[pt] Esta tese tem como objetivo pensar o livro de segunda mão como objeto material inserido em um circuito urbano. Percorrendo o seu caminho e desenhando um mapa cultural, através de pesquisa de campo, os conceitos de profissão ou ofício, consumo, troca, patrimônio, valor econômico e simbólico, ordem e desordem, raridade, tempo e propriedade são destacados. Abordagens críticas questionam os movimentos de consumo colaborativo e a vinculação do livro velho nos sites de venda online, deste modo uberização do livro é uma expressão criada nesta tese para pensar parte do circuito envolvendo a internet. A cidade é ocupada pelos livros e pelos livreiros em dinâmicas circulares: eles transitam infinitas vezes indo e vindo por lugares conhecidos e circunscritos tradicionalmente; do lixo até o leilão de obras raras. As livrarias são Sebos de alfarrabistas geridas e habitadas por mestres e aprendizes transmitindo o ofício entre familiares; por outro lado, os sebos de rua shopping chão, os das calçadas e das feiras revelam elementos de informalidade e indeterminação econômica e espacial, perseguidos pela administração pública. O livro usado possui marcas das intervenções humanas e circunstanciais – rabiscos, rasgados, colagens, assinaturas, dedicatórias – que lhe conferem os signos de valor. É importante para os membros do circuito identificarem estas marcas para redistribuí-los através da elaboração de descrições e arrumações específicas para cada categoria de livro usado. Bibliófilos são consumidores de livros antigos, livreiros são consumidores de outros livreiros em instâncias diversas, catadores recebem livros daqueles que abandonam e depois vendem para livreiros que oferecem para colecionadores, estes podem abandonar mais uma vez os livros nas ruas ou no lixo, então o ciclo se renova em uma cartografia multissituada. / [en] This thesis aims to think of the second-hand book as material object inserted in an urban circuit. Traversing your way and drawing a cultural map, through fieldwork, the concepts of profession or trade, consumption, exchange, heritage, economic and symbolic value, order and disorder, rarity, time and property are highlighted. Critical approaches question the collaborative consumption movements and the linking of the old book to online selling sites, so book uberization is an expression created in this thesis to think about part of the circuit involving the internet. The city is occupied by books and booksellers in circular dynamics: they travel endlessly to and fro through traditionally known and circumscribed places; from the garbage to the rare books auction. Antiquarian bookstores are inhabited by masters and apprentices transmitting the craft among family members; on the other hand, the shopping chão, sidewalks and fairs (flea market) reveal elements of informality and economic and spatial indeterminacy, pursued by the government. The used book has marks of human and circumstantial interventions - scribbles, torn, collages, signatures, dedications - that give it the signs of value. It s important for circuit members to identify these marks in order to redistribute them through the elaboration of specific descriptions and arrangements for each category of used book. Bibliophiles are consumers of old books, booksellers are consumers of other booksellers in different instances, garbage collectors receive books from those they abandon and then sell to booksellers that they offer to books collectors, they can once again abandon books on the streets or in the garbage, then the cycle is renewed in a multi-sited cartography.

Syftet med denna studie är att genom en kombinerad metod undersöka vilka faktorer som påverkar konsumenters beslutsprocesser samt vad konsumenter upplever som inträngande på den personliga integriteten, i kontexten av personaliserad marknadsföring. För att uppnå studiens syfte har ett visst antal konsumenter undersökts genom semistrukturerade intervjuer samt via en enkät. Resultaten visar att tillförlitlighet, diverse betalningsalternativ, leverans- och returpolicyer samt olika förmåner är faktorer som påverkar konsumenters beslutsprocesser. Ännu en slutsats är att konsumenter upplever marknadsföring och erbjudanden om produkter och/eller tjänster de endast talat om som inträngande på den personliga integriteten. Dessa slutsatser baseras på respondenternas egna åsikter och tidigare upplevelser. / The purpose of this study is to, by using a combined method, investigate which factors influence consumers' decision-making processes and what consumers perceive as intrusive on personal integrity, in the context of personalized marketing. To achieve the purpose of the study, a certain number of consumers were surveyed through semi structured interviews and via a questionnaire. The results show that reliability, various payment options, delivery- and return policies and various benefits, are factors that affect consumers' decision-making processes. Another conclusion is that consumers experience marketing and offers of products and/or services they have only talked about as intrusive on personal privacy. These conclusions are based on the respondents' own opinions and previous experiences.

