Introdução: Devido à fatores hormonais e mecânicos, a gestação e o parto provocam alterações que podem gerar disfunções do assoalho pélvico (DAP). Os estudos sobre as DAP no puerpério a curto prazo são escassos e fazem uso assistemático de métodos avaliativos. Objetivo: Identificar e avaliar as DAP no pós-parto imediato, um mês e três meses após o parto, comparando parto vaginal (PV), cesárea eletiva (CE) e cesárea intraparto (CI). Métodos: Estudo observacional longitudinal que avaliou mulheres até 48 horas (fase 1); um mês (fase 2) e três meses após o parto (fase 3). Utilizou-se o International Consultation on Incontinence Questionnaire (ICIQ-SF); o Índice de Incontinência Anal (IA) de Jorge-Wexner; a Escala Análoga Visual (EVA) para dor pélvica; o Pelvic Organ Prolapse Quantification system (POP-Q) e a perineometria dos Músculos do Assoalho Pélvico (MAP), além de questionário estruturado. Resultados: Foram avaliadas 227 pacientes na fase 1 (141 realizaram PV; 28 realizaram CI e 58 realizaram CE); 79 na fase 2 e 41 na fase 3. O escore do ICIQ-SF, índice de IA, EVA e perineometria não apresentaram diferenças significativas em relação ao tipo de parto. O ponto distal do colo uterino apresentou-se mais prolapsado no grupo PV. Conclusão: O tipo de parto não foi um fator significante para o desenvolvimento das DAP no pós-parto a curto prazo. Foi identificado que ocorreu recuperação fisiológica na funcionalidade dos MAP e piora na sustentação da parede vaginal anterior e no impacto da incontinência urinária na qualidade de vida ao longo dos três meses. / Introduction: Due to mechanical and hormonal factors, pregnancy and childbirth triggers changes that can lead to pelvic floor dysfunction (PFD). PFD studies in the immediate postpartum period are scarce and do unsystematic use of evaluation methods. Objective: To identify and evaluate the immediate, one month and three months postpartum PFD, comparing vaginal delivery (VD), elective cesarean (ECS) and cesarean indicating (ICS) during labor. Methods: This was a longitudinal observational study that assessed postpartum women after up to 48 hours (phase 1); one month (phase 2) and three months (phase 3). The study used the International Consultation on Incontinence Questionnaire (ICIQ-SF); Jorge-Wexner's Anal Incontinence (AI) score; the Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) for pelvic pain; the Pelvic Organ Prolapse Quantification System (POP-Q); and a Pelvic Floor Muscles (PFM) perineometer, as well as a structured questionnaire. Results: A total of 227 patients were assessed in phase 1 (141 had VD, 28 ICS and 58 ECS); 79 in phase 2 and 41 in phase 3. The ICIQ-SF, AI, VAS and perineometer index did not present significant differences in relation to the type of delivery. The distal point of the cervix presented more prolapse in VD. Conclusion: The type of delivery was not a significant factor for the development of postpartum PFD in the short term. The study found that there was physiological recovery of the functionality of PFM and worsening prolapse of the anterior vaginal wall and urinary incontinence over the three months.

Bakgrund: Bäckenbotten utsätts för stor påfrestning under graviditet och förlossning. I samband med förlossning kan skador på bäckenbotten uppstå. Dessa skador kan leda till både kort- och långsiktiga besvär som i sin tur kan påverka kvinnors livskvalitet och dagliga liv. Syfte: Syftet med studien var att kartlägga vilka bäckenbottenbesvär kvinnor upplever 6-16 veckor efter vaginal förlossning samt att beskriva dess påverkan på livskvalitet och dagligt liv. Metod: Studien var en kvantitativ tvärsnittsstudie där datainsamling skedde via en webbenkät. Webbenkäten bestod av bakgrundsfrågor utformade av författarna samt två validerade enkäter, PFDI-20 och PFIQ-7. Insamlad data analyserades i statistikprogrammet SPSS. Totalt deltog 135 kvinnor i studien. Resultat: I kartläggningen framkom att en stor andel kvinnor drabbats av bäckenbottenbesvär efter förlossning. Trots det uppgav majoriteten av kvinnorna att de ej hade besvär från sin bäckenbotten som inverkade på deras livskvalitet eller dagliga liv. Bland de kvinnor som upplevde besvär var det främst förmågan att utföra dagliga hushållsarbeten, förmågan till fysisk aktivitet och påverkan på psykisk hälsa som påverkade livskvaliteten. Konklusion: Studiens resultat antyder på att en stor andel kvinnor drabbas av bäckenbottenbesvär efter vaginal förlossning. Det är viktigt att belysa denna problematik så att kvinnor kan få adekvat stöd och behandling vid besvär. Trots att majoriteten av respondenterna ej upplevde att bäckenbottenbesvären inverkade på deras livskvalitet eller dagliga liv är det viktigt att ej normalisera bäckenbottenbesvär eller att se dem som en naturlig följd av graviditet och förlossning. / Background: The pelvic floor is exposed to great stress during pregnancy and childbirth. In connection to childbirth, injuries to the pelvic floor can occur, so called birth injuries. These injuries can lead to both short- and long term problems for women. These problems can have an impact on womens quality of life and daily life. Aim: The purpose of the study was to chart which pelvic floor disorders women experience 6–16 weeks after vaginal delivery and describe its impact on quality of life and daily life. Method: The study was a quantitive cross-sectionalstudy where the data collection was done through a online questionnarie. The online questionnarie consisted of background questions designed by the authors and two validated questionnaries, PFDI-20 and PFIQ-7. Collected data was analyzed using the statistical program SPSS. A total of 135 women participated in the study. Result: In the survey of pelvic floor disorders, it was found that a large proportion of women suffered from pelvic floor disorders after childbirth. Despite this, the majority of women stated that they did not have problems from their pelvic floor that affected their quality of life or daily life. Among the women who experienced problems it was mainly the ability to perform household chores, the ability for physical activity and the impact on mental health that affected quality of life. Conclusion: The results of the study suggest that a large proportion of women suffer from pelvic floor disorders after vaginal delivery. It is important to shed light on this issue so that women can receive adequate support and treatment for their problems. Despite the fact that the majority of the respondents stated that their pelvic floor disorders did not affect quality of life or daily life, it is important to not normalize or see pelvic floor disorders as a natural consequence of pregnancy and childbirth.

