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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
41

Rela??es de coopera??o em cons?rcios p?blicos de regi?es metropolitanas: an?lises do CONDIAM/PB e cons?rcio grande Recife

Nascimento, Alex Bruno Ferreira Marques do 31 August 2012 (has links)
Made available in DSpace on 2014-12-17T13:53:34Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 AlexBFMN_DISSERT.pdf: 2231149 bytes, checksum: c09ca7ac40bf0bd19e07f774c2033225 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2012-08-31 / Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cient?fico e Tecnol?gico / With the disorganized decentralization occurred in Brazil after the 1988 Constitution, municipalities have risen to the level of federal entities. This phenomenon became known as "municipalism" also brought some negative effects such as low capacity financial, economic and political of these entities. In the face of this reality , the municipalities sought in models of collaborative features to address public policy issues ultrarregionais, one of these models are the Public Consortia. Characterized as the organization of all federal entities that aim to solve public policy implementation alone that they could not, or spend great resources for such. This reality of the municipalities have an aggravating factor when looking at the situation in Metropolitan Regions (MRs). This is because the RMs has a historical process of formation that does not encourage cooperation, since that were created top-down during the military regime. Furthermore, the metropolitan municipalities have significant power asymmetries, localist vision, rigidity earmarked revenues, different scenarios conurbation, difficulty standardization of concepts and others that contribute to the vision of low cooperation of these metropolitan areas. Thus, the problem of this work is in the presence of collaborative arrangements, such as the Public Consortia in metropolitan areas, which are seen as areas of low cooperation. To elucidate this research was used for analysis the cases of CONDIAM/PB and Cons?rcio Grande Recife/PE, because they are apparently antagonistic, but with some points of similarity. The cases has as foundation the Theory of Common Resources, which provides the possibility of collective action through the initiative of individuals. This theory has as its methodology for analyzing the picture IAD Framework, which proposes its analysis based on three axes: external variables, the arena of action and results. The nature of the method of this research was classified as exploratory and descriptive. For the stage of date analysis, was used the method of document analysis and content, Further than of separation of the cases according to theur especificities. At the end of the study, noted that the CONDIAM/PB was a strategy of municipal government of Joao Pessoa to attract funds from the Federal Government for the purpose of to build a landfill, and over the years the ideology of cooperation was left aside, the prevailing view localist municipalities. In the case of Cons?rcio Grande Recife/PE, members act with some degree of cooperation, especially the collaborative aspect of the region, however, still prevails with greater strength the power of the state of Pernambuco in the decisions and paths of the consortium. Thus, was conclude that the Public Consortia analyzed are an experience of collaborative arrangement, from the initiative of members, as the theory of common resources says, but has not actually signed as a practice of collective action to overcome the dilemmas faced by metropolitan areas / Com a descentraliza??o ocorrida no Brasil ap?s a Constitui??o de 1988, os munic?pios se elevaram ao patamar de entes federados. Esse fen?meno, que ficou conhecido por municipalismo , tamb?m trouxe alguns efeitos perversos como a baixa capacidade financeira, econ?mica e pol?tica desses entes. Diante dessa realidade os munic?pios buscaram em modelos de car?ter colaborativo para solucionar problemas de pol?ticas p?blicas ultrarregionais, um desses modelos s?o os Cons?rcios P?blicos. Caracterizados como a organiza??o entre entes federados que visem ? solu??o implementa??o de pol?ticas p?blicas que sozinhos eles n?o conseguiriam, ou despenderiam grandes recursos para tal. Essa realidade dos munic?pios tem um agravante quando se observa a situa??o nas Regi?es Metropolitanas (RMs). Isso porque as RMs possuem um hist?rico processo de forma??o que n?o incentiva a coopera??o, j? que foram criadas de cima para baixo durante o regime militar. Al?m disso, os munic?pios metropolitanos t?m significativas assimetrias de poder, vis?o localista, rigidez de receitas vinculadas, diferentes cen?rios de conurba??o, dificuldade de padroniza??o dos conceitos, dentre outros que contribuem para a vis?o de baixa coopera??o dessas ?reas metropolitanas. Assim, a problem?tica desse trabalho est? na presen?a de arranjos colaborativos, como os Cons?rcios P?blicos, em Regi?es Metropolitanas, que s?o vistas como ?reas de baixa coopera??o. Para elucidar essa pesquisa, utilizou-se para an?lises os casos do CONDIAM/PB e Cons?rcio Grande Recife/PE, por serem aparentemente antag?nicos, mas com alguns pontos de semelhan?a. Os casos t?m como fundamenta??o a Teoria dos Recursos Comuns, que estabelece a possibilidade de a??o coletiva atrav?s da iniciativa dos indiv?duos. Essa teoria tem como metodologia de an?lise o quadro IAD Framework, que prop?e sua an?lise a partir de tr?s eixos: vari?veis externas, arena de a??o e resultados alcan?ados. A natureza do m?todo dessa pesquisa foi classificada como explorat?ria e descritiva. Para a etapa de an?lise dos dados, utilizou-se o m?todo de an?lise documental e de conte?do, al?m da separa??o dos casos de acordo com suas especificidades. Ao fim da pesquisa, observou-se que o CONDIAM/PB foi uma estrat?gia do Governo Municipal de Jo?o Pessoa para atrair recursos junto ao Governo Federal com o prop?sito de construir um aterro sanit?rio, e com o passar dos anos a ideologia de coopera??o foi deixada de lado, prevalecendo a vis?o localista dos munic?pios. No caso do Cons?rcio Grande Recife/PE, os membros atuam com certo grau de coopera??o, sobretudo pelo aspecto colaborativo da regi?o, entretanto, ainda prevalece com maior for?a o poder do Estado de Pernambuco nas decis?es e nos caminhos do cons?rcio. Assim, conclui-se que, os Cons?rcios P?blicos analisados s?o uma experi?ncia de arranjo colaborativo, a partir da iniciativa dos membros, como diz a teoria dos recursos comuns, mas ainda n?o se firmaram efetivamente como uma pr?tica de a??o coletiva que supere os dilemas enfrentados pelas Regi?es Metropolitanas
42

