Made available in DSpace on 2017-07-21T18:13:32Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 NaboznyAlmir.pdf: 9338232 bytes, checksum: 1e2880cb39ca8477089e9d73ef157cac (MD5) Previous issue date: 2007-02-07 / This research constructs elements for comprehension of social-spacial process of comercial infantile-juvenile feminine sex exploitation in Ponta Grossa, State of Paraná, Brazil. In the middle of a legal mark (regulator of distinctions between adults, children, adolescents) there are quotidian practises of the girls forming meanings around of sexuality, body and identities. The geographical space exercise an mediator role, composing relations and representations by the quotidianity. The focal group of this investigation is constituted by chidren and adolescents of female sex who are sexual exploited in a commercial way. The execution of this research is based on (a) sistematical observation of adult prostitution points; (b) analisis of proceedings of Infancy and Youth Judgeship of Ponta Grossa, Brazil; (c) reading of registers of occurrences of Conselho Tutelar Oeste (West Tutelary Council), after the year of 1990; (d) interviews with adults sex professionals; (e) interviews with professionals who works in institutions whose target public are adolescents and children; (f) dialogues with public security professionals; (g) interlocution with communitaries agents of Programa Saúde da Família (Family Health Program) and (h) investigation with the institutionalized children and adolescents that are in shelters, by half-structured interviews and corporal and visual expression. These various fronts are complementaries in the comprehension of the phenomenon enquired and they reforce the methodological validation. The research evidenced that the spatiality of the feminine infantile-juvenile sexual exploitation phenomenon is characterized by a high complexity and it does not presents a homogeneous standard. On the contrary, its survival is possible by the multiple spatial configurations. In this way, make feasible the practises fo the components agents in the spatial interdependence. These are invisible tactics to strategies referred to the State. / Esta dissertação constrói elementos para compreensão do processo sócio-espacial da exploração sexual comercial infanto-juvenil feminina em Ponta Grossa – PR. Em meio a um marco legal (regulador das distinções entre adultos, crianças, adolescentes) existem as práticas cotidianas das meninas conformando significados em torno da sexualidade, do corpo e das identidades. O espaço geográfico exerce um papel mediador, componente de relações e representações desenvolvidas na sua cotidianidade. O grupo focal dessa investigação se constitui por crianças e adolescentes do sexo feminino exploradas sexualmente na forma comercial. A operacionalização desta pesquisa se deu a partir de (a) observação sistemática de pontos de prostituição adulta; (b) análise de processos constantes na Vara da Infância e da Adolescência, Comarca de Ponta Grossa; (c) leitura de registros de ocorrências do Conselho Tutelar Oeste, após o ano de 1990; (d) entrevistas com profissionais do sexo adultas; (e) entrevistas com profissionais que trabalham em instituições cujo público-alvo são adolescentes e crianças; (f) diálogos com profissionais de segurança pública; (g) interlocução com agentes comunitárias do Programa Saúde da Família e (h) investigação junto às crianças e adolescentes institucionalizadas em abrigos, a partir de entrevistas semi-estruturadas e de expressão corporal e visual. Essas diversas frentes de trabalho são complementares na compreensão do fenômeno indagado e reforçam a validação metodológica. Constatou-se que a espacialidade do fenômeno da exploração sexual comercial infanto-juvenil feminina é de alta complexidade e não apresenta um padrão homogêneo. Pelo contrário, sua sobrevivência só é possível pelas múltiplas configurações espaciais. Assim se viabilizam as práticas dos agentes componentes da rede de interdependência espacial. São táticas invisíveis às estratégias estatais.

