This thesis deals with the protection against irregular practises of the contracting authority in awarding public contracts. I analyzed part of the Government Procurement Act on Review Procedures, including some of the regulatory impacts. The introductory part of the thesis is followed by a chapter explaining the basic concepts of the issue. In the chapter three, I deal mainly with the institute of objections and blocking deadlines that prevent the contracting authority from entering into a contract. Next chapter is dedicated to the proceedings before the Office for the Protection of Competition, from the submission of the petition, through the deposit institution or the newly established obligation to pay the claim fee, the specific differences in the proceedings before the Office against the standard administrative procedure are highlighted, up to the possible ways and reasons of the termination of the administrative procedure. Appeals against the Office's decision, including possible appeals to the administrative court, are the subject of chapter five. In the end, I summarize the lessons learned, I respond to the questions asked in the introduction and I come up with considerations about legislation. Personally, I consider the analyzed legislation to be quite good. I consider the strengthen role...

M.Sc. / The Salt River deposit is a poly-metallic base metal deposit with a Zn-Cu-Pb metal content that occurs southwest of the town of Kakamas within the Northern Cape Province, South Africa. The Salt River deposit occurs within the Geelvloer Formation of the Bushmanland Subprovince of the Proterozoic Namaqua Metamorphic Province (NMP). This study constitutes the first detailed study of the host rock succession to the Salt River deposit, by investigating the lithostratigraphy, petrography geochemistry and geochronology. During the course of the study, various styles of wall-rock alteration were identified and investigated to determine their effect on the host rock succession. A further aim of this study was to classify the Salt River deposit and compare it to neighboring deposits occurring in the NMP. Geochronological studies were undertaken to define the age of mineralization. Detailed logging of exploration diamond drill core combined with petrographic investigation was used to define thirteen distinct lithotypes. The stratigraphy is dominated by felsic grey gneisses and mafic amphibolites, minor calc-silicate rocks, granitic augen gneisses, pegmatites and two lithologies that represent the metamorphosed equivalents of hydrothermally-altered host rock. Lithostratigraphic investigations yielded a rather uniform succession containing four distinct marker beds defined by their common occurrence and ease of correlation across various boreholes.

This thesis deals with problematic of non-monetary deposits into basic capital of new emergent capital companies per Czech legislation. It is divided into five chapters, four of them are theoretical and the last one is a practical example. Theoretical part deals with definition of capital companies, their authorities, basic capital and ways of founding. Part of accounting deals with evaluation of non-monetary deposits at the depositors and the acquirer and with disclosure of the assets in the balance sheet. The tax section focuses on all major taxes related to deposits. The application part summarizes theoretical knowledge on the example from practice. The main goal of the thesis is to contain the issue in a comprehensive way. Consider the legal, accounting and tax rules that are closely related to non-monetary deposits and show the impact of non-monetary deposits at the acquirer and the depositor.

Banks play a pivotal role in economic growth and development of all countries and therefore the stability of the banking system is a vital goal of bank supervisors. Banks act as delegated monitors of depositors’ funds and this relationship, like all principal-agent relationships, presents agency problems. In the case of banks agency problems arise because depositors cannot accurately assess the financial health of banks due to the asymmetry of information existing between banks and depositors. Because banks possess private information on their borrowers, which depositors cannot access, it exposes depositors to risk of loss of deposits in cases of bank failures originating from nonrepayment of such loans. This asymmetry of information also exposes banks to runs by depositors and these runs can lead to bank failures with devastating effects for the financial system and the economy at large. It is for this reason that banks are regulated and supervised more than other institutions. Bank failures are a worldwide phenomenon and South Africa is no exception as evidenced by historical and recent bank failures in South Africa. This thesis investigates the desirability of introducing an explicit deposit insurance scheme in South Africa as a means of protecting small, unsophisticated depositors who are almost always the losers when banks fail, and promoting financial stability. The study finds that bank failures in South Africa are mainly attributable to mismanagement of banks, liquidity problems and fraud. Bank failures as a result of the aforementioned reasons have led to depositors losing their deposits in South Africa. The absence of a clearly defined depositor protection scheme in South Africa, the inadequacy of the hitherto implicit guarantee system to protect depositors, and the poor record of the South African Reserve Bank in bank failure resolution, form the basis of the conclusion of the study, i.e., there is a case for the introduction of deposit insurance in South Africa. In order to assist South African policymakers in designing an effective deposit insurance scheme for the country, the thesis further provides a guide on how the most important design features of deposit insurance should be handled. This is in an attempt to ensure that the moral hazard problem inherent in deposit insurance is overcome.