Estudo da biodegradação de corantes azóicos por inóculo proveniente de biodigestor anaeróbio de alimentos /

Almeida, Ana Carolina Maganha de. January 2008 (has links)
Orientador: Carlos Renato Corso / Banca: Sandra Mara Martins Franchetti / Banca: Sandra Regina Ceccato Antonini / Resumo: O uso de biodigestores anaeróbios é uma versátil alternativa para produção de biomassa microbiana a partir de resíduos orgânicos. O reaproveitamento das sobras alimentares, produzidas pelo Restaurante Universitário da Unesp Campus Rio Claro, foi o responsável pela produção de um Inóculo Líquido Residual (I.L.R.) utilizado como agente biodegradador e biossorvente para os corantes azóicos "Acid Yellow 25" e "Direct Violet 51" de importante destaque industrial. O projeto dividiu-se em duas etapas, a primeira contemplando a produção do inóculo em grande escala (biodigestor de fluxo contínuo) e a segunda em escala de laboratorial (biodigestor em batelada). Os resultados da análise microbiológica revelaram a presença predominante de bactérias acidogênicas e de leveduras em menor escala. Estes microrganismos foram aplicados como inóculo nas soluções dos dois corantes em condições variadas de pH (2,50; 4,50 e 6,50). A análise dos produtos formados a partir da interação com o I.L.R demonstraram as potencialidades biodegradativas e biossorventes do consórcio microbiano e sua ação diferenciada de acordo com a mudança de pH.As aminas aromáticas e sulfonadas, formadas após a redução da ligação azóica, foram estudada a partir do sobrenadante dos tratamentos dos corantes através do uso dos métodos difundidos do UV-Vis e do HPLC aliados às analises vanguardistas do FTIR. / Abstract: The use of anaerobic bioreactor is a versatile alternative for the production of microbial biomass from organic waste. The reuse of the leftovers from the University Restaurant of Unesp Rio Claro Campus, was responsible for producing a Residual Liquid Inoculum (R.L.I.) used as a biodegradator and biosorptive agent for two azo dyes Acid Yellow 25 and Direct Violet 51 with a major role in the industrial scenery. The project was divided in two steps, the first covering the production of the inoculum in large scale (continuous flow bioreactor) and the second in bench-scale (in-batch bioreactor) The results of the microbiological analysis revealed a predominant presence of acidogenic bacteria and a few yeasts. These microorganisms were used as inoculum in both dye solutions at different pH conditions (2.50, 4.50 and 6.50) The analysis of the resultant by-products demonstrated the biodegradation and biosorptive potential of the consortium and its differentiated pH-regulated action. The aromatic sulfonated amines, formed after the reduction of the azoic bounds, were studied through the spreaded analytic methods of UV-Vis and HPLC in conjunct with the vanguard of FTIR device. / Mestre
43

