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Made available in DSpace on 2016-03-15T19:46:40Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Paulo da Silva Lima.pdf: 543628 bytes, checksum: 70f1716ebc7d71948a1ea1aafd90f2a3 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2008-06-16 / Instituto Presbiteriano Mackenzie / To present dissertation has for objective to analyze, with base in the theory of the Argumentation and in fundaments of the Analysis of the Discourse, editorials that approach the subject of the Brazilian aerial crisis among the years of 2006 and 2007. For that, two texts of the newspaper will be explored O Estado de São Paulo and two of the Folha de São Paulo. That research will be sustained by authors as Aristóteles, whose approach portrays the rhetorical studies of the Antique and that to today last long in the researches about argumentation. Also the theories of Perelman & Tyteca will be used, feeling emphasis to the new rhetoric in Treaty of the Argumentation and of Olivier Reboul that approaches the main subjects on the study of the rhetoric. They will be used for the analysis of the corpus, theories of the analysis of the discourse of French line that consider that the discursive process includes as much the linguistic aspect as the social, because the enunciater is marked by partner-historical factors that are certain for the discursive and ideological formations that govern any discursive action. Like this, they will be identified the rhetorical and linguistic resources that will be to demonstrate that the editorial is a text highly argumentative, since in his essence there is always the presence of the ideology belonging to the journalistic institution. Therefore, they will be shown which argumentative techniques referred them newspapers used in the attempt of to persuade and to spread his ideological posture in relation to the problems of the Brazilian aviation. / A presente dissertação tem por objetivo analisar, com base na teoria da Argumentação e em fundamentos da Análise do Discurso, editoriais que abordam a questão da crise aérea brasileira entre os anos de 2006 e 2007. Para isso, serão explorados dois textos do jornal O Estado de São Paulo e dois da Folha de São Paulo. Essa pesquisa será sustentada por autores como Aristóteles, cuja abordagem retrata os estudos retóricos da Antigüidade e que até hoje perduram nas pesquisas sobre argumentação. Também serão usadas as teorias de Perelman & Tyteca, dando-se ênfase à nova retórica em Tratado da Argumentação e de Olivier Reboul que aborda as principais questões sobre o estudo da retórica. Serão utilizadas para a análise do corpus, teorias da análise do discurso de linha francesa que consideram que o processo discursivo abrange tanto o aspecto lingüístico quanto o social, pois o enunciador é marcado por fatores sócio-históricos que são determinados pelas formações discursivas e ideológicas que regem qualquer ato discursivo. Assim, serão identificados os recursos retóricos e lingüísticos que servirão para demonstrar que o editorial é um texto altamente argumentativo, já que em sua essência há sempre a presença da ideologia pertencente à instituição jornalística. Por isso, mostrar-se-ão quais técnicas argumentativas os referidos jornais usaram na tentativa de persuadir e propagar sua postura ideológica em relação aos problemas da aviação brasileira.

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This study aims to contribute to the understanding of ideology conveyed by lexical items and framing of texts. Since ideology is embedded in language the frames used in newspapers construct a narrow ideological perspective for the readers to interpret subjects and events through. On the basis of editorials from The Washington Post and The Washington Times that cover President Barack Obama, the study examines how the editorials differ in their framing of Obama and which discourses and keywords occur unusually frequently in each newspaper. Findings suggest that when it comes to framing, The Washington Post allows for a relatively balanced perspective on Obama as they both support and criticise him, while The Washington Times overwhelmingly condemns and attacks Obama. A keyword analysis points to unusually frequent discourses on race, conservatives and reforms in The Washington Post, and spending, unemployment and political institutions in The Washington Times. Because of their ideological differences the newspapers construct a reality where the subject, Obama, is presented in very different ways.

