worries is the loss of biological diversity, local communities and traditional knowledge. The Biodiversity Convention, part of International Environmental Order,declares the sovereign Right of the contries about biodiversity. It is the main knowledge and traditional practices linked to genetic resources. Its comprehension goes beyond the conservation and the biodiversity sustainable appliance, which permits the access to genetic resources and to fair sharing of the benefits through its usage. In this debate, Bolivia can be inserted which owns an important source of the planet genetical patrimony. The contry adds to biological diversity a big ethnic and cultural biodiversity based on the variety of genetic resources from nature, which offers the survival of local communities and their ecosystems. Our main objective is to make an analysis of the incorporation of the principles of the Convention about Biodiversity in the Bolivia legislation and its effects in the contry local communities. For this reason, we analyzed the International Environmental Order, the Biodiversity Convention and the traditional knowledge regulation produced by the local communities from Bolivia. The Rights from the local communities and the conduct of the contry genetic resources can be seen through regional and national rules related to protection and distribuition of the benefits to the same communities. We could check that Bolivia biodiversity and the traditional knowledge can be incorporated to national legislation and to public politics. The great challenge to be faced through Bolivia is the implementation of rules that shows the interests of differents sections from a country extremely heterogeneous. This work intends to collaborate to the interpretation of Intenational Environmental Order. This way it is espected to contribute to the development of the geographical knowledge and its implications to global treaties.

Pagal atsakingumo savivaldybės bendruomenei principą, tarybos nariai už savo veiklą yra atsakingi ir atskaitingi rinkėjams ir visai savivaldybės bendruomenei, kurie yra susieti bendrais viešaisiais poreikiais ir interesais. Atsakingumo terminas reiškia piliečių galimybę dalyvauti sprendžiant valdžios institucijų funkcionavimo ir biudžeto naudojimo klausimus. Atskaitingumas – tai valstybės tarnautojų įsipareigojimas atsakingai veikti, atskaitingumo nebuvimas dažnai veda prie piknaudžiavimo turima valdžia. Atsakingumo savivaldybės bendruomenei principo laikymasis – svarbiausia savivaldybės atsovaujamosios ir vykdomosios valdžios veiklos efektyvumo, rezultatyvumo sąlyga, todėl būtina išanalizuoti, ar šis atsakingumo savivaldybės bendruomenei principas yra pakankamai įgyvendinamas šiose institucijose. Bakalauro baigiamojo darbo objektas – atsakingumo savivaldybės bendruomenei principas. Šiuo bakalauro darbu buvo siekiama atskleisti atsakingumo savivaldybės bendruomenei principą ir jo įgyvendinimą Telšių rajono savivaldybėje. Buvo išnagrinėta mokslinė literatūra, dokumentai, publicistiniai straipsniai, siekiant atskleisti atsakingumo savivaldybės bendruomenei principo sampratą, pagrindinius bruožus, šio principo santykį su kitais vietos savivaldos principais bei jo reglamentavimą teisės aktuose ir identifikuoti atsakingumo savivaldybės bendruomenei principo įgyvendinimo aspektus Telšių rajono savivaldybėje. Remiantis atliktu tyrimu, galima teigti, jog atsakingumo savivaldybės... [toliau žr. visą tekstą] / According to the principle of community responsibility municipal council members for their activities are responsible and accountable to the electorate and the entire local community, who are linked by common public needs and interests. Term refers to the possibility of citizens to participate in dealing with the authorities functioning and use of the budget issues. Accountability - it is the obligation of public servants to act responsibly; the lack of accountability often leads to abuses authorities available. Responsibility for local community principle - the most important local representative and executive performance, efficiency, provided it is therefore necessary to examine whether the local community responsibility principle is sufficiently implemented in these institutions. Bachelor final work task - the principle of accountability for the local community. This undergraduate work was intended to reveal the local community responsibility principle and its implementation at Telšiai district municipality. Was examined the scientific literature, documents, journalistic articles, in order to reveal the local community responsibility principle, the concept of the basic features of this principle in relation to other local self-governance, and the regulation of law and to identify the responsibility of implementing the principle of local community issues at Telšiai district municipality. According to the survey, could be said that the local community responsibility... [to full text]

Mémoire (M.P.M.O.)--Université du Québec à Chicoutimi, 1995. / Document électronique également accessible en format PDF. CaQCU

This research explores the development of sustainable tourism in destinations in the Baltic region and in the case of Visby, Gotland. The purpose is to contribute to the understanding how destination management organisations and local communities in these destinations work together to develop the destination. The aim is to investigate how these actors work together in practice and to compare the findings with an ideal collaborative approach. The research design consists of a mixed-method approach and uses two web-based questionnaires to investigate the destinations in the Baltic region and in-depth interviews to gain insights into the case of Visby, Gotland. The research findings provide information on how sustainable tourism is targeted and understood in the destinations and what drivers and barriers for a collaborative approach exist. The findings create a better understanding on how different actors in the destination work and why an ideal collaborative approach is a necessity for the development of a sustainable destination. Overall, the results shed light on the fact that an ideal collaboration can overcome the four major lacks (lack of communication, lack of knowledge, lack of responsibilities, and lack of support) as found in the destinations. This study provides an understanding of factors affecting the development of a collaborative approach and thereby, the development of sustainable tourism. Further, the study highlights how an ideal collaborative approach in a destination can foster sustainability in the tourism industry.