Cultivo do algodÃo agroecolÃgico no semiÃrido com Ãnfase no manejo de pragas: em busca da sustentabilidade. / Cotton on agro-ecological farming semiarid with emphasis on pest management: in search of sustainability

Gildo Pereira de AraÃjo 08 May 2013 (has links)
CoordenaÃÃo de AperfeiÃoamento de Pessoal de NÃvel Superior / O algodÃo jà foi a principal cultura cultivada no Nordeste, a sua produÃÃo alavancou o desenvolvimento de muitas cidades e contribuiu para o desenvolvimento da regiÃo semiÃrida. Ataque de pragas, baixas produtividades, alto custo de produÃÃo e baixa nos preÃos no mercado internacional, aliado a falta de assistÃncia tÃcnica adequada, contribuÃram para o declÃnio da cultura. Esta pesquisa tem o objetivo de estudar as alternativas mais eficazes de controle de pragas no algodoeiro agroecolÃgico, como tambÃm a organizaÃÃo coletiva dos agricultores, tendo em vista a otimizaÃÃo da produÃÃo do algodÃo em consÃcios agroecolÃgico na regiÃo do semiÃrido brasileiro. Os estudos foram desenvolvidos no campo experimental da Embrapa AlgodÃo em Barbalha-CE e no TerritÃrio do SertÃo do Araripe, estado de Pernambuco, em localidades assistidas pelo projeto algodÃo em consÃrcios agroecolÃgicos. Em Barbalha instalou-se o experimento para avaliaÃÃo dos produtos naturais, com o delineamento experimental em blocos ao acaso e com quatro repetiÃÃes, representado por seis tratamentos: T1-Testemunha (sem aplicaÃÃo), T2-Pimenta malagueta, T3-Caulim, T4-AzamaxÂ, T5-Rotenat e T6-PironatÂ. Os produtos foram aplicados a cada sete dias, seguidos de avaliaÃÃes tambÃm semanais, considerando o efeito dos tratamentos sobre a ocorrÃncia dos insetos pragas do algodoeiro e de seus inimigos naturais. O caulim foi o mais eficiente no controle do bicudo do algodoeiro, Anthonomus grandis Boheman, atrasando o inÃcio da infestaÃÃo. A pimenta malagueta nÃo foi eficiente no controle das pragas. Os produtos aplicados nÃo influenciaram na presenÃa de inimigos naturais, nem a produtividade e precocidade da cultura. Os agricultores aplicam diversos produtos naturais encontrados na prÃpria comunidade, participam de todas as etapas de produÃÃo, certificaÃÃo orgÃnica e comercializam seus produtos agroecolÃgicos a um preÃo justo, fortalecendo a organizaÃÃo coletiva. A maior renda à proveniente da venda da pluma do algodÃo orgÃnico, sendo a mamona, amendoim e gergelim boas alternativas para geraÃÃo de renda. Nas capacitaÃÃes dos agricultores o saber local à valorizado, provocando autoestima nas comunidades. A diversificaÃÃo permite ao agricultor um uso mais eficiente da terra, maior geraÃÃo de renda, seguranÃa alimentar e garantia de alimentaÃÃo para os animais. O cultivo do algodÃo em consÃrcios agroecolÃgicos pode representar uma possibilidade de reintroduÃÃo desta cultura na agricultura familiar do semiÃrido brasileiro. / The cotton was once the main crop grown in the Northeast, its production boosted the development of many cities and contributed to the development of the semiarid region. Pest attack, low productivity, high production costs and low prices on the international market, coupled with the lack of adequate technical assistance contributed to the decline of culture. This research aims to study the most effective alternatives for pest control in cotton agroecosystem, as well as the collective organization of farmers, with a view to optimizing the production of cotton in agroecological fellow members in the Brazilian semiarid region. The studies were carried out in the experimental field of Embrapa Cotton Barbalha-CE and Territory Hinterland Araripe, state of Pernambuco, in locations served by the project consortia agroecological cotton. Barbalha settled in the experiment for evaluation of natural products, with the experimental design of randomized blocks with four replicates, represented by six treatments: T1-Control (without application), T2-Pepper chili, Kaolin-T3, T4- Azamax Â, Rotenat Â-T5 and T6-Pironat Â. The products were applied every seven days, followed by weekly assessments also considering the effect of treatment on the occurrence of insect pests of cotton and their natural enemies. The kaolin was the most effective in controlling the boll weevil, Anthonomus grandis Boheman, delaying the onset of infestation. The chili was not effective in controlling pests. The products applied did not influence the presence of natural enemies, nor productivity and precocity of culture. The farmers apply various natural products found in the community, participate in all stages of production, organic certification and market their agroecological products at a fair price, strengthening the collective organization. The higher income is from the sale of organic cotton lint, with castor, groundnut and sesame good alternatives for income generation. In the training of farmers local knowledge is valued, causing self-esteem in the communities. Diversification allows farmers to more efficient use of land, greater income generation, food security and ensuring food for the animals. The cultivation of cotton in agroecological consortia may represent a possible reintroduction of this crop in the semiarid Brazilian family farming.
44

