Pedagogical documentation inspired by the early childhood schools of Reggio Emilia, Italy is a tool for teacher inquiry, learning, and development. Teachers systematically reflect upon artifacts that make visible children’s thinking, using for instance, digital photographs, quotations of children’s verbal thoughts, and teachers’ field notes. In two Reggio-inspired childcare centres in Toronto, Ontario, Canada, early childhood educators formed two teacher learning groups to study pedagogical documentation. As participants studied these artifacts (i.e. documentation), an underlying question emerges: What happens to teacher learning when early childhood educators form teacher learning groups to study pedagogical documentation in childcare centres? From this question, participants collaborated throughout six to seven research meetings to discuss and reflect upon documentation that they created. Portraiture research as a method of qualitative inquiry (Lawrence-Lightfoot, 1983; Lawrence-Lightfoot & Davis, 1997) offered a range of data collection methods used in this study, including videotaped research meetings, participants’ documentation work, open-ended group interview, and researcher’s field notes. These methods informed the portraiture research and constructed a vivid, in-depth look at participants’ experiences in studying pedagogical documentation in teacher learning groups. The results of this study are retold through two portraits focusing on the co-construction of teacher knowledge in teacher learning groups. Participants’ experiences such as deconstructing barriers to documentation practice, developing new documentation skills, critical self-reflection upon teacher practice, and emergent curriculum planning generated two rich portraits of teacher learning and development. Essential themes, conclusions, and implications appear in the examination of the two portraits and are explored in the final chapter. The themes included: (1) Skills of documentation, (2) Teacher learning and, (3) Teacher collaboration. Overall, this research study exposed the questions and assumptions, process of inquires, and new teacher knowledges and practices developed by two groups of early childhood educators in this study.

Pedagogical documentation inspired by the early childhood schools of Reggio Emilia, Italy is a tool for teacher inquiry, learning, and development. Teachers systematically reflect upon artifacts that make visible children’s thinking, using for instance, digital photographs, quotations of children’s verbal thoughts, and teachers’ field notes. In two Reggio-inspired childcare centres in Toronto, Ontario, Canada, early childhood educators formed two teacher learning groups to study pedagogical documentation. As participants studied these artifacts (i.e. documentation), an underlying question emerges: What happens to teacher learning when early childhood educators form teacher learning groups to study pedagogical documentation in childcare centres? From this question, participants collaborated throughout six to seven research meetings to discuss and reflect upon documentation that they created. Portraiture research as a method of qualitative inquiry (Lawrence-Lightfoot, 1983; Lawrence-Lightfoot & Davis, 1997) offered a range of data collection methods used in this study, including videotaped research meetings, participants’ documentation work, open-ended group interview, and researcher’s field notes. These methods informed the portraiture research and constructed a vivid, in-depth look at participants’ experiences in studying pedagogical documentation in teacher learning groups. The results of this study are retold through two portraits focusing on the co-construction of teacher knowledge in teacher learning groups. Participants’ experiences such as deconstructing barriers to documentation practice, developing new documentation skills, critical self-reflection upon teacher practice, and emergent curriculum planning generated two rich portraits of teacher learning and development. Essential themes, conclusions, and implications appear in the examination of the two portraits and are explored in the final chapter. The themes included: (1) Skills of documentation, (2) Teacher learning and, (3) Teacher collaboration. Overall, this research study exposed the questions and assumptions, process of inquires, and new teacher knowledges and practices developed by two groups of early childhood educators in this study.

Syftet med fallstudien var att ta reda på hur sju pedagoger synliggör, stimulerar och skapar en miljö för matematisk stimulering och utveckling. Undersökningen gjordes med både observationer och intervjuer. Det som jag observerade och intervjuade var hur pedagogerna synliggör matematiken i barnens vardag, då i bland annat samlingen och i leken. Även miljön observerades, och pedagogerna blev även intervjuade om deras syn på miljöns betydelse för matematisk stimulering. Resultatet visades att pedagogerna är med och stimulerar matematik under hela dagen på förskolan. Det visades även att samspel, motivation och lek har betydelse för barns lärande i matematik. Pedagogerna ansåg att matematik sker spontant i barnens vardag, då det är pedagogernas uppgift att göra barnen medvetna om matematik genom att synliggöra den och stimulera den på olika sätt i praktiska och i lekfulla situationer. Reggio Emilias pedagogiska filosofi togs upp studien, med utgångspunkt att se barn som kompetenta. I alla förskolor användes dokumentation på olika sätt för att synliggöra barns lärande och en hjälp för fortsatt arbete. I förskolans vardag används olika former av matematik, så som rumsuppfattning, tal och räkning, samt sortering. I studien framkom det även att miljön har stor betydelse för matematisk stimulering i förskolan, dvs. laborativt material så som knappar, spel, naturmaterial och mätredskap är betydelsefullt. Skogen visade sig i studien vara en väsentlig miljö för barns matematikutveckling där många matematiska begrepp synliggörs.