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento CientÃfico e TecnolÃgico / CoordenaÃÃo de AperfeiÃoamento de Pessoal de NÃvel Superior / O objetivo da presente pesquisa foi revisar o percurso teÃrico-metodolÃgico para o estudo de comunidades discursivas de Swales de forma que se pudesse dar conta de uma maneira mais apropriada de comunidades complexas como as comunidades online. Nossa suposiÃÃo foi a de que dada a complexidade de grupos como os blogueiros, aqui analisados, havia a necessidade de pesquisÃ-los tanto do ponto de vista de suas caracterÃsticas gerais como em relaÃÃo a possÃveis sub-grupos seus, formados a partir da especificaÃÃo dos objetivos gerais da comunidade blogueira como um todo. Dessa forma, em um primeiro momento desta dissertaÃÃo, procuramos propor uma reformulaÃÃo do conceito de comunidade discursiva, analisando-o numa perspectiva bifurcada que procure dar conta do aspecto macro, global, da comunidade, bem como das especificidades de seus sub-grupos. Para nomearmos esses elementos, utilizamo-nos dos termos comunidade discursiva global e comunidade discursiva local. Num segundo momento, procuramos aplicar essa revisÃo em um grupo de internautas conhecido como blogueiros. Para construÃÃo dos dados utilizamos como mÃtodo a etnometodologia dando Ãnfase Ãs falas dos membros, interpretadas a partir do entendimento do contexto maior de que fazem parte. Os resultados da anÃlise demonstraram que de fato a comunidade global blogueira à formada a partir de mÃltiplas comunidades locais, tendo sido descrita a comunidade local âbar do escritorâ, que possui em relaÃÃo Ãs caracterÃsticas da comunidade global blogueira especificidades tanto em relaÃÃo aos seus objetivos como Ãs suas demais caracterÃsticas, mas que se une Ãs demais comunidades locais blogueiras por partilhar os mesmos objetivos gerais e por estabelecer-se hierarquicamente no todo maior da comunidade global, o que a torna parte da comunidade global blogueira e nÃo uma comunidade discursiva isolada desta. / The aim of this research was to go over the theoretical-methodological way of studying discourse communities by Swales so that it was possible to account in a more suitable way on complex communities like those one find on online environment. Our hypothesis was based on the idea that because of the complexity of groups like the bloggers, for example, it was necessary to investigate them from their general characteristics as much as in relation to likely sub-groups, shaped from the specification of some objectives of the group as a whole. Therefore, in a first moment of this dissertation we tried to propose a review of the discourse community concept subdividing it into two related concepts: global discourse community and local discourse community. In a second moment, we tried to apply that review in an online group called bloggers. To get the necessary data for our analysis we used the ethnomethodology as a method, focusing in the members speeches which was interpreted based on the major context they take part of. The results of analysis indeed evidences that the blogger global discourse community is the result of multiple local discourse communities, one of them, called âbar do escritor (writterÂs bar), we described. This local community, if compared to his global community, presents specificities in relation to his objectives as much other singular characteristics, all of that tributary from the global community, so that it became it part of the blogger global community and not an aside discourse community. (247 words)