Caracterização e estudo do gerenciamento dos resíduos sólidos urbanos em um consórcio municipal do estado de pernambuco

MELO, Fernando Henrique Ferreira De Alves 15 December 2015 (has links)
Submitted by Irene Nascimento (irene.kessia@ufpe.br) on 2016-09-19T19:33:20Z No. of bitstreams: 2 license_rdf: 1232 bytes, checksum: 66e71c371cc565284e70f40736c94386 (MD5) Dissetacao FERNANDO HENRIQUE CORREÇÕES-DEFESA - FINAL.pdf: 4579522 bytes, checksum: e73435d4ab5a91c6938070db7c3beef4 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-09-19T19:33:20Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 license_rdf: 1232 bytes, checksum: 66e71c371cc565284e70f40736c94386 (MD5) Dissetacao FERNANDO HENRIQUE CORREÇÕES-DEFESA - FINAL.pdf: 4579522 bytes, checksum: e73435d4ab5a91c6938070db7c3beef4 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015-12-15 / CAPES / O aumento na geração de resíduos resultantes do modo de vida fundamentado no consumo em massa e a aceleração do crescimento populacional têm causado diversos impactos negativos, degradando os bens e serviços ambientais. No Brasil, os problemas originados pela má gestão municipal dos resíduos sólidos urbanos qualificam os RSU como um dos mais difíceis e complexos problemas enfrentados pela sociedade moderna. Aliada a isso, a escassez de recursos de infraestrutura e de recursos de ordem técnico-cientifica, tornam os resíduos sólidos urbanos um desafio de alta magnitude, sobretudo para os municípios de pequeno porte. Buscando alternativas para a promoção correta da gestão dos resíduos, que caminhem sinergicamente com o ordenamento jurídico, prevendo o tratamento e destinação por parte do gerador em locais ambientalmente adequados. As tecnologias de tratamento e disposição final de resíduos, fundamentadas em modelos de gestão, que adotem tecnologias contemporâneas, difundidas em países desenvolvidos são imprescindíveis no enfrentamento do problema. Ferramentas de apoio à decisão são fundamentais para auxiliar a escolha de métodos alternativos de tratamento e disposição final ambientalmente corretos, socialmente justos e economicamente viáveis. Essa realidade motivou a pesquisa que visa a utilização e estudo de uma ferramenta de apoio à decisão desenvolvida como resultado do projeto “Análise das diversas tecnologias de tratamento e disposição final de resíduos sólidos no Brasil, Europa, Estados Unidos e Japão” para propor as melhores rotas tecnológicas de tratamento e disposição final nos municípios de Altinho, Agrestina, Belém de Maria, Bonito e Lagoa dos Gatos, que fazem parte do COMAGSUL - Consórcio dos Municípios do Agreste e Mata Sul. Nesse intuito, utilizou-se a ferramenta IST Versão 1.0 de 2014 para possibilitar a hierarquização de rotas tecnológicas de tratamento e destino final dos resíduos, além da análise comparativa com a gestão adotada no Brasil e para o estado de Pernambuco. A utilização da ferramenta produziu como resultado final a indicação de três rotas tecnológicas com elevado índice de sustentabilidade ambiental IST. Esses resultados apontam a adequação da ferramenta para proposição de rotas tecnológicas de tratamento e disposição final em consonância com a Política Nacional de Resíduos, podendo sua utilização ser altamente viável quanto a tomada de decisão em consórcios públicos. / The increase in the generation of waste resulting from the reasoned way of life in mass consumption and the acceleration of population growth have caused several negative impacts, degrading environmental goods and services. In Brazil, the problems caused by poor municipal management of solid urban waste qualifies the MSW as one of the most difficult and complex problems faced by modern society. Allied to this, the scarcity of infrastructure resources and resources of technical-scientific, order make solid urban waste a challenge of high magnitude, especially for small towns. Seeking alternatives to the correct promotion of waste management that they may walk synergistically with the legal system, providing for the treatment and disposal by the generator in environmentally suitable locations. The technologies of treatment and final disposal of waste, founded in management models, that adopt contemporary technology, disseminated in developed countries are essential in tackling the problem. Decision support tools are fundamental to assist the choice of alternative methods of treatment and final disposal environmentally correct, socially fair and economically viable. This reality motivated research that seeks to use a decision support tool developed and study as a result of the project "Analysis of various technologies for treatment and final disposal of solid waste in Brazil, Europe, United States and Japan" to propose the best technological routes of treatment and final disposal in the municipalities of Altinho, Agrestina, Belem de Maria, Bonito and Lagoa dos Gatos, which are part of the COMAGSUL - Consortium of Municipalities of the Agreste and South Wood. For this reason, it used the IST Tool Version 1.0 2014 to enable the hierarchy of technological routes of treatment and final destination of the waste, in addition to the comparative analysis with the management adopted in Brazil and for the state of Pernambuco. The use of the tool has produced as a final result the indication of three technological routes with a high index of environmental sustainability IST. These results indicate the suitability of the tool to the proposition of technological routes of treatment and final disposal in line with the National Policy of waste, its use may be highly viable as decision making in public consortia.
45