Le CO2 est le deuxième après l'eau constituant des fluides de haute température (T) et haute pression (P) qui opèrent dans la lithosphère, transportent la matière et forment des dépôts économiques des métaux. Cependant, son effet sur la mobilisation et la précipitation des métaux reste quasiment inconnu faute de données directes et de modèles physico-chimiques. Dans ce travail de thèse, nous avons mis en œuvre des méthodes expérimentales et des analyses chimiques et spectroscopiques sur des fluides modèles riches en CO2, couplées à une modélisation thermodynamique, afin de quantifier, pour la première fois de manière systématique, la solubilité, le partage et la spéciation de divers métaux d'intérêt économique (Fe, Cu, Au, Mo, Pt, Sn, Zn) dans les systèmes eau-gaz-sels typiques des fluides hydrothermaux métallifères. Des mesures de solubilité des principaux minéraux de ces métaux (sulfures, oxydes et métaux natifs) et de leurs coefficients de partage ont été effectuées dans des fluides supercritiques H2O-CO2-S-KCl à 450°C et 500-700 bar et dans des systèmes liquide-vapeur H2O-CO2-S-KCl-NaCl à 350°C, 130-300 bar, à l'aide d'autoclaves à cellule flexible et de réacteurs à séparation de phase que nous avons mis au point. Les conditions d'acidité, de redox et de fugacité de soufre ont été contrôlées par des équilibres entre les minéraux sulfures et oxydes de fer et alkali-aluminosilicates ou entre le sulfate et le sulfure en solution. Les données ont été analysées dans le cadre d'un modèle thermodynamique couplé à une révision critique des données sur la spéciation des métaux en phase fluide. Ce modèle électrostatique ne requière pas de paramètres ajustables; il utilise la constante diélectrique du solvant H2O-CO2 et le paramètre de Born des espèces dominantes en phase aqueuse. Nos résultats montrent que la mobilité des métaux dans les fluides riches en CO2 est contrôlée par la nature et la charge de leurs complexes principaux. La présence du CO2 favorise la stabilité des complexes neutres (FeCl20, AuHS0, CuHS0, ZnCl20, KMoO40, Pt(HS)20) alors que celle des espèces chargées de ces métaux (FeCl42-, Au(HS)2-, CuCl2-, ZnCl42-, HMoO4-, PtCl3-) est considérablement affaiblie. Il en résulte un fractionnement important de certains métaux selon la composition du fluide et le contexte géologique. Notre modèle explique bien l'enrichissement en Fe et l'appauvrissement en Cu des gisements métamorphiques d'or (orogéniques) formés par des fluides riches en CO2. Le transport de l'or par ces fluides est favorisé à faible teneur en soufre (Au(HS)0 est dominante), alors que dans les fluides riches en soufre, typiques des gisements porphyres cuprifères où les complexes chargés sont dominants (Au(HS)2-, Au(HS)S3-), la présence du CO2 aura pour effet d'abaisser la solubilité de l'or. Cependant, même à fortes teneurs en CO2 (>50 wt%), la capacité des fluides à transporter l'or sous forme d'espèces neutres (~100s ppb) reste comparable à celle d'un fluide aqueux, ce qui explique les associations de minéralisations aurifères avec des fluides riches en CO2. L'effet du CO2 sur la mobilité de Mo, Zn et Si qui forment des espèces neutres, est faible dans la plupart des contextes géologiques, alors que celle de Sn pourrait être favorisée par des complexes carbonatés et celle de Pt par des complexes carbonyles (CO). Le rôle direct du CO2 sur le partage liquide-vapeur pour la plupart des métaux est relativement faible devant celui du soufre réduit (H2S) dont la présence favorise fortement l'enrichissement de la phase vapeur en Au, Pt, Mo et Cu. Ainsi le CO2 intervient dans ces processus de démixtion de manière indirecte, en élargissant le domaine T-P d'immiscibilité du fluide. Cette étude démontre que, contrairement aux modèles métallogéniques actuels, la présence du CO2 peut favoriser la mobilité