A exploração desenfreada de recursos genéticos e o embate entre o meio ambiente e as demandas da sociedade tecnológica, geram tendências alarmantes. Uma delas diz respeito à perda da diversidade biológica e de comunidades locais e dos seus conheciemntos tradicionais. A Convenção sobre Biodiversidade (CB), parte da Ordem Ambiental Internacional declara o direito soberano dos países sobre sua biodiversidade. Ela também é o principal instrumento internacional a reconhecer a importância e a necessidade de proteção aos conheciemntos e práticas tradicionais associados aos recursos genéticos. Seu alcance vai além da conservação e utilização sustentável da biodiversidade, abrangendo o acesso aos recursos genéticos e a repartição justa e eqüitativa dos benefícios originários do seu uso. Neste debate insere-se a Bolívia, detentora de uma importante fonte de patrimônio genético do planeta. O país alia à diversidade biológica uma grande diversidade étnica e cultural baseada principalmente na variedade de recursos genéticos ofertados pela natureza, que possibilitam a sobrevivência das comunidades locais em seus vários ecosssistemas. Assim, nosso principal objetivo no trabalho será a análise da incorporação dos princípios da Convenção sobre Biodiversidade na legislação da Bolívia e das suas repercussões nas comunidades locais do país. Para tanto, analisamos a Ordem Ambiental Internacional, a CB e a regulação dos conhecimentos tradicionais produzidos pelas comunidades locais da Bolívia. Os direitos das comunidades locais e a gestão dos recursos genéticos do país também serão contemplados à luz das normativas regionais e nacionais relacionadas à proteção e distribuição de benefícios às referidas comunidades. Pudemos constatar que na Bolívia a questão da biodiversidade vem sendo incorporada à legislação nacional e às políticas públicas, sendo que o principal desafio a ser enfrentado pelo país é a implementação de uma normativa que contemple os interesses dos diversos setores e comunidades do país, extremamente heterogêneo. Este trabalho busca colaborar para a interpretação da Ordem Ambiental Internacional. Desta forma, espera-se contribuir para o desenvolvimento do conhecimento geográfico no que se refere às implicaçãos locais dos tratados globais. / The free exploration of natural resources and the fight between the environment and technological society cause worries. One of these worries is the loss of biological diversity, local communities and traditional knowledge. The Biodiversity Convention, part of International Environmental Order,declares the sovereign Right of the contries about biodiversity. It is the main knowledge and traditional practices linked to genetic resources. Its comprehension goes beyond the conservation and the biodiversity sustainable appliance, which permits the access to genetic resources and to fair sharing of the benefits through its usage. In this debate, Bolivia can be inserted which owns an important source of the planet genetical patrimony. The contry adds to biological diversity a big ethnic and cultural biodiversity based on the variety of genetic resources from nature, which offers the survival of local communities and their ecosystems. Our main objective is to make an analysis of the incorporation of the principles of the Convention about Biodiversity in the Bolivia legislation and its effects in the contry local communities. For this reason, we analyzed the International Environmental Order, the Biodiversity Convention and the traditional knowledge regulation produced by the local communities from Bolivia. The Rights from the local communities and the conduct of the contry genetic resources can be seen through regional and national rules related to protection and distribuition of the benefits to the same communities. We could check that Bolivia biodiversity and the traditional knowledge can be incorporated to national legislation and to public politics. The great challenge to be faced through Bolivia is the implementation of rules that shows the interests of differents sections from a country extremely heterogeneous. This work intends to collaborate to the interpretation of Intenational Environmental Order. This way it is espected to contribute to the development of the geographical knowledge and its implications to global treaties.

The master's thesis, framed as a sociological case study, aims it's interest at the theme of neighborhood evolution at a pre-fabricated panel building area. The subject of interest is the reflection of neighborhood evolution given by the original residents of the research locality. The research locality is represented by the most populated street in Hradec Králové, Edvarda Beneše boulevard, which drew considerable attention both of lay and academic public at the time of it's emergence due to unique architectonic and urbanistic design. The defined research problem is the question asking about current state and underwent changes of a neighborhood situated at specific environment of a block-of- flats area located in a contemporary city, specifically in the most populated area of Hradec Králové statutory city. Also three separate research questions were formulated. They ask specifically about the current state of the neighborhood, it's underwent changes during time and the role of it's physical a geographical situatedness. The aim of the thesis was to perform complex exploration of current state and evolution of the studied phenomenon, both in social and physical dimension. The thesis doesn't provide description of the current state and evolution only, but it also identifies local relevant factors...

The diploma thesis focuses on the development cooperation and implementation of projects in local cultures using example of Ugandan community from the Lusanja village. The aim of this thesis is to describe the impact of development cooperation on the community and its expectations, to map the dialogue among the various actors of the project and to provide feedback to the Western non-profit organizations from the local culture. Based on field research conducted using ethnographic methods, the thesis brings an emic perspective of the local community to the Western idea of development cooperation. The emic perspective is mostly omitted from the development discourse, eventhough it could significantly affect the sustainability of implemented projects in developing countries. The thesis also covers the daily life of the Lusanja people. Key words: development cooperation, local community, NGOs, Uganda, sustainable development, ethnographic research

The challenges of sustainability and its complexities born out of overexploitation of resources, leading to climate change issues, food wastage, and scarcity, economic and health-related dilemmas, has yet to find their solution in top-down models, taking the form of hierarchical control (rulers), as such, researchers have considered other alternatives to how communities can tackle these issues, and one of such approach is the bottom-up model. Recent research and literature on collective action have focused on sequencing events like regime changes, riots, revolutions, protests, and the founding of social movement organizations. This study ethnographically investigated the relevant factors for collective action and factors influencing individual cooperation in the local community initiative, Food Rescue Gotland, through a four-week participant observation with eight in-depth interviews. The relevant factors identified in this context were a sense of community, passion for sustainability, good atmosphere for work, committed volunteers and trust, availability of resources and goodwill ambassadors, ease of participation, small size, effective communication, and good structure. Significant factors influencing individual cooperation include knowledge about sustainability, a sense of belonging, and a shared sense of community. This study contributes to the broader literature on successful collective action for sustainability in the context of local community initiatives. It contributes further to the replicability of this kind of local community initiative in other communities and awareness of its impact on Gotland Island, Sweden.