Formação de agendas governamentais locais: o caso dos consórcios intermunicipais / Creation of local government agenda: the case of intermunicipal consortia

Eduardo de Lima Caldas 28 January 2008 (has links)
O objetivo principal desta Tese é analisar e compreender as particularidades dos processos de criação de Consórcios Intermunicipais em três Estados brasileiros. Os Consórcios analisados são o Consórcio Intermunicipal de Produção e Abastecimento de São Luís (MA); o Consórcio Intermunicipal das Bacias do Alto Tamanduateí e Billings (Grande ABC-SP); os Consórcios Intermunicipais de Saúde de Minas Gerais. A questão central que orientou esta pesquisa foi a seguinte: como surgem os Consórcios Intermunicipais no Brasil, ao longo dos anos 90? Para responder esta questão, o trabalho foi estruturado a partir de três recortes: teórico, temático e empírico. Por meio do recorte teórico foi possível apresentar um arcabouço respaldado principalmente no que se convencionou chamar de formação de agendas de governo. Por meio do recorte temático foi possível localizar este estudo na órbita das questões relativas aos municípios brasileiros, bem como situar o debate sobre a cooperação intermunicipal ao longo do tempo. Por meio do recorte empírico realizou-se a pesquisa de campo orientada pela teoria previamente analisada. A hipótese central desta Tese é a de que a criação dos Consórcios Intermunicipais depende de dinâmicas locais nas quais dois fatores são fundamentais: a presença de um empreendedor de políticas públicas e a identificação de uma janela de oportunidades. Em outras palavras: os Consórcios Intermunicipais resultam de formas peculiares de como se articulam os interesses locais em torno de determinado \"setor\" de políticas públicas. / The main goal of this thesis is to analyse and comprehend the circumstances of the Intermunicipalities Consortia creation processes in three different Brazilian States. The Consortia chosen for analysis are: São Luis Intermunicipal Consortium of Production and Supply (MA), Tamanduateí and Billings Basins Intermunicipal Consortium (Great ABC - SP) and Minas Gerais Intermunicipal Consortia for Health. The main question that guided this research was the following: how do intermunicipal consortia appeared in Brazil along the 1990s? To answer the question, the thesis was structured in theoretical, thematic and empirical schemes. The groundwork mainly based on what was conveniently called the Creation of Government Agenda was possible through the theoretical scheme. Through the thematic scheme, it was possible to place this study in the scope of the questions related to the Brazilian municipalities, as well as establishing the debate about intermunicipal cooperation through time. Through the empirical scheme, a field research was realised based on the theory previously analysed. The main assumption of this thesis is that the creation of intermunicipal consortia depends on the local dynamics in which two factors are essential: the presence of an entrepreneur of public policies and the identification of a window of opportunities. In other words, intermunicipal consortia are a result of peculiar forms of how local interests become linked around a specific \"sector\" of public policies.
46