[pt] A ética ambiental, um campo relativamente novo na reflexão teológica, apresenta diferentes modelos e tendências que nem sempre são pautados por uma visão integrada da realidade. O ser humano e a natureza não são realidades justapostas e antagônicas, mas são componentes distintos da comunidade biótica, que se organiza segundo uma dinâmica relacional e integradora. Superando dualismos e visões dicotômicas, uma ética ambiental de inspiração cristã deve integrar compromisso ecológico e justiça social, preservação do ambiente natural e respeito ao ambiente humano. Esta é a abordagem central de nossa tese que acentua a necessidade de um modelo de ética que, seguindo uma dinâmica de integração-inclusão, expresse a visão relacional e integradora da fé cristã em sintonia com outros campos do saber. A nossa pesquisa consiste em buscar um discurso ético, em perspectiva ecológica, fundamentada na teologia da criação-salvação e articulada criticamente com o paradigma ecológico e com o conceito geográfico de espaço. / [en] Environmental ethics, a relatively new field of theological reflection, presents models and approaches which do not always have an integrated vision of reality. Human beings and Environment are not separated and mutually opposed realities. On the contrary, one cannot be studied apart from the other, for they are distinct parts of the same biotic community that is organized in a relational and integrated dynamical structure. In order to overcome dualisms and reductionist viewpoints, an Environmental Ethic from a Christian perspective must integrate ecological commitment and social justice, that is, preservation of the natural world and respect for the human environment. This is the central approach of our dissertation. We stress the urgency of an ethical awareness that, following a dynamics of integration and inclusion, presents a mutually interacting perspective of the Christian faith which, at the same time, is in harmony with other fields of knowledge. Our research intends to seek an ethical reflection on environment which is grounded on creation-salvation theology and, at the same time, is critically articulated with the ecological paradigm and with geographical concept of space.

Made available in DSpace on 2016-08-03T12:20:51Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Anderson Lino 1-110.pdf: 305183 bytes, checksum: 3e9fdf0932dcc4b802238095ad98a383 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2009-03-13 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / This dissertation addressed the conflicts that occurred in the geographical space known as "Northern Pioneer". The image of the Bom Jesus, the family-owned Pinto, was expropriated by the vicar of the parish of the district of Salto Itararé, priest Alfredo Simon, who met about twenty armed men to capture this saint. In this religious conflict that occurred on 26/4/1933, two people were killed: the business of the Small Village Pintos, João Moreira, and heir of Bom Jesus, José Pinto de Oliveira. The latter has died months after the conflict. Around this image was created an official history and supervised by the owners of the symbolic, sponsor of the order and tradition. However, the history of Bom Jesus was understood in a broader concept, as occurred in the religious sphere a phenomenon called Romanization. The Catholic Church followed the Code of Canon Law of 1917, not recognizing the Code of Civil Law of the Brazilian. In the political sphere, the government paranaense put into practice the system of land vacant. In the sector of transport, the railway RVPRSC (Roads Paraná Santa Catarina) was already in the region since 1919. And this time, the new socio-cultural relations and economic fields have been made in, that is, the agrarian capitalism.(AU) / Essa dissertação abordou os conflitos que ocorreram no espaço geográfico denominado Norte Pioneiro . A imagem do Bom Jesus, de propriedade da família Pinto, foi expropriada pelo vigário da paróquia do Distrito de Salto do Itararé, padre Alfredo Simon, que reuniu cerca de vinte homens aramados para capturar esse santo. Nesse conflito religioso que ocorreu no dia 26/4/1933 duas pessoas foram mortas: o comerciante do Arraial dos Pintos, João Moreira, e o herdeiro do Bom Jesus, José Pinto de Oliveira. Esse último veio a falecer meses depois do conflito. Ao redor dessa imagem foi sendo criada uma história oficial e vigiada pelos donos do poder simbólico, mantenedora da ordem e da tradição. No entanto, a história do Bom Jesus foi compreendida numa concepção mais ampla, pois na esfera religiosa ocorria um fenômeno denominado de romanização. A Igreja Católica seguia o Código de Direito Canônico de 1917, não reconhecendo o Código de Direito Civil do Estado Nacional Brasileiro. Na esfera política, o governo paranaense colocou em prática o sistema de terras devolutas. No setor dos transportes, a estrada de ferro RVPRSC (Rede Viária Paraná Santa Catarina) já se encontrava na região desde 1919. E nesse ínterim, as novas relações sócio-culturais e econômicas foram introduzidas no campo, isto é, o capitalismo agrário.(AU)