Through Critical Discourse analysis, this thesis examined the discursive construction of terrorism related events and finds out the common definiens of terrorism in the editorials of two Bangladeshi English-medium newspaper. The Daily Star & Dhaka Tribune, both the newspapers covered terrorism related events in their editorials throughout the year of 2015. This thesis finds out the discrepancies in the produced expression and in the use of other common definiens of terrorism in the editorials. The newspapers were different in producing expressions against terrorism while sympathetic in portraying the victims and usually supported the victims. Both the newspapers represented perpetrators from ideological perspective, while distancing the ideologies from religious teachings. The newspapers identify terrorism as a serious threat both to security, social stability and perceives terrorist attacks as a threat to many crucial democratic values. In light of the problem, the newspapers suggested various policy recommendation, criticized the law enforcement for failures and emphasized on the engagement of religious clerics to curb terrorism from a Bangladeshi perspective, while stressing on the promotion of secular values of the country and its society.

Neste trabalho, é nosso objetivo principal investigar o discurso argumentativo no gênero editorial dos jornais O Dia e Folha de São Paulo, estabelecendo comparações. É intuito, também, explorar o posicionamento do articulista frente aos argumentos levantados no texto, as vozes que permeiam os editoriais, bem como o papel dos conectivos no discurso editorialista. Esta pesquisa está dividida em quatro capítulos: o primeiro, que trata de gêneros textuais e tipologia textual; o segundo, que compara o jornalismo do Sudeste com o do Piauí; o terceiro, que expõe sobre o modo argumentativo, e o quarto e último, que trata da análise dos editoriais. O corpus do trabalho consta de 20 editoriais, sendo que dez são do jornal teresinense O Dia e dez da Folha de São Paulo. Os editoriais do jornal O Dia foram coletados entre setembro e dezembro de 2011, e os da Folha, entre junho e setembro deste ano. Para subsidiar nossas observações, elegemos, como aporte teórico, as ideias defendidas, principalmente, por Bakthin ([1979], 2003)), Marcuschi (2008, 2010), Koch (2011), Perelman e Olbrechts-Tyteca (2005), Charaudeau (1992, 1997, 2006, 2010), Ducrot e Anscombre (1983) / In this paper our main goal is to investigate the argumentative speech in the editorial gender from O Dia and Folha de São Paulo Newspapers, establishing comparisons. Exploiting the position from the articulator faced to the arguments raised in the text, the voices which pervade the editorials as well as the role of the connectives in the editorial speech are also our aim. This research is divided in four chapters: the first treats the genders and textual typology; the second relates to journalism in the Southeast Region and in the State of Piauí; the third exposes the argumentative manner and the fourth and last analyses the editorials. The corpus of this paper consists of 20 editorials, being ten from O Dia Newspaper and ten from Folha de São Paulo Newspaper. The editorials from O Dia Newspaper were collected between the months of September and December 2011, and those from Folha de São Paulo Newspaper between the months of June and September 2012. In order to assist our observations, we elected as theoretical basis the ideas defended mainly by Bakthin (2003 [1979]), Marcuschi (2008, 2010), Koch (2011), Perelman and Olbrechts-Tyteca (2005), Charaudeau (1992, 1997, 2010), Ducrot and Anscombre (1994)