de certains métaux et engendrer des fractionnements importants entre différents métaux lors de l'évolution des fluides dans la croûte terrestre. / Carbon dioxide is the second component after water of geological fluids that operate at high temperature (T) and pressure (P) in the lithosphere, transport the metals and form economic deposits. However, its effect on the mobilization and precipitation of metals remains virtually unknown owing to a lack of direct data and physical-chemical models. In this thesis, we have developped experimental methods and chemical and spectroscopic analyzes of CO2-rich fluids, coupled with thermodynamic modeling, to systematically quantify, for the first time, the solubility, distribution and speciation of various metals of economic interest (Fe, Cu, Au, Mo, Pt, Sn, Zn) in gas-water-salt systems typical of metalliferous hydrothermal fluids. Measurements of the solubility of the major minerals of these metals (sulfides, oxides and native metals) and of metal partition coefficients were carried out in supercritical fluids H2O-CO2-S-KCl at 450°C and 500-700 bar and in two-phase vapor-liquid systems H2O-CO2-NaCl-KCl-S at 350°C, 130-300 bar, using flexible-cell and phase-separation reactors that we have set up. The conditions of acidity, redox potential and sulfur fugacity were controlled by equilibria among iron sulfide and oxide minerals and alkali-aluminosilicate minerals or between sulfate and sulfide in the fluid. The data obtained were analyzed in the framework of a thermodynamic model coupled with a critical review of the literature on the metal speciation in the fluid phase. The electrostatic model that we used does not require any adjustable parameters; it is based on the dielectric constant of the CO2-H2O solvent and the Born parameter of the dominant species in the aqueous phase. Our results show that the mobility of metals in CO2-rich fluids is controlled by the nature and electrical charge of their main aqueous complexes. The presence of CO2 favors the stability of the neutral complexes (FeCl20, AuHS0, CuHS0, ZnCl20, KMoO40, Pt(HS)20) whereas that of the charged species of these metals (FeCl42-, Au(HS)2-, CuCl2-, ZnCl42-, HMoO4-, PtCl3-) is largely weakened. This results is significant fractionations between some metals, depending on the composition of the fluid and the geological context. Our model accounts for the enrichment in Fe and depletion in Cu observed in metamorphic orogenic gold deposits formed by CO2-rich fluids. The transport of gold by these fluids is favored at low sulfur content (Au(HS)0 is dominant), whereas in S-rich fluids typical of porphyry copper deposits and high T orogenic gold deposits where the charged complexes are dominant (Au(HS)2-, Au(HS)S3-), the presence of CO2 leads to lowering the solubility of gold. However, even at high CO2 content (> 50 wt%), the ability of fluids to carry gold as neutral species (~100s ppb) remains comparable to that of an aqueous fluid, which explains the associations of gold mineralizations with fluids rich in CO2. The effect of CO2 on the mobility of Mo, Zn and Si, which form neutral species, is weak in most geological situations, whereas that of Sn could be promoted by carbonate complexes and that of Pt by carbonyl (CO) complexing. The direct role of CO2 in the vapor-liquid partitioning of most metals is relatively small compared to that of reduced sulfur (H2S) whose presence strongly favors the enrichment of the vapor by Au, Pt, Mo and Cu. Thus, the main impact of CO2 in these demixing processes is to expand the fluid T-P domain of immiscibility. This study demonstrates that, contrary to common belief, the presence of CO2 can promote the mobility of certain metals and cause significant fractionations between different metals during the evolution of fluids in the crust.