This research project discusses the construction of human nature in the medical-scientific discourse of the second half of the nineteenth century in three different works from the Naturalism movement: O Homem (1887), by the Brazilian author Aluísio Azevedo; Sin Rumbo (1885), by the Argentinian Eugenio Cambacérès Alaias; Los pazos de Ulloa (1886), by the Galician author Emilia Pardo Bazán. My arrival at this topic -the human condition in medical-scientific discourse- developed from reading The Political Technology of Individuals (1982), where Michel Foucault affirmed that the art of governing people at the turn of the nineteenth century is based on the observation of the nature of governed subjects (149). Thus, my endeavor is to answer some of the questions raised by Foucault’s claim such as: how is the human subject portrayed in the medical-scientific discourse, and what status is it given? Hence, I begin my analysis with La Psychologie comme science naturelle: son présent & son avenir (1876), a theoretical text developed within the medical-scientific framework, and whose author Joseph Delboeuf was a member of the Nancy School, founded in 1882. This text was cited in La cuestión palpitante by Emilia Pardo Bazán, a work in which the notion of being is depicted as a split into two dimensions: the physical and the subjective. Many authors, like Charles Taylor in Source of the self. The making of the modern identity (1989), for example, have observed this historical and uniquely modern phenomenon, I attempt to focus on the consequences of this process of the division of human nature, such as the institutionalization of a diseased state of self, as well as the death of God and being, and finally, the restoration of Catholic tradition contra medical-scientific discourse. / Este trabalho problematiza a construção da natureza humana no discurso médico-científico da segunda metade do século XIX em quatro diferentes obras: O Homem (1887), do escritor brasileiro Aluísio Azevedo, Sin Rumbo (1885), do argentino Eugenio Cambaceres, La cuestión palpitante (1883) e Los pazos de Ulloa (1886), ambas da escritora espanhola Emilia Pardo Bazán. O tema em questão surgiu da leitura de The Political Technology of Individuals (1982), no qual Michel Foucault afirma que o fundamento da arte de governar, que surge no final do século XVIII, seria a observação da natureza daqueles que são governados (149). A partir desta sentença, procuramos responder algumas questões, por exemplo: como o discurso médico-científico tratou o indivíduo no nível da linguagem e qual passou a ser seu status. Nesse sentido, inciamos nosso trabalho com um texto teórico desenvolvido no âmbito das ciências médicas, de Joseph Delboeuf (1831-1896), membro da escola de Nancy fundada em 1882: La Psychologie comme science naturelle: son présent & son avenir (1876), citado por Emilia Pardo Bazán em La cuestión palpitante, no qual o ser é dividido em duas diferentes dimensões, a física e a subjetiva. Muitos autores, como Charles Taylor em Source of the self. The making of the modern identity, tem observado este histórico e singular fenômeno moderno. Entretanto, dedicamo-nos às consequências deste evento, como a instituição de uma natureza doentia do ser, a morte de Deus e a do próprio homem, bem como o resgate da tradição sagrada contra o discurso médico-científico. / text

Syftet med denna essä är att undersöka den konflikt som uppkommer när studenter som vi genomgår en erfarenhetsbaserad förskollärarutbildning, där nya teoretiska kunskaper ska samspela med redan beprövad erfarenhet från yrket. De situationer som uppstått i vår praktik har legat till grund för de gestaltningar vi skrivit. Tvivlet, osäkerheten och kritiken vi har burit på har väckt en stark vilja att ta reda på vad dessa känslor bottnar i. Våra gestaltningar har uppstått i en verksamhet där Reggio Emiliafilosofin tycks vara rådande därför vill vi också undersöka vad Reggio Emiliafilosofin står för samt vad verktyget pedagogisk dokumentation är och om det finns olika sätt att förstå detta. Genom att undersöka Aristoteles olika kunskapsformer får vi syn på vårt eget kunnande och kan sätta det i relation till vår kunskapsprocess och pedagogisk dokumentation. Den undersökning vi gör i och med denna essä ger oss möjligheter att få kunskap om Reggio Emiliafilosofin, pedagogisk dokumentation och vår egen kunskapsprocess. Detta hjälper oss vidare på vår kunskapsresa och i vår professionsutveckling. Vi har valt att skriva i essäform då vi önskar att använda en metod som är prövande och sökande samt att den ger oss möjligheter att utgå från våra egna erfarenheter. För att få en ökad förståelse för de frågor vi undersöker har vi försökt att se våra gestaltningar ur olika perspektiv med hjälp av relevant forskningslitteratur. I dialog och reflektion med varandra, handledaren och med övriga studenter i handledningsgruppen har vi fått distans till våra gestaltningar och gruppens tankar och frågor har hjälpt oss vidare i vårt undersökande. I vår essä använder vi oss av teorier som hermeneutik och fenomenologi vilket ger oss möjlighet att utgå från vår erfarenhet och tolka och förstå de fenomen som uppstår i vårt medvetande.