Potencial de geração, valoração comercial e proposição de um modelo de gestão de materiais recicláveis na região Oeste do Paraná / Potential for generation, commercial evaluation and proposition of a model management of recyclable materials in the West Region of Paraná

Ansilago, Mônica 03 March 2017 (has links)
Submitted by Marilene Donadel (marilene.donadel@unioeste.br) on 2017-09-25T21:27:03Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Monica_Ansilago_2017.pdf: 6409004 bytes, checksum: e024c6e59ce4da7c5d3c8962978c3f6f (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-09-25T21:27:03Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Monica_Ansilago_2017.pdf: 6409004 bytes, checksum: e024c6e59ce4da7c5d3c8962978c3f6f (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017-03-03 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - CAPES / The growing urbanization process and the technological advance lead to an increase in the generation of various types of waste, including recyclable waste, which despite their potential for use, end up having, for the most part, an inadequate final destination. This study aimed to identify the potential generation, commercial valuation and proposition of a management model of recyclable materials for the 50 municipalities of the western region of Paraná. The methodology included the characterization of generating sources, the qualification and quantification of the potential for the generation of recyclables, economic valuation, technological prospection and the proposal of a management model for recyclable materials. The results show the evolution of the last ten years in terms of the generate of recyclable waste. Thus, in the western region of Paraná, the total generated of canned type residues was 57.22 t day -1, styrene 12.92 t day -1, PET 18.46 t day -1, polymers 22.16 t day -1, paperboard 16.61 t day -1, carton packaging 14.77 t day -1 e glass 42.46 t day -1. In the case of the commercial valuation of recyclables in the municipalities studied, Santa Terezinha do Itaipu had the highest commercial valuation potential, with values of R$ 1.00/kg Pet, R$ 0.50/kg PVC and R$ 0.42/Kg of White Paper, being these values higher than those compared with the other municipalities. The proposal of the management model was based on intermunicipal consortia, distributed in three management regions, with anchored municipalities in Guaíra, Cascavel and Foz do Iguaçu, proposed for the implantation of a center for sorting and processing of recyclable waste. Management of region 1 would be responsible for processing 60.82 t day -1 (1,824.74 t month -1 or 22.201.03 t year -1) of recyclable waste. The management center of region 2 would be responsible for processing 57.71 t day -1 (1,731.26 t month -1 or 21,063.61 t year -1) of recyclable waste. The management center of region 3 would be responsible for processing 66.05 t day -1 (1,981.51 t month -1 or 24,108.47 t year -1) of recyclable waste. After implantation, the proposed model would allow a greater use of recyclable waste, being transformed into raw material, reinserted in the productive chain, generating employment, income and reducing negative impacts to the environment. / O crescente processo de urbanização e o avanço tecnológico acarretam num aumento na geração de diversos tipos de resíduos, dentre eles os resíduos recicláveis, que apesar do seu potencial de aproveitamento, acabam tendo, em sua maior parte, uma destinação final inadequada. Neste estudo objetivou-se a identificação do potencial de geração, valoração comercial e proposição de um modelo de gestão de materiais recicláveis para os 50 municípios da região Oeste do Paraná. A metodologia contemplou a caracterização das fontes geradoras, a qualificação e quantificação do potencial de geração de recicláveis, a valoração econômica, a prospecção tecnológica e a proposição de um modelo de gestão de materiais recicláveis. Os resultados apontam a evolução dos últimos dez anos em termos de geração de resíduos recicláveis. Assim, em 2015, na região Oeste do Paraná, a geração total de resíduos do tipo enlatados foi de 57,22 t dia –1, de poliestireno expandido foi 12,92 t dia –1, de PET 18,46 t dia –1, de polímeros 22,16 t dia –1, de papelão 16,61 t dia –1, de embalagem cartonada 14,77 t dia –1e de vidro 42,46 t dia –1. No caso da valoração comercial dos recicláveis nos municípios estudados, Santa Terezinha do Itaipu apresentou maior potencial de valoração comercial, com valores de R$1,00/kg de Pet, R$ 0,50/kg de PVC e R$ 0,42/kg de Papel Branco, sendo estes valores maiores do que os comparados com os demais municípios. A proposição do modelo de gestão teve como base os consórcios intermunicipais, distribuídos em três regiões de gestão, com municípios âncoras em Guaíra, Cascavel e Foz do Iguaçu, propostos para a implantação de um centro de triagem e processamento de resíduos recicláveis, O centro de gestão da região 1 seria responsável por processar 60,82 t dia –1 (1.824,74 t mês –1 ou 22.201,03 t ano –1) de resíduos recicláveis. O centro de gestão da região 2 seria responsável por processar 57,71 t dia –1 (1.731,26 t mês –1 ou 21.063,61 t ano –1) de resíduos recicláveis. O centro de gestão da região 3 seria responsável por processar 66,05 t dia –1 (1.981,51 t mês –1 ou 24.108,47 t ano –1) de resíduos recicláveis. Após a implantação, o modelo proposto possibilitaria maior aproveitamento dos resíduos recicláveis, sendo estes transformados em matéria-prima, reinseridos na cadeia produtiva, gerando emprego, renda e diminuindo os impactos negativos ao meio ambiente.
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Políticas públicas integradas: estudo comparado entre as experiências do Consórcio Culturando e dos Pontos de Cultura de Ribeirão Preto/SP / Public Policies Integrated: a compared study among Consórcio Culturando and Pontos de Cultura de Ribeirão Preto/SP