La cérine est connue pour être très performant en tant que support, dans le domaine de l'oxydation catalytique. L'ajout de métaux de transitions améliore en général cette activité. Dans ce travail, l'argent a été ajouté sur la cérine. Deux méthodes de préparation ont été utilisées : l'imprégnation (Imp), connue par la formation de particules de tailles différentes sur la surface du support, et le dépôt-précipitation (DP) qui conduit en général à la formation de nanoparticules dispersées sur la surface et dans la masse du support. Deux séries de catalyseurs x%Ag/CeO₂(Imp) et x%Ag/CeO₂(DP) où x est le pourcentage massique de l'argent par rapport à la cérine, ont été préparés dans le but de comparer leurs propriétés physico-chimiques. Ensuite leurs activités catalytiques dans les réactions d'oxydation. Les catalyseurs ont été caractérisés par différentes techniques telles que la BET, la DRX, la RPE, l'ATD-ATG, la SPX, l'UV et la RTP. Dans les deux séries de catalyseurs, la DRX a montré que des particules de Ag⁰ ont été obtenues pour les fortes teneurs en argent ; ces particules sont plus grosses dans les imprégnés que dans les (DP). La présence des nanoparticules dans les deux séries de solides a été aussi confirmée par l'UV (résonance plasmonique). Ces nanoparticules sont de formes sphériques dans les (DP) et mi-sphériques, ou déformées, dans les (Imp). Trois états d'oxydation : Ag⁰, Ag⁺ et Ag²⁺ ont été identifiés dans les imprégnés et seulement deux : Ag⁰ et Ag⁺ dans les DP. La formation des ions Ag²⁺ semble être due à la présence de AgNO₃ sur la cérine au cours de la calcination du solide, ce qui était le cas pour les imprégnés et non pour les DP. De plus, les deux isotopes ¹⁰⁷Ag²⁺ et ¹⁰⁹Ag²⁺ ont été mis en évidence par la technique de la RPE ; ce résultat est considéré comme original et primordial. Par la suite, les deux séries de catalyseurs ont été testés dans les réacctions d'oxydations catalytique du propène, du monoxyde de carbone et du noir de carbone. Le résultat inattendu dans ce travail c'est que, contrairement à la bibliographie, les catalyseurs imprégnés étaient plus actifs que les (DP) pour les trois réactions. La performance catalytique des imprégnés a été reliée à la présence des espèces Ag²⁺ qui sont absents dans les DP. Autrement exprimé à la présence de trois couples redox Ag²⁺/ Ag⁺, Ag²⁺/ Ag⁰ et Ag⁺/ Ag⁰ dans le cas des solides (Imp), pour seulement un couple redox Ag⁺/ Ag⁰ dans le cas des solides (DP). Une présence adéquate dans les rapports de concentrations de ces trois couples redox dans le catalyseur 10%Ag/CeO₂(Imp) a rendu ce dernier le plus performant comparé aux autres de la même série. / Ceria is a well known support in the world of catalytic oxidation reactions. Adding transition metals tend to enhance the catalytic activity. Silver was used in our work, and was added using two different preparation methods : the impregnation (Imp) and the deposition-precipitation (DP). The first known by the formation of different particles size on the surface of the support, whereas the second is known by the formation of nanoparticles with a good dispersion on the surface and in the bulk of the support. Two catalysts series x%Ag/CeO₂(Imp) and x%Ag/CeO₂(DP) (where x is the weight percentage of silver over ceria) were prepared in order to compare their physico-chemical properties and afterward their catalytic performances in three different oxydation reactions. The catalysts were characterized using BET, XRD, EPR, DSG-TG, XPS, UV and TPR techniques. XRD showed on both series the formation of Ag⁰ particles for the catalysts with high weight percentages. The sizes of these particles are larger in the (Imp) solids compared to the (DP) ones. Beside of these particles, the formation of Ag⁰ nanoparticles was confirmed by the plasmonic resonance in the UV technique. The