Šiame baigiamajame magistro darbe, analizuojant Lietuvos teisės aktus, mokslinę literatūrą bei Lietuvos ir ETT praktikoje suformuotas su darbo tema susijusias atitinkamų klausimų ir teisės aktų nuostatų aiškinimo ir taikymo taisykles, atskleidžiamas nesąžiningos konkurencijos sąvokos turinys ir įvardijami atskirų nesąžiningos konkurencijos atvejų kvalifikavimo ypatumai. Šio tyrimo tikslas – išanalizuoti nesąžiningos konkurencijos reglamentavimo Lietuvos konkurencijos teisėje ypatumus bei nustatyti taikymo praktikoje problemas – pasiektas įgyvendinus tokius uždavinius: pirmiausia, išanalizavus mokslinę literatūrą, Lietuvos teismų praktiką, Lietuvos Respublikos teisės aktus, aptariančius nesąžiningos konkurencijos sampratą, atskleidžiant jos turinį; po to yra nustatoma nesąžiningos konkurencijos instituto Lietuvos teisės aktuose įtvirtinimo raida ir reikšmė, aptarti pagrindiniai unifikavimo su ES teise aspektai; ir galiausiai identifikuojami nesąžiningos konkurencijos atvejų kvalifikavimo ypatumai, įvertinamas nesąžiningą konkurenciją reglamentuojančių teisės normų veiksmingumas bei atskleidžiami teisinio reguliavimo netikslumai ir dėl to iškylančios problemos. Magistrinio baigiamojo darbo temai atskleisti buvo naudojami loginis-analitinis, lingvistinis, lyginamasis, istorinis, sisteminės analizės metodai, kurių pagalba darbo tema buvo išanalizuota, pateiktos išvados bei įvertintas hipotezės teisingumas. Remiantis padarytomis išvadomis, manytina, jog darbo hipotezė – „Siekiant... [toliau žr. visą tekstą] / In this master thesis the concept of unfair competition is revealed and qualification features of individual cases of unfair competition are presented by analyzing the Lithuanian legislation, scientific and legal literature as well as analysing Lithuanian and ECJ juridictions’ legal acts, legislation and legal practice. The objective of this master thesis - to analyze the regulation of unfair competition in Lithuanian’s competition law and to determine practical application problems- has been achieved through the following tasks. First, scientific literature, legal practice, legal acts of the Republic of Lithuania discussing the concept of unfair competition and its content are analyzed, then the development and the importance of unfair competence institute setting in Lithuanian legal acts is determined, the main aspects of unification with EU law are discussed, finally, classification features of cases of unfair competition are identified and the efficiency of unfair competition legislation is evaluated, also regulatory uncertainties and the problems it may cause are indicated. Logical and analytical, linguistic, comparative, historical, systematic analysis methods were used to analyze the topic, present the conclusions and to find out if the hypothesis was right. On the basis of the thesis conclusions, it must be held that the hypothesis - In order to make a proper legal classification of actions of unfair competition, in practice encounter problems due to lack of a clear... [to full text]

The Swedish Public Employment Service's reform based on the so-called January agreement from 2019 has since its initiation been an ongoing issue in the Swedish public debate. As a result of the reform, several municipalities have expressed experiences that the operational cooperation in individual cases has deteriorated. The experiences are significant, as cooperation between the Swedish Public Employment Service, municipalities and other actors has been described as a prerequisite for realizing labor market policy. The purpose of the thesis is therefore to study what the operational labor market policy cooperation in individual cases looks like in four Swedish municipalities and how municipal officials perceive that the conditions for this cooperation are affected by the Public Employment Service's reform. This through a qualitative interview study, with a strategic selection of municipalities. The study is thus based on a local perspective and the selection of municipalities is made in order to cover several contextual factors that could potentially affect the municipal experiences. The theoretical starting points are taken from the theory of interorganizational cooperation. The result shows consistent experience in all the municipalities interviewed that the conditions for the interorganizational operational cooperation in individual cases at the local level being negatively affected by the Swedish Public Employment Service's reform. Both in terms of cooperation between the municipalities and the Public Employment Service as well as between the municipalities and independent actors (in cases where they cooperated before the reform). The main reason