Gabriel Tombi de Avila 20 October 2015 (has links)
O trabalho busca contextualizar as novas tendências em administração pública no Brasil, dentre as quais são contemplados neste trabalho os conceitos de governança no setor público, redes interorganizacionais e consórcios públicos, a partir do estudo empírico de duas experiências culturais existentes na região de Ribeirão Preto: a rede de Pontos de Cultura de Ribeirão Preto e o Consórcio Intermunicipal Culturando. A ideia de se descentralizar a gestão e de se democratizar a cultura são importantes, no sentido de que rompem com paradigmas público administrativos e culturais do País, historicamente marcados por excesso de burocracia e de centralização, no caso da administração, e de censura, descaso e elitização, no caso da cultura. A pesquisa de campo foi realizada com base nos protocolos de estudo de caso, dado o caráter exploratório do estudo e a forte adequação desta técnica aos objetivos propostos. Foi feito um estudo multicaso, envolvendo três participantes em cada uma das experiências culturais estudadas, sendo a técnica metodológica a de entrevistas semiestruturadas. Esta técnica permitiu avaliar o nível de comprometimento que têm os participantes de ambas as redes, os benefícios de se proporcionar autonomia às associações e movimentos culturais, além do ganho de eficiência no processo de obtenção de recursos públicos através da criação de um consórcio público cultural. Por último, avaliou-se os problemas encontrados decorrentes da não continuidade dos Pontos de Cultura de Ribeirão Preto e da saída de municípios do Consórcio Culturando para a promoção e difusão cultural nos municípios estudados. Como resultado, tem-se, portanto, maior compreensão sobre modelagens de políticas e aparatos para o desenvolvimento da área da cultura e da economia criativa nos pequenos e médios municípios. / This work aims to contextualize new tendencies in Brazilian public administration, among which are present the concepts of public governance, interorganizational networks and public consortia, starting off with the empirical study of two cultural experiences in the Ribeirão Preto region: Pontos de Cultura de Ribeirão Preto network and the public consortium Culturando. The ideas of management descentralization and cultural democratization are important for they break both administrative and cultural paradigms in Brazil, historically marked by centralization and excessive bureaucracy, regarding its managerial aspect, and censorship, negligence and elitism, culturally speaking. The field survey will occur respecting case study protocols, given its exploratory characteristics and the technique adequacy to the objectives proposed. It has been made a multicase study involving three participants from each one of the cultural experiences studied, being the methodological technique semi structured interviews. It has allowed us to assess the level of commitment regarding all of the participants, benefits with providing autonomy to the associations and cultural movements. In addition to that, we have assessed the efficiency gain when it comes to obtaining public resources through the creation of a public consortium as well as the issues found by not continuing the Pontos de Cultura de Ribeirão Preto and by not remaining as a participant of the Consortium, as for the municipalities. As a result, we have a better understanding on political modeling and apparatus regarding both the cultural scenario and the creative economy in small and medium cities development.
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Library consortia and Zimbabwe's national development agenda : Librarians’ views on constructing a suitable model