nanoparticles are spherical in the (DP) solids and half spherical (misshaped) in the (Imp) solids. Three oxidation states were found in the (Imp) catalysts : Ag⁰, Ag⁺ et Ag²⁺ compared to only two in the (DP) : Ag⁰ et Ag⁺. The nitrate present in the AgNO₃ (silver precursor) during the calcination might be the reason of the formation of the Ag²⁺. That is not the case for the (DP) solids. The two isotopes for Ag²⁺ (¹⁰⁷Ag²⁺ and ¹⁰⁹Ag²⁺) were identified with the EPR technique. This result is considered as original and very important. Afterward, the catalysts were tested in the total oxidation of the propylene, carbon monoxide and carbon black. The catalytic results were unexpected and oppose the literature results. (Imp) catalysts showed a higher activity than the (DP) in all the reactions. The catalytic performance of the (Imp) was ascribed to the presence of Ag²⁺ species that are missing in the (DP) catalysts. In other words, this performance is related to the presence of the 3 redox couples Ag²⁺/ Ag⁺, Ag²⁺/ Ag⁰ et Ag⁺/ Ag⁰ for the (Imp), compared to only one : Ag⁺/ Ag⁰ for the (DP). The 10%Ag/CeO₂(Imp) solid showed an appropriate concentration ratio of the redox couples, that's why it showed the highest catalytic activity among the other solids from the same series.

Polymer brush patterns were prepared by a combination of electron beam induced damage in self-assembled monolayers (SAMs), creating a stable carbonaceous deposit, and consecutive self-initiated photografting and photopolymerization (SIPGP). This newly applied technique, reactive writing (RW), is investigated with 1H,1H,2H,2H-perfluorooctyltriethoxysilane SAM (PF-SAM) on silicon oxide, which, when modified by RW, can be selectively functionalized by SIPGP. With the monomer N,N-dimethylaminoethyl methacrylate (DMAEMA), we demonstrate the straightforward formation of polymer brush gradients and single polymer lines of sub-100 nm lateral dimensions, with high contrast to the PF-SAM background. The lithography parameters acceleration voltage, irradiation dose, beam current and dwell time were systematically varied to identify the optimal conditions for the maximum conversion of the SAM into a carbonaceous deposit. The results of this approach were compared to patterns prepared by carbon templating (CT) under analogous conditions, revealing a dwell time dependency, which differs from earlier reports. This new technique expands the range of CT by giving the opportunity to not only vary the chemistry of the created polymer patterns with monomer choice but also vary the chemistry of the surrounding substrate.

Orientador: Washington Barbosa Leite Júnior / Resumo: O depósito polimetálico Sn (W, Zn, Cu, Pb) Morro Potosi, localizado no município de Itapuã do Oeste, região centro-norte do Estado de Rondônia, foi o primeiro depósito primário de estanho descoberto na Província Estanífera de Rondônia, em 1977. Até 1987, ano de encerramento das atividades exploratória da mina, foram exploradas 8 000 t de Sn apenas em seus primeiros 55 metros de profundidade. O depósito é caracterizado como um exogreisen brechado, com aproximadamente 170 m de profundidade, formado sobre os gnaisses do embasamento (Complexo Jamari). A mineralização está associada a greisens, microgranito, topazito, veios de quartzo e vênulas e miárolos tardios. A primeira fase de mineralização é caracterizada por cassiterita disseminada em greisens constituídos por quartzo, muscovita, sericita e topázio, com fluorita, rutilo tantalífero, zircão, monazita e óxido de Bi e W como minerais acessórios. A segunda fase compreende diques e veios de microgranito com cassiterita disseminada, que cortam o gnaisse e constituem a matriz de uma brecha cujos fragmentos são formados pelo próprio gnaisse. Diques e veios de topazito com cassiterita disseminada cortam o gnaisse e o greisen e formam a matriz de brechas com fragmentos de dimensão e formatos variados. Veios e vênulas de quartzo cortam as litologias anteriores. Possuem muscovita, topázio, cassiterita, wolframita, esfalerita, calcopirita e pirita como principais acessórios, além de quantidades subordinadas de galena, arsenopirita e es... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo) / Abstract: The Potosi Hill polymetallic deposit (Sn, W, Zn, Cu, Pb), located in Itapuã do Oeste, in the northern region of Rondônia State, was the first primary tin deposit discovered in Rondônia Tin Province, in 1977. In 1987 8000 t Sn only in its first 55 meters deep. The deposit is characterized as a breccia exogreisen body, with approximately 170 m deep, formed on the basement gneiss rocks (Jamari Complex). Mineralization is associated with greisens, microgranite, topazite, quartz veins and late miarolitic cavities and veinlets. The first mineralization stage is characterized by disseminated cassiterite in greisens consisting of quartz, muscovite, sericite and topaz, with fluorite, tantaliferous rutile, zircon, monazite and Bi and W oxide as accessory minerals. The second phase comprises microgranite dikes and veins with disseminated cassiterite, which crosscut the gneiss and constitute the matrix of a breccia with fragments of gneiss. Topazite dikes and veins with disseminated cassiterite crosscut the gneiss and the greisen and constitute the matrix of breccias with fragments of size and varied formats. Quartz veins and veinlets crosscut the previous rocks. They have muscovite, topaz, cassiterite, wolframite, sphalerite, chalcopyrite and pyrite as main accessories, as well as subordinate amounts of galena, arsenopyrite and stannite. Late miarolitic cavities and veinlets occur as the last stage of mineralization. They consist of different proportions of quartz, fluorite, muscovite, ... (Complete abstract click electronic access below) / Mestre

The Kinsevere mine is a copper deposit located in the Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC), within the Central African Copperbelt. This area is situated in the Katangan basin within the SE portion of the Lufilian Arc, which is a large, arcuate structure that extends from SE Angola, across the DRC, and into NW Zambia. The purpose of this study is to characterise the brittle deformation observed around the Kinsevere copper deposit to lead to an understanding of the deformation history of the area. This is accomplished by analysing fault-slip and fold data to help understand the relationship between regional palaeostress, faulting and folding present in the mine vicinity. This study also attempts to characterise fracture-controlled copper mineralisation within the interpreted geodynamic context of the area. The broader objective of this study is to relate the structural observations from Kinsevere to the deformation history of the Lufilian Arc. This study uses the right dihedral method to analyse four categories of brittle structures. The structural types analysed include slickensided faults, mineralised joints, and unmineralised joints and shear fractures. The data suggests that the palaeostress associated with the formation of brittle structures in the Kinsevere area occurred during three deformation events. The first event is characterised by a compressional stress regime which occurred during the early stage of the Kolwezian phase (D1). The second event is characterised by a strike-slip stress regime that formed as the result of clockwise rotation of the earlier (D1) compressional regime. Two fault-slip vectors were observed on the strike-slip fault planes, indicating that a reactivation occurred during the Monwezian phase (D2). The final structural event was characterised by the development of an extensional stress regime. This