This study examines what and how classroom teachers and a music specialist learn on their own, with each other, and with their students when they engage in collaborative, multimodal teaching and learning experiences. Through excerpts from interviews, planning sessions, focus groups, and the retelling of classroom experiences, this action research-inspired narrative inquiry documents and explores the experiences of four elementary school teachers as they worked together over a 12-week period. Through a restructured music schedule—designed to facilitate sustainable integrated, multiple literacy experiences—the teachers collaborated with the children and with one another to co-construct authentic learning experiences which drew upon and expanded students' interests and inquiries, and which positioned music in new ways as another classroom language. The unfolding stories examined in this inquiry resonate with the ideas and the spirit of the atelier in Reggio Emilia schools, and they point to the importance of meaningful, collaborative relationships in teacher learning and reflection. The study has implications for the ways in which musical experiences may be structured, made more complex, and revalued in elementary schools.

This study examines what and how classroom teachers and a music specialist learn on their own, with each other, and with their students when they engage in collaborative, multimodal teaching and learning experiences. Through excerpts from interviews, planning sessions, focus groups, and the retelling of classroom experiences, this action research-inspired narrative inquiry documents and explores the experiences of four elementary school teachers as they worked together over a 12-week period. Through a restructured music schedule—designed to facilitate sustainable integrated, multiple literacy experiences—the teachers collaborated with the children and with one another to co-construct authentic learning experiences which drew upon and expanded students' interests and inquiries, and which positioned music in new ways as another classroom language. The unfolding stories examined in this inquiry resonate with the ideas and the spirit of the atelier in Reggio Emilia schools, and they point to the importance of meaningful, collaborative relationships in teacher learning and reflection. The study has implications for the ways in which musical experiences may be structured, made more complex, and revalued in elementary schools.

Univ., Diss.--Osnabrück, 2005.

Nesta Dissertação, discute-se a desconstrução no texto Psicogênese da língua escrita de Ferreiro e Teberosky (1987) conforme a concepção derridiana. Deste modo, o texto é compreendido em sentido ampliado, ou seja, além do livro mencionado, foram analisados os comentários, as revisões, as críticas e a tradução para Português que recebeu. Na interpretação deste texto, foram considerados elementos tradicionalmente denominados secundários, tais como: notas de rodapé, referências bibliográficas, uso de sinais não-fonéticos, prefácios e traduções de títulos. A análise destes elementos manteve-se entre o dizer e o querer-dizer das autoras, no sentido de identificar a heterogeneidade do texto. Demonstrou-se que esta heterogeneidade possibilita a abertura deste texto para novas leituras. / In this dissertation, it has discussed the deconstruction in Ferrero's and Teberosky's (1987) text Psicogênese da lingua escrita, according Derrida's conception. In such conception, besides the mentioned book, the text considers its revues, critics and comments. In this analyses it has considered elements usually considered secondary as such as notes, books references, non-phonetic signs, prefaces and title's translations. The analyses of this elements has situated between author's speech and theirs intentioned speech to identify text's heterogeneity. It has shown that this heterogeneity opens the text to the other readings.

Nesta Dissertação, discute-se a desconstrução no texto Psicogênese da língua escrita de Ferreiro e Teberosky (1987) conforme a concepção derridiana. Deste modo, o texto é compreendido em sentido ampliado, ou seja, além do livro mencionado, foram analisados os comentários, as revisões, as críticas e a tradução para Português que recebeu. Na interpretação deste texto, foram considerados elementos tradicionalmente denominados secundários, tais como: notas de rodapé, referências bibliográficas, uso de sinais não-fonéticos, prefácios e traduções de títulos. A análise destes elementos manteve-se entre o dizer e o querer-dizer das autoras, no sentido de identificar a heterogeneidade do texto. Demonstrou-se que esta heterogeneidade possibilita a abertura deste texto para novas leituras. / In this dissertation, it has discussed the deconstruction in Ferrero's and Teberosky's (1987) text Psicogênese da lingua escrita, according Derrida's conception. In such conception, besides the mentioned book, the text considers its revues, critics and comments. In this analyses it has considered elements usually considered secondary as such as notes, books references, non-phonetic signs, prefaces and title's translations. The analyses of this elements has situated between author's speech and theirs intentioned speech to identify text's heterogeneity. It has shown that this heterogeneity opens the text to the other readings.