Bakgrund: Betydelsen av en välfungerande bankverksamhet, och därmed även den ekonomiska styrningen däri, torde blivit allt större på grund av den accelererande globalisering som idag sköljer över vårt samhälle. Det faktum att de undersökta bankerna verkar på samma area med likvärdiga produkter är även det av stort intresse beträffande homogeniteten i den ekonomiska styrningen. Syfte: Syftet med uppsatsen är att analysera Sveriges storbankers centrala ekonomiska styrning i form av graden av decentralisering, användandet av budget samt valet av nyckeltal. Rapportförfattarna söker även analysera likheter och skillnader i dessa styrsystem då detta torde vara intressant eftersom de alla tillhandahåller liknande tjänster på en relativt mogen marknad. Genomförande: Det empiriska materialet består till lejonparten av intervjuer med nyckelpersoner inom de svenska storbankerna (FöreningsSparbanken, Handelsbanken, Nordea och SEB). Resultat: Både stora skillnader och likheter kunde identifieras genom undersökningen. Skillnaderna ligger främst i graden av decentralisering och användandet av budget. Bakgrunden till skillnaderna har ursprung i bankernas olikartade historiska utveckling. Likheterna återfinns främst inom brukandet av nyckeltal. Många av de nyckeltal som används finns inom de olika bankerna. / Background: The importance of well functioning banking and thereby a well functioning economic management might have been increasing due to the rapid globalization our society has been exposed to during the last century. The fact that the examined banks act on the same arena with equivalent products is of great importance when the homogenousness of the economic management is investigated. Purpose: The main purpose is to analyze Sweden’s four largest banks’ economic management as far as the degree of decentralization, the use of budget systems and the choice of business ratios is concerned. The investigators are seeking to prove both similarities and differences in the analyzed economic control systems. Method: The empirical material mostly contains of interviews with key figures from the different organisations (FöreningsSparbanken, Handelsbanken, Nordea och SEB). Conclusion: Both great similarities as well as flagrant differences could be identified throughout the investigation. The differences contained mainly of the different degree of decentralisation and the use of budget systems. The reasons for these differences might originate from the different historic development within the investigated organisations. The similarities are mostly retrieved in the use of business ratios.

Region Gotland har under en längre tid privatiserat tjänster som tidigare utfördes av Region Gotland själva. Hur går det till när en privat aktör tar över eller startar en verksamhet och hur ser kraven på verksamheten ut? Idag använder Region Gotland Balanserade styrkort i sin styrning och hur påverkar denna typ av styrning privata aktörer? Denna uppsats fokuserar på vilken effekt Socialnämndens styrning har på upphandling, kommunikation och uppföljning. Problemformuleringen i denna uppsats lyder: På vilket sätt styr Socialnämnden privata och offentliga aktörer inom särskilt boend epå Gotland. Syftet med denna rapport är att undersöka hurvida Region Gotlands styrmodell påverkar upphandling, kommunikation och uppföljning mellan Region Gotland och aktörer inom särskilt boende på Gotland. Intervjuer har gjorts med personer i nyckelpositioner inom Region Gotland. Fördjupade intervjuer har gjorts med verksamhetschefer på två olika boenden. Ett boende i privat regi och ett boende i offentlig regi. Vi presenterar även information om Regionens Balanserade styrkort med fördjupning på Socialnämndens styrkort. / The municipality of Gotland has for some time now privatized social services traditionally performed by the municipality of Gotland themselves. How does it work when a private corporation starts to run such services and what are the requirements for the new organization? The municipality of Gotland uses Balanced Scorecard in its management control. How does this kind of governance affect private companies? This paper focuses on the affects of the municipality´s Management control regarding procurement, communication and monitoring. In what way does the management control of the social welfare affect the private and public actors in special housing in Gotland? The purpose of this study is to investigate whether the Balanced scorecard has affected procurement, communication and follow-up between the municipality of Gotland and organizations in special housing in Gotland. Interviews were conducted with persons in key positions within the Region Gotland. In-depth interviews were made with managers in two specific places. In one special housing in the private sector and another in the public sector. We also present information about the region's Balanced scorecard with focus on the social welfare scorecard.

In this thesis, an attitude control system based on Linear Quadratic Regulator (LQR) technique is developed for a hypothetical Earth observation satellite with a long flexible boom. To improve pointing performance of the satellite, the piezoelectric actuators are used as well. The boom is rectangular made of aluminum with the surface bonded piezoelectric layers on all four surfaces. The boom is modeled using finite elements. The pointing performance of the satellite using various metrics is evaluated through simulations. Effectiveness of the piezoelectric actuators is demonstrated.