was associated with North-South oriented extension and is related to the East African Rift System (D3). These interpreted events correlate well with the geodynamic context related to the Lufilian orogeny. Another line of evidence that supports this structural interpretation is the presence of evaporitic minerals observed in the stratigraphic units surrounding the brecciated zones such as the RAT and the CMN. The structural association of these evaporitic minerals may be related to pre-existing, salt-bearing units, which were dissolved during an early compressive (D1) phase of the Lufilian orogeny. However, the contact between the Grey RAT and the Red RAT (distal from the breccia zones) does not show any evidence of faulting, and in the Kinsevere area the Grey RAT is always observed above the Red RAT. This suggests that the Grey RAT may be the uppermost stratigraphic unit of the RAT subgroup, which contradicts some previously published interpretations. Thus, the current structural architecture was probably formed from a combination of two separate mechanisms, including compression-related salt extrusion and the development of thrust faults and folding resulting from the shortening of the Katangan basin. Based on an analysis of the fracture-controlled mineralisation in the study area, it is shown here that most of the stress tensors indicate that these fractures were induced within the compressional stress regime generated by the Lufilian orogeny. This conclusion supports studies which suggest a multiphase origin for the mineralizing fluids active in the Katangan basin. Thus, the age of the copper mineralisation associated with fractures is interpreted to correlate with the timing of the folding event that occurred during the Lufilian orogeny between 540-550Ma. / Dissertation (MSc)--University of Pretoria, 2012. / Geology / unrestricted

Ziel der vorliegenden Arbeit war es eine Aussage zur Validität eines Prozessmodells zur Strahlreinigung anhand zweier Stärkeverschmutzungen zu treffen. Dazu wurden die Messdatenerfassung und -auswertung bezüglich optischer Wechselwirkungen zwischen Quellungs- und Abtragvorgängen der Stärke korrigiert. Zur Parametrierung eines verschmutzungsspezifischen Abtragmodells quellungsfähiger Verschmutzungsstoffe erfolgte eine ausführliche Parameterstudie in einer ebenen Kanalströmung für die generierten Modellverschmutzungen der Wachsmais- und Maisstärke. Die ermittelten Modellparameter wurden daraufhin auf verschmutzungs- und strömungsseitige Abhängigkeiten hin untersucht und folgend an die Vorgänge bei der Strahlreinigung angepasst. Eine weitere Parameterstudie mit variierten Betriebsgrößen der Strahlreinigung erlaubte letztlich einen Vergleich des analytischen Reinigungsmodells sowie der numerischen Reinigungssimulation mit den Experimentdaten.:Verzeichnis der verwendeten Formelzeichen Verzeichnis der verwendeten Abkürzungen 1 Einleitung 2 Stand der Technik 2.1 Grundlagen der Reinigung 2.1.1 Verschmutzung und ihre Versagensarten 2.1.2 Einteilung und Verfahrensparameter der Reinigung 2.1.3 Physikalische Vorgänge bei der Strahlreinigung 2.1.4 Klassifizierung und Reinigungsverhalten von Verschmutzungen 2.2 Detektion des Reinigungsverlaufs 2.2.1 Physikalischer Effekt der Photolumineszenz 2.2.2 Praktische Anwendung der Photolumineszenz zur Reinigungsdetektion 2.3 Aktueller Stand des Prozessmodells 2.3.1 Grundaufbau des Prozessmodells 2.3.2 Modellierung der Fluidströmung 2.3.3 Modellierung und Parametrierung des Verschmutzungsabtrags 2.3.4 Validierung des Prozessmodells 3 Zielsetzung und Lösungsweg 4 Modellverschmutzungen 4.1 Physikalische und chemische Eigenschaften der Stärke 4.2 Auswahl der Stärkeart 4.3 Herstellung der Modellverschmutzungen 4.4 Auftrag der Modellverschmutzungen 5 Parametrierung des Abtragmodells 5.1 Kanalreinigungsversuchsstand 