The thesis seeks to demonstrate that during the period between 1986 and 2006, some of the principal cities of the Spanish metropolitan system1, have undergone significant change in terms of their European competitiveness. It is suggested that in the case of Madrid and Barcelona in particular this change has been of such a magnitude to proportion them a much more important place within the European spatial configuration than that which they occupied in the mid-1980s. Empirical evidence is offered to support this conjecture. The thesis lies wholly within the framework of spatial planning at the European territorial scale.It charts the comparative ascent of the Spanish cities from the moment of Spain's entry into the European Union (EU) in 1986 against the background of the development of European spatial policy, increased economic integration across Europe, the increased importance of the 'territorial' dimension of EU cohesion policy and an eventual waning of the applicability of the terminology of 'core' and 'periphery' to describe European geographical location.Part One (Chapter 1) addresses the processes of urbanisation in general from a global perspective and then focuses on metropolitan growth in a number of different historical contexts from the start of the 19th Century. Parts Two (Chapters 2-5) and Three (Chapters 6-9) of the thesis carry out analyses at two contrasting but complementary spatial scales. Part Two examines the metropolitan growth processes in Spain, in the period since 1857, detecting the historical moments in which there were surges in the metropolitan populations of the seven cities of the metropolitan system. The dimensions of the spatial units of analysis corresponding to the seven Spanish metropolitan urban regions are described, based upon a methodology first developed by the Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya (UPC) in the context of a transnational spatial planning project of the INTERREG community initiative2. These seven spatial units form the basis for a socio-economic analysis of the structure of the metropolitan system, drawing upon data principally from the 2001 Census. If by 1930 one of the key characteristics of Spain's urban system was having not just one but two cities (Madrid and Barcelona) belonging to the group of 27 cities across the world with populations in excess of 1 million inhabitants3, this same differentiation between the country's two largest cities and the remainder of the urban system is equally valid today. Spain's urban system remains clearly bicephalous in being dominated by these same two cities in terms of demographic and economic strength.Part Three begins by examining the evolution of European spatial policy against the background of an ever-enlarging European Union and changes with regard to the notion of cohesion - from a concept understood in terms of economic and social factors, to one in which the territorial dimension has become increasingly important. The European urban system is then critically examined through a number of key and influential studies, with particular regard to the rankings and hierarchies of metropolitan urban regions deriving there from and the changes in the placing of the Spanish metropolitan urban regions therein.Taking inspiration from the seminal contribution of Manuel Castells4 in the context of the structural changes resulting from the informational and technological revolution, the thesis seeks to replicate the concept of a 'space of flows'. This is carried out through a 'network analysis' approach drawing upon air passenger flows between some 28 European metropolitan urban regions of the EU15+2 group of countries, enabling the analysis of the interaction between these 28 cities. This methodology enables arriving at a number of descriptive indicators which in turn, through the application of a multi-dimensional scaling mathematical technique, permits comparing the functional and physical distances of each of the metropolitan urban regions from the centre of the 'conceptual space of air passenger flows' and the centre of gravity. The resulting map of the functional positioning of the cities offers a spatial vision of metropolitan Europe quite different to that based upon Cartesian coordinates. Such an approach enables demonstrating that cities such as Barcelona, Madrid, Helsinki, Lisbon and Athens, traditionally considered as physically peripheral to the European core area, appear to be more favourably positioned in functional terms. Furthermore in the case of Spain the results indicate that Barcelona lies closer to the centre of the conceptual 'space of air passenger flows' than Madrid.In light of this empirical evidence, together with the signs of increased economic integration across some parts of Spain, the prospects of Spain forming part of a wider European territorial concentration of flows and activities, and the recognition of the territorial capital of Madrid and Barcelona within recent EU spatial policy declarations, the thesis concludes in Part Four that these two metropolitan regions have undergone a clear consolidation and (re)positioning within the European metropolitan hierarchy.