Neste trabalho, é nosso objetivo principal investigar o discurso argumentativo no gênero editorial dos jornais O Dia e Folha de São Paulo, estabelecendo comparações. É intuito, também, explorar o posicionamento do articulista frente aos argumentos levantados no texto, as vozes que permeiam os editoriais, bem como o papel dos conectivos no discurso editorialista. Esta pesquisa está dividida em quatro capítulos: o primeiro, que trata de gêneros textuais e tipologia textual; o segundo, que compara o jornalismo do Sudeste com o do Piauí; o terceiro, que expõe sobre o modo argumentativo, e o quarto e último, que trata da análise dos editoriais. O corpus do trabalho consta de 20 editoriais, sendo que dez são do jornal teresinense O Dia e dez da Folha de São Paulo. Os editoriais do jornal O Dia foram coletados entre setembro e dezembro de 2011, e os da Folha, entre junho e setembro deste ano. Para subsidiar nossas observações, elegemos, como aporte teórico, as ideias defendidas, principalmente, por Bakthin ([1979], 2003)), Marcuschi (2008, 2010), Koch (2011), Perelman e Olbrechts-Tyteca (2005), Charaudeau (1992, 1997, 2006, 2010), Ducrot e Anscombre (1983) / In this paper our main goal is to investigate the argumentative speech in the editorial gender from O Dia and Folha de São Paulo Newspapers, establishing comparisons. Exploiting the position from the articulator faced to the arguments raised in the text, the voices which pervade the editorials as well as the role of the connectives in the editorial speech are also our aim. This research is divided in four chapters: the first treats the genders and textual typology; the second relates to journalism in the Southeast Region and in the State of Piauí; the third exposes the argumentative manner and the fourth and last analyses the editorials. The corpus of this paper consists of 20 editorials, being ten from O Dia Newspaper and ten from Folha de São Paulo Newspaper. The editorials from O Dia Newspaper were collected between the months of September and December 2011, and those from Folha de São Paulo Newspaper between the months of June and September 2012. In order to assist our observations, we elected as theoretical basis the ideas defended mainly by Bakthin (2003 [1979]), Marcuschi (2008, 2010), Koch (2011), Perelman and Olbrechts-Tyteca (2005), Charaudeau (1992, 1997, 2010), Ducrot and Anscombre (1994)

More than sixty years have passed since China's Resistance War against Japan in 1937-1945 ended. Chinese people made a significant contribution to winning the victory over Japan. Chinese newspapers and magazines, especially editorials at that time, played a key role in the propaganda of the War of Resistance, boosting national morale, and exposing war crimes of Japanese aggressors. Chinese newspapers and magazines included many important incidents and issues regarding the War of Resistance. This thesis selects editorials of three representative topics: the future of the War of Resistance, the defensive combat of the Chinese nationalist army in the front lines, and the war crimes of Japanese invaders to offer a clear, concise narrative whose central themes are better reflecting and commemorating that unforgettable time from the cultural dimension.

In this thesis I have conducted a critical discourse analysis of foureditorial texts, published in the newspapers Aftonbladet, DagensNyheter, Expressen and Svenska Dagbladet. Drawing on theoriesabout media discourses (Fairclough 1995), agenda-setting(McCombs & Shaw 1972) and framing (Goffman 1974), I haveexamined how the findings of Bolin et al (2016) correlate with discursivelyframed representations in these texts, in regards to negative,positive or neutral framing of border controls, immigrationand the connection made to political parties during the first weekof January 2016, when the Swedish temporary border controlswere introduced.The results showed both consistencies and inconsistencies in regardsto framing, where the liberal newspapers Dagens Nyheterand Expressen’s editorials were less negative towards the bordercontrols and expressed more negative and stereotypical framingson refugees and migration than expected, whereas the independentsocial democratic Aftonbladet expressed the assumed negativeframing on border controls and the Social Democrates, and positiveframing on migration. The most unexpected findings wasSvenska Dagbladet that contrary to the previous findings in Bolinet al’s study framed migration positively and took the most explicitstand against the border controls. The findings may indicate a politicaland cultural change due to the change in directions in theSocial Democrats migration politics.

In the midst of the Finnish NATO process Turkey was discussed in the Finnish news more than before. This was due to Turkey withholding Finland’s NATO membership for almost a year. This study investigates the framing of Turkey in the editorials of Helsingin Sanomat (HS), the largest and most influential newspaper in Finland to understand whether the NATO membership process affected the framing. A frame analysis is constructed over three periods: before Finnish NATO application, during the accession process, and after the membership was ratified. The emerging frames are compared in a diachronic comparison. The analysis is guided by Entman’s (1993) framing model and his four framing functions to understand how the editorials define problems, diagnose causes, make moral judgements, and suggest remedies.  This study finds that the HS editorials’ framing of Turkey focuses on the president of the country and is negative throughout the periods. No radical changes in framing were found over the periods, but all throughout Erdoğan’s politics were seen as senseless, undemocratic, and oppressive. The frames develop towards harsher direction over the periods, and the Finnish alignment with Turkey through NATO can be considered to play a part in this framing.