Mit Hilfe von experimentellen Untersuchungen wird nachgewiesen, daß sich die nutzerseitig abgegebene Wärmestromdichte des außenwandnahen Fußbodenbereiches nicht allein über die Differenz zwischen der Heizflächen- und Raumtemperatur beschreiben läßt. Die Ableitung verallgemeinerbarer Berechnungsansätze ist Schwerpunkt der Arbeit. Die experimentellen Untersuchungen erfolgen in einem Modellraum in Originalgröße. Meßtechnisch erfaßt werden die Oberflächentemperaturen, die Lufttemperaturverteilung, die Luftgeschwindigkeitsverteilung und die örtliche Gesamtwärmestromdichte der beheizten Fußbodenbereiche. Der konvektive Wärmeübergang wird maßgeblich von der über dem Fußboden umgelenkten Falluftströmung an der Außenwand beeinflußt. Zur Berechnung der örtlichen Maximalgeschwindigkeiten wird ein einfacher Berechnungsansatz entwickelt. Mit Hilfe numerischer Untersuchungen erfolgt ein Vergleich verschiedener Heizsysteme hinsichtlich der Empfindungstemperaturverteilung.

The presented work contains several chapters in the field of Romanesque tile studies. After a clear summary of the current understanding of the development of floor treatment in our area from the early to the high Middle Ages, there follows an analysis of the extensive finds of the Ostrov monastery from recent research that took place at the site. In particular, features that are characteristic and clearly unique for Ostrov tiles are addressed. These are mainly evidence of an innovative approach to tile production. In order to be able to discuss such issues at all, the tiles first had to be processed into the form of a catalog, which is included in this thesis. We consider a clear arrangement of the findings as a necessary condition for further discussion on the chronology and significance of the presumed Ostrov production center. The next chapter is devoted to new findings about the oldest relief floor tiles in the Czech Republic, which are the tiles of the Vyšehrad type. Although there has not been a major shift in the scope of the source base recently, some assumptions can still be reformulated. Briefly, these include abandoning the idea of the Vyšehrad type tiles as a homogeneous group defined by a combination of four motifs, as well as an outline of the possibility of its chronological...

The subject of this diploma thesis is to design space heating system for building with five floors, where the first above ground floor is used as commercial space. Designed building have one underground floor and four above ground floors. Diploma thesis is designed as project of Building Service, specifically that of Heating. This diploma thesis contains calculations of the design heat load, design of radiators and others heating surfaces, hydraulic balancing, generation of domestic hot water, design of heat source, calculations of safety devices and pumps design. Part of this diploma thesis is also conceptual design of regulation.

The aim of this thesis is to design an air conditioning system of a flat unit in two variants of piping. The piping system of the first floor is installed into the floor in one variant, in the other it is in the ceiling. Data received from measurements within the experiment have been used for the design. The result of the measurement are minor loss coefficient implemented for bending pipes and pressure losses caused by rubbing. These values are used for dimensioning piping variants. Both types of piping are described in the theoretical part and the method of how the experiment had been processed.

The diploma thesis includes a new building of the fire department. The building is located in Valašské Klobouky, along Brumovská street. The main entrances to the buildings are oriented to the west. It is a two-storey building, in part a basement. The construction system is bricked. The object is covered with a flat and sloping roof.

Diploma thesis is focused on minimum allowed floor area in houses. In theoretical part are introduced basic terms as residential building, house, floor area, etc. Theoretical part continues with building typology, building orientation and mainly are introduced standard house requirments. Attention is also payed to non the less important chapters as built-up space and price indicators. All of theese informations which are contained in theoretical part will serve us to make practical part. Practical part is focused on draft of optimal house with the smallest allowed floor area, calculation of built-up space, detecting price of house thanks to price indicators and detecting price of one squared meter of floor area of house.

The subject of this diploma thesis is a project of boarding house. The building is situated in moderate slope terrain in cadastral territory Znojmo-město. Boarding house capacity is 36 beds. Boarding house has three floors and is designed from the structural system Ytong. The ceilings are made of filigree floor panels. The roof of the house is built as flat vegetation roof. In the first floor there is located main entrance, reception desk and dining room. In the second and third floor there are rooms for guests.

The Master’s thesis is focused on the analysis and design of selected members of load-bearing structure of an apartment house according to the ultimate limit states (ULS) and seviceability limit states (SLS). The calculation and the analysis was supported by design software SCIA ENGINEER 2017. Structural analysis deals with the design of the reinforced concrete floor slab of 1.PP, beams in 1.PP, selected walls in 1.NP and column in 1.PP and 1.NP. Thework beside this deals with the calculation and design of foundation of the object.