5.2 Optische Wechselwirkungen bei Quell- und Abtragsprozessen 5.2.1 Problematik 5.2.2 Ersatzexperimente 5.2.3 Korrektur der Wechselwirkungen 5.3 Parameterstudie 5.3.1 Versuchsplanung 5.3.2 Versuchsdurchführung 5.4 Modellparametrierung 5.4.1 Durchführung 5.4.2 Parameterauswertung 5.5 Modellvalidierung 5.6 Reinigungsversuche mit Vorquellung 6 Validierung des Prozessmodells zur Strahlreinigung 6.1 Strahlreinigungsversuchsstand 6.2 Übertragung der Ergebnisse 6.2.1 Optische Korrekturen 6.2.2 Strömungsverhältnisse 6.3 Parameterstudie 6.3.1 Versuchsplanung 6.3.2 Versuchsdurchführung 6.4 Modellvalidierung 6.4.1 Variation des Düsendurchmessers 6.4.2 Variation des Düsendrucks 6.4.3 Variation des Düsenabstands 6.4.4 Variation der Ausgangsverschmutzungsmenge 7 Einschätzung der Validität des Prozessmodells 8 Ansatzpunkte zur Modellverbesserung 9 Zusammenfassung und Ausblick Eidesstattliche Erklärung Thesen Literaturverzeichnis Abbildungsverzeichnis Tabellenverzeichnis Anlagenverzeichnis / The aim of this study was to make a statement on the validity of a process model for jet cleaning using two starch soils. For this purpose the measurement data acquisition and analysis were corrected with respect to optical interactions between swelling and cleaning processes of the starch soil. A detailed parameter study was carried out in a planar channel flow for the parametrization of a soiling specific removal model of swellable soil deposits for the viewed waxy maize starch and maize starch. The model parameters determined were then examined to soil and flow dependencies and following adapted to the processes involved in jet cleaning. Another parameter study with varying operating parameters of the jet cleaning allowed the comparison of the analytical cleaning model and numerical cleaning simulation with the experiment data.:Verzeichnis der verwendeten Formelzeichen Verzeichnis der verwendeten Abkürzungen 1 Einleitung 2 Stand der Technik 2.1 Grundlagen der Reinigung 2.1.1 Verschmutzung und ihre Versagensarten 2.1.2 Einteilung und Verfahrensparameter der Reinigung 2.1.3 Physikalische Vorgänge bei der Strahlreinigung 2.1.4 Klassifizierung und Reinigungsverhalten von Verschmutzungen 2.2 Detektion des Reinigungsverlaufs 2.2.1 Physikalischer Effekt der Photolumineszenz 2.2.2 Praktische Anwendung der Photolumineszenz zur Reinigungsdetektion 2.3 Aktueller Stand des Prozessmodells 2.3.1 Grundaufbau des Prozessmodells 2.3.2 Modellierung der Fluidströmung 2.3.3 Modellierung und Parametrierung des Verschmutzungsabtrags 2.3.4 Validierung des Prozessmodells 3 Zielsetzung und Lösungsweg 4 Modellverschmutzungen 4.1 Physikalische und chemische Eigenschaften der Stärke 4.2 Auswahl der Stärkeart 4.3 Herstellung der Modellverschmutzungen 4.4 Auftrag der Modellverschmutzungen 5 Parametrierung des Abtragmodells 5.1 Kanalreinigungsversuchsstand 5.2 Optische Wechselwirkungen bei Quell- und Abtragsprozessen 5.2.1 Problematik 5.2.2 Ersatzexperimente 5.2.3 Korrektur der Wechselwirkungen 5.3 Parameterstudie 5.3.1 Versuchsplanung 5.3.2 Versuchsdurchführung 5.4 Modellparametrierung 5.4.1 Durchführung 5.4.2 Parameterauswertung 5.5 Modellvalidierung 5.6 Reinigungsversuche mit Vorquellung 6 Validierung des Prozessmodells zur Strahlreinigung 6.1 Strahlreinigungsversuchsstand 6.2 Übertragung der Ergebnisse 6.2.1 Optische Korrekturen 6.2.2 Strömungsverhältnisse 6.3 Parameterstudie 6.3.1 Versuchsplanung 6.3.2 Versuchsdurchführung 6.4 Modellvalidierung 6.4.1 Variation des Düsendurchmessers 6.4.2 Variation des Düsendrucks 6.4.3 Variation des Düsenabstands 6.4.4 Variation der Ausgangsverschmutzungsmenge 7 Einschätzung der Validität des Prozessmodells 8 Ansatzpunkte zur Modellverbesserung 9 Zusammenfassung und Ausblick Eidesstattliche Erklärung Thesen Literaturverzeichnis Abbildungsverzeichnis Tabellenverzeichnis Anlagenverzeichnis