for the deteriorating cooperation is described as a changed local presence, reduced contact areas and reduced personal relationships at the administrator level. These factors have also been identified by the municipal representatives as the most important factors to address in order for there to be an appropriate and well-functioning cooperation. / Arbetsförmedlingens reformering med utgångspunkt i den så kallade Januariöverenskommelsen från 2019 har sedan dess initiering varit en pågående fråga i den svenska samhällsdebatten. Till följd av reformen har flera kommuner uttryckt erfarenheter av att det operativa samverkan i individärenden försämrats. Erfarenheterna är betydelsefulla eftersom samverkan mellan Arbetsförmedlingen, kommuner och andra aktörer beskrivits som en förutsättning för att realisera arbetsmarknadspolitiken. Syftet med uppsatsen är därför att studera hur den operativa arbetsmarknadspolitiska samverkan i individärenden ser ut i fyra svenska kommuner samt hur kommunala tjänstepersoner uppfattar att förutsättningarna för denna samverkan påverkats av Arbetsförmedlingens reformering. Detta genom en kvalitativ intervjustudie, med ett strategiskt urval av kommuner utifrån kommunernas geografiska position och hur Arbetsförmedlingen valt att arrangera myndighetens lokala närvaro. Studien utgår därmed från ett lokalt perspektiv och urvalet av kommuner görs i syfte att täcka in flera kontextuella faktorer som potentiellt kan påverka de kommunala erfarenheterna. Studiens resultat visar på samstämmiga erfarenheter hos de intervjudade kommunföreträdarna om att förutsättningarna för den interorganisatoriska operativa samverkan i individärenden på lokal nivå påverkats negativt av Arbetsförmedlingens reformering. Både när det gäller samverkan mellan kommunerna och Arbetsförmedlingen samt mellan kommunerna och fristående aktörer (i de fall de samverkat innan reformen). De främsta orsakerna till den försämrade samverkan beskrivs vara Arbetsförmedlingens förändrade lokala närvaro, minskade kontaktytor och minskade personliga relationer på handläggarnivå. Faktorerna har utifrån de intervjuade kommunföreträdarna identifierats som viktiga för att främja en ändamålsenlig och välfungerande samverkan.

[pt] Discutimos aqui a democratização do acesso de moradores de favelas cariocas ao Judiciário através de análise histórico-temporal e espacial. O levantamento de dados incluiu dados históricos, sócio-econômicos e políticos das favelas e a realização de pesquisas quantitativas e quali-quantitativas com julgados cíveis do TJRJ. As análises destes dados foram realizadas sob dois enfoques: (1) do acesso – individual e coletivo ao judiciário; (2) do posicionamento dos magistrados frente às demandas propostas. Os resultados sugerem a relação entre: (1) aumento do acesso de moradores de favelas ao judiciário e melhoria dos índices de desenvolvimento social; (2) baixa incidência de demandas coletivas e tratamento omisso dispensado por magistrados a este tipo de ação; (3) falta de coerência entre as decisões judiciais de magistrados e realidade social da favela e seus ajustes ao longo dos últimos anos; e traz (4) o questionamento de algumas crenças teóricas consolidadas sobre as principais variáveis na promoção do acesso à justiça. A partir de dados empíricos, esta pesquisa sugere possibilidades mais eficazes de transformações sociais quando compatíveis com a realidade social urbana local. / [en] This article discuss the democratization of access to residents of Rio s favelas to judiciary through a temporal and spatial analysis. Data collection included historical datas, socio-economic datas and political datas about the slums reality in Rio and also a quantitative and quali-qualitative research with the civil trials (Jurisprudence) of the Estadual Court of Justice of the state of Rio de Janeiro. The analysis of these data were performed under two approaches: (1) access - individually and collective to the judiciary, (2) the positioning of the magistrates in response to the judicial demands. The results suggest a relationship between: (1) the increase of the access of slum dwellers to the judiciary and improvement of indices of social development, (2) low incidence of collective demands and the omission of the judges in judge such kind of cause, (3) lack of consistency between judicial decisions of magistrates and social reality of the slums and their adjustments over the years, and brings (4) the questioning of some consolidated theoretical beliefs about the key variables in promoting access to justice. From empirical datas, this research suggests possibilities for more effective social transformations when compatible with very local social realities.