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[pt] Esta tese generaliza a variante multi-período do clássico problema da Árvore de Steiner com coleta de prêmios (PCST), que visa encontrar um subgrafo conexo que maximize os prêmios recuperados de nós conectados menos o custo de utilização das arestas conectadas. Este trabalho adicionalmente: (a) permite que vértices sejam conectados à árvore em diferentes períodos de tempo; (b) impõe um orçamento pré-definido em arestas selecionadas em um horizonte específico de períodos de tempo; e (c) limita o comprimento total de arestas que podem ser adicionadas em um período de tempo. Um algoritmo branch-and-cut é fornecido para este problema, avaliando satisfatoriamente instâncias benchmark da literatura, adaptadas para uma configuração multi-período, de até aproximadamente 2000 vértices e 200 terminais em tempo razoável. / [en] This thesis generalizes the multi-period variant of the classical Prizecollecting Steiner Tree Problem, which aims at finding a connected subgraph that maximizes the revenues collected from connected nodes minus the costs to utilize the connecting edges. This work additionally: (a) allows vertices to be added to the tree at different time periods; (b) imposes a predefined budget on edges selected over a specific horizon of time periods; and (c) limits the total length of edges that can be added over a time period. A branch-and-cut algorithm is provided for this problem, satisfactorily evaluating benchmark instances from the literature, adapted to a multi-period setting, up to approximately 2000 vertices and 200 terminals in reasonable time.

<p>By applying Canadian literary theory, museum theory, and material culture theory to 20th and 21st century Canadian literature, I argue that physical objects reflect Canada's continued engagement in colonial practices and the nation's resistance to acknowledging these practices. The act of selecting and including (which is also necessarily an act of excluding) objects in personal and institutional collections speak to the anxiety of the Euro-Canadian settler that is produced by a conflicting sense of privilege and colonial complicity. Collecting is a means of negotiating self- and shared knowledge, and by re-collecting and repatriating those things that haunt us we come closer to recognizing ourselves. Re-reading ourselves through objects will allow us to confront this anxiety and its implications, to destabilize the Euro-Canadian settler-as-victim, and to move forward as a nation.</p> / Master of Arts (MA)

The paper is an attempt to deal with the non-transferable cheque. Three questions have been addressed: (a) Whether sections 58, 79 and 83 apply to non-transferable cheques; (b) whether the non-transferability of a cheque implies only that a cambial transfer is excluded, but transfer by means of a ordinary cession is still possible; (c) whether the collecting and drawee banks can be held liable for damages to the owner of a non-transferable cheque. (a) It is clear that section 58 does not apply to non-transferable cheques. After the decision in Eskom, it is also clear that section 79 does apply to such cheques. Regarding the applicability of section 83 to non-transferable cheques, there is uncertainty. (b) Whether the rights arising from a non-transferable cheque can be transferred by means of an ordinary cession, it is not yet clear. (c) That a collecting bank can be held delictually liable under the extended lex Aquilia was decided in lndac Electronics. By way of analogy, the same applies to a drawee bank acting negligently. / Mercantile Law / LL.M.

The paper is an attempt to deal with the non-transferable cheque. Three questions have been addressed: (a) Whether sections 58, 79 and 83 apply to non-transferable cheques; (b) whether the non-transferability of a cheque implies only that a cambial transfer is excluded, but transfer by means of a ordinary cession is still possible; (c) whether the collecting and drawee banks can be held liable for damages to the owner of a non-transferable cheque. (a) It is clear that section 58 does not apply to non-transferable cheques. After the decision in Eskom, it is also clear that section 79 does apply to such cheques. Regarding the applicability of section 83 to non-transferable cheques, there is uncertainty. (b) Whether the rights arising from a non-transferable cheque can be transferred by means of an ordinary cession, it is not yet clear. (c) That a collecting bank can be held delictually liable under the extended lex Aquilia was decided in lndac Electronics. By way of analogy, the same applies to a drawee bank acting negligently. / Mercantile Law / LL.M.

The introduction of a regulatory framework in the area of collective management of rights in Nigeria must have been intended to strengthen the creative industry. Unfortunately, it has thrown this industry and in particular the music and film industries into a battle of a regulated against a non-regulated collective administration sector for upward of twenty (20) years. My choice of research on this topic could be attributed to the interest I developed while administering the collective administration desk at the Nigerian Copyright Commission. Serving on that desk afforded the opportunity to see the frustration of right owners who were being deprived the fruit of their labor, as the societies meant to collect and distribute royalties on their behalf were enmeshed in litigations and in the process, rarely paid any royalties to authors. Within this context, this research seeks to explore whether there is any merit in the continued existence of the current regulatory framework for collective management in Nigeria, and what the best operational framework for collective administration in Nigeria would be. A methodological approach entailing literature review of books, articles, journals, legislation, cases, reports of committees and interviews with experts was adopted, with critical analysis carried out on particularly the Nigerian Copyright Act, the Nigerian Copyright (collective management organisation) regulation, the South African Copyright Act, the South African Performers’ Protection Act, the South African Collecting Societies Regulation, as well as judicial decisions challenging certain provisions in the Nigerian legislation. It is hoped that this research will spur a desire for the need for supervisory and regulatory agencies of government to seek the national interest above all others in taking and making decisions that affect the collective administration of copyright and related rights. / Mercantile law / LL.M. (Intellectual Property)