Chisita, Collence Takaingenhamo January 2017 (has links)
The development of library Consortia in Zimbabwe was necessitated by the need to reduce subscription costs and to widen access to electronic resources as well as implement new technologies among academic libraries. The development of Zimbabwe University Library Consortium (ZULC) and College and Research Library Consortium (CARLC) enabled libraries to cooperate and collaborate in building capacity to support teaching, learning and research through access to quality scholarly information. The trajectory of consortia development in Zimbabwe since 2002 has however been characterised by a focus on the academic sector to the exclusion of other types of libraries. The future development of library consortia in Zimbabwe can be better envisioned when correlated with the country’s national development agenda. While not made explicit, this agenda is underpinned by the idea of access to information. This study investigated how the benefits of the existing library consortia can be harnessed to promote the achievement of Zimbabwe’s national development goals. More specifically, it examined the ways that the development paths of ZULC and CARLC can be transformed to support the country’s national development agenda and programmes. This culminated in a model that will accelerate and guide the future development of its library consortia to facilitate a supporting developmental role. The novel aspect of this study is that it seeks to integrate library consortia into the national development plans of a developing country and to extend their benefits as widely as possible. An extensive literature review of the characteristics, models, and development of consortia in selected countries was complemented by an empirical mixed-method component that generated data through interviews, questionnaires, observation, and the analysis of key documents. A special feature of the study is a detailed analysis of the successes and challenges of library consortia in other countries and in the Southern African region to supplement the empirical data that informs the proposed model. The main finding is that a model with a multi-type structure and a National Coordinating Committee is best to transform the development paths of Zimbabwe’s academic library consortia to support the country’s national development agenda. The model’s key elements are finance, structure, governance, functions, and special features. / Thesis (PhD)--University of Pretoria, 2017. / Information Science / PHD / Unrestricted
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Integrovaný vývoj bioprocesu: Z půdního enzymu do kvasinkové produkční platformy / Integrated development of a bioprocess: From the soil enzyme to the yeast production platform

Borčinová, Martina January 2021 (has links)
For a sustainable future, there is a call to increase the market share of bio-based technologies and materials. Microbial-based technologies have the potential and the ability to contribute substantively on many levels to global efforts to achieve sustainability. Development and utilization of microbial technologies is, however, an extensive process involving numerous steps, including the discovery of novel technologies and the development of industrially viable production systems. In the presented thesis, individual steps of microbial biotechnology development were addressed. In the first part of the study, a variety of methodological approaches were employed in order to study the effect of the anthropogenic activity (i.e., decades lasting production of penicillin G) on the structure of soil microbial communities. Moreover, both cultivable and non-cultivable fractions of populations were subjected to functional screening in order to unravel the biotechnological potential of the microorganisms in terms of production of enzymes involved in biotransformation of beta-lactam antibiotics: penicillin G acylase (PGA) and alpha amino acid ester hydrolase (AEH). Our results indicated that the impacted communities harbour a microbial community with increased diversity and richness. However, on the...
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Insight into microalgal-bacterial consortia for sustainable wastewater treatment. Investigations at lab-scale with real wastewater

Petrini, Serena 28 May 2020 (has links)
High costs for aeration, greenhouse-gas emissions and excess sludge disposal have entailed a paradigm shift in the wastewater treatment. Microalgal-bacterial-based wastewater treatments have gained increasing attention because of their potential in energy demand reduction and biomass resource recovery. In particular, photosynthetic oxygenation is combined with bacterial activity to treat wastewater avoiding external artificial aeration. To optimize the technology in order to become more competitive than activated sludge, an in-depth investigation about the treatment performance and the microbiology interactions under real operational condition is needed. This work focused on the study of wastewater-borne microalgal-bacterial consortia treating real municipal wastewater. The main objectives were to: (i) Understand the removal mechanisms and the influence of operational conditions to optimize the process; (ii) Analyze the microbial community. At first, a photo-sequencing batch reactor (PSBR), called Pilot, was started up and continuously monitored for two years to analyze the evolution of the treatment performance and of the biomass composition. At the same time, other two lab-scale PSBRs were installed to evaluate if microalgal inoculation is essential to start up a consortium. Samples of these consortia were collected over a period of one year and analyzed through microscopic observations, flow cytometry and metagenomics, to investigate the microbial structure and diversity.A second part of the research focused on the optimization of the Pilot to explore its limit in view of the scale-up of the system. In addition, respirometry was adapted to test microalgal-bacterial consortia to estimate the removal kinetic parameters for future modelling. To conclude, the research project addressed many aspects and lay the foundation to apply a methodological research approach to scale-up this promising technology.

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