Com o presente projeto se pretende desenvolver um protótipo de máquina de usinagem para atender a fabricação de pequenos lotes (10~20 peças), Esta máquina terá características intermediárias entre as máquinas universal (manual) e de controle numérico (CN); conjugando as vantagens funcionais destas duas: alta eficiência e flexibilidade. A máquina projetada terá uma operação manual (trajetória), e seu posicionamento será servo-assistido. Entenda-se \"desenvolver\" como: a) Propor uma estratégia de usinagem; b) Propor uma configuração de máquina que funcione segundo esta estratégia; c) desenvolver um protótipo e; d) validar a estratégia e a configuração através de testes no protótipo. A estratégia de posicionamento aqui proposta, é baseada em um posicionamento manual, ou seja, o operador define livremente o movimento da ferramenta com relação à peça a se fabricar. Porém, um computador monitora constantemente a posição da ferramenta e não permite a entrada desta numa região, nomeada \"Região Proibida\"; que corresponde ao perfil da peça. A região proibida é definida diretamente a partir de um desenho de CAD, dispensando o uso de alguma ferramenta computacional de geração automática de trajetória de ferramenta. Deste modo, o operador realiza a usinagem de desbaste. O acabamento é realizado automaticamente pelo computador, que faz com que a ferramenta contorne o perfil da peça, uma vez que o operador envia um sinal de partida. Uma possível configuração de máquina para alcançar esta estratégia é apresentada. E consiste de uma mesa XY servo controlada, adaptada a uma furadeira de bancada, onde operador comanda o movimento da mesa mediante um joystick. Através de ensaios de usinagem, o trabalho demonstra a eficácia da estratégia proposta. / Present project aims the development of a machine tool prototype for attend the manufacturing of small lots (10~20 pieces), This machine will have characteristics intermediate between the universal and the numerical control (CN) machines. The desired machine conjugates the functional advantages of both types of machines: high efficiency and flexibility. The machine, thus designed, will have a manual operation (the tool path is defined by the operator), and its positioning will be servoassisted. Here, \"to develop\" includes: a) to propose a machining strategy; b) to propose an arrangement of machine that works according to this strategy; c) to develop a prototype and; d) to validate the strategy and the arrangement through tests with the prototype. The positioning strategy, is based on a manual positioning, i.e., the operator defines freely the motion of the tool with respect to the work piece. However, a computer monitores constantly the tool position, not permitting the entrance of it inside the area, here called \"prohibited region\", corresponding to the profile of the part to be machined. Outside that region, the computer enables operator to move the tool as he wants. The prohibited region is defined directly from a CAD draft, eliminating the necessity of any kind of computer tools for generating automatically the tool path. Thus, the operator executes the rough machining. The finishing path is executed automatically by the computer that makes the tool contour the profile of the part, according to the start-up command given by the operator. In the work, one possible arrangement of machine to achieve this strategy is presented. It consists of servo controlled XY table and adjusted to a bench drill in which, the operator commands the table motion by means a joy-stick. By machining tests, this work shows the efficiency of the proposed strategy.

The master´s thesis is focused on application of Management Control System in company especially on planning and analysis of deviations. In theoretical part of the thesis will be described basic charakteristic and terms and will be used continualy in the analytical part. In this part Honeywell s.r.o. will be described and analyzed its current situation and methods for planning costs. Then will be analyzed and interpreted deviations based on actual data in MS Excel. In the proposal part will be propose actions to improve the current situation in the form of implemetation new program MS Power BI or Tableau into controlling team.

The master´s thesis is focused on application of Management Control System in company especially on planning and analysis of deviations. In theoretical part of the thesis will be described basic charakteristic and terms and will be used continualy in the analytical part. In this part Honeywell s.r.o. will be described and analyzed its current situation and methods for planning costs. Then will be analyzed and interpreted deviations based on actual data in MS Excel. In the proposal part will be propose actions to improve the current situation in the form of implemetation new program MS Power BI or Tableau into controlling team.

ABB s r.o. is one of the most important companies that are concerned with setting of trends in electro-energetic field. One of these trends is digitalization of medium voltage substations that leads to simplified of internal connection and easier connection of substation to the control system. This thesis deals possibilities of connection of communication, methods of controlling logical operations by centralized or distributed system and compares potential of these systems.

No / A multivariable model of an automotive gas turbine, obtained from the linearized system equations is investigated. To facilitate vehicle speed changes, whilst protecting the system against thermal damage, control of the power turbine inlet gas temperature and gas generator speed is proposed by feedback regulation. Fuel flow and the power turbine nozzle area variations are the selected, manipulatable inputs. Owing to the limited control energy available for regulation purposes a multivariable, optimum, minimum control effort strategy is employed in the inner loop controller design study. Simulated, open and closed loop system responses are presented for purposes of comparison. Significant improvements in the transient response interaction reaction times and low steady state output interaction achieved using passive compensation and output feedback alone. Simplification of the closed loop configuration is proposed in the final implementation without performance penalties.

ITC/USA 2007 Conference Proceedings / The Forty-Third Annual International Telemetering Conference and Technical Exhibition / October 22-25, 2007 / Riviera Hotel & Convention Center, Las Vegas, Nevada / A digital antenna control system has been designed and installed on a pedestal that was formerly used to drive a VHF array and that has now been replaced with an 11 meter S-Band parabolic reflector. In this Paper, the former analog tracking system will be described, showing all the drawbacks that made it unusable for S-Band. Subsequently, the development and implementation of the digital S-Band tracking system, using Labview, C++ & digital control theory will be discussed. Finally, there will be a comparison between the digital and analog system, too.

The paper presents design solution and physical implementation of a system for examination of electro hydraulic steering based on OSPE 200 components. The implementation is based on synthesis of required hydraulic and structure parameters, presented in a previous paper. Now we present the interconnection of the digital control system and the closed-loop flow diagram. A formal description of embedded software is presented too, which supports operation of PI control algorithm in real-time. Identification is performed based on experimentally reported the transitional process by developing mathematical models. Presents the structure and capabilities of the models for identification, as well as procedures for their validation.