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The Rockfall Management System developed for Tennessee DOT (TennRMS)integrates a customized rockfall risk rating system, web-based GIS application, and rockfall database to provide a robust single interface for interacting with rock slope information. The system should prove to be a valuable tool for the proactive management of rock slopes. The most important use of the system will be to identify and prioritizing rock slopes with the greatest potential for rockfall in order to provide decision makers with all the necessary information they need to plan remediation efforts. Over time, TennRMS can be used to track costs and effectiveness of different remediation methods used on problem rock slopes. Three papers have been developed for publication in peer reviewed journals. The papers describe the work done in support of developing Tennessee's Rockfall Management System (TennRMS) and its components. The system can be described by its conceptual framework and actual implemented components. Asset management incorporating risk & decision analysis and knowledge management makes up the conceptual framework. The system components include a field data collection system using PDA's, a rockfall database and a web-based GIS interface. The papers articulate the development and implementation of the various components and to provide a detailed review of rockfall management systems as implemented over the past 15 years. / Ph. D.

Landslides are mass movements that affect infrastructure across East Tennessee, causing problems for the Tennessee Department of Transportation (TDOT). An assessment of conditions and locations of unstable slopes can aid TDOT in infrastructure management. Landslide susceptibility was evaluated for Anderson and Morgan counties, TN, off State Route 116 in the New River watershed. Susceptibility maps used a landslide inventory and six factors: elevation, slope, geology, distance from stream, rainfall, and curvature, input in forest-based classification and logistic regression models. Additionally, affected trees along these unstable slopes in Anderson and Morgan counties were cored to analyze mass movement impacts on tree rings. This research demonstrates the importance of causative factors used to model landslide susceptible areas and how trees rings can carry the signature of landslides. These two studies can help aid in mitigation practices for TDOT and potentially apply landslide susceptibility research to other parts of East Tennessee.

The economic rationale for public intervention in decisions regarding landslide hazard mitigation was examined through a cost-benefit analysis. A study area in Cincinnati, Ohio was used to test whether a public agency decision rule is suboptimal to a private decision rule in maximizing net benefits from landslide mitigation. A 1985 U.S. Geological Survey (U.S.G.S.) report on landslide mitigation in Cincinnati, Ohio formed the basis for the cost-benefit analysis. Expected gross benefits from mitigation were determined by multiplying the probability of a landslide by an estimate of the property damages. A landslide probability model developed by the U.S.G.S. was tested against data for a study area in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania. A Spearman rank correlation test, comparing actual and predicted landslide occurrence, indicated that the model is a good predictor and could be used to predict landslides in other areas of similar geology. Due to the poor quality of data on actual landslide damages, a regression equation was estimated to predict the actual damages resulting from a landslide in the Cincinnati study area. A cost-benefit analysis was performed for the Cincinnati study area using three different approaches to measuring property damages. The results of the analysis support the hypothesis. In the most extreme case, annualized net benefits from mitigation are equal to $2.1 million under the private decision rule compared with only $1.6 million under the public agency decision rule. / Master of Arts

Landslides are one of the most widespread, yet difficult to predict, geohazards in the world. Theyrepresent a major threat to society, which is why it is so important to understand and study them.Landslide detection is one of the approaches that help scientists to gain a better knowledge of landslides,how they form and the characteristics they hold. In this work, a new landslide detection technique istested in the Klarälven Region, Sweden. The method involves using multi-temporal DEMs generatedfrom LiDAR point clouds from 2010 and 2020. Once two respective DEMs are generated from theoriginal point cloud data sets, a DEM of Difference (DoD) is obtained by subtracting the 2010 DEMfrom the 2020 DEM. The DoD highlights areas of vertical change over the ten-year period. In order todetect potential landslides, a Level of detection (LoD) threshold is applied, as well as a second upperthreshold filtering out elevation difference resulting from anthropogenic activities. Lastly, a spatialthreshold is applied to eliminate any remaining potential errors clusters that are too small to belandslides. Once this stage is completed, the study area is surveyed, focusing on certain areacharacterised by particular slope angles and soil types most likely to exhibit mass movement. Thishelped in the analysis and interpretation of the data. In order to discuss the results as fully as possible,four types of region were studied in more detail using four representative examples. Since a few doubtfulcases were found, potential sources of error are also being explored. Despite minor inaccuracies, themethod appears to be a relevant technique for detecting differences in altitude, even if it also considersunnatural mass movements.

Detta kandidatexamensarbete undersöker detaljplaneprocessen för detindustriområde som planerats och anlagts på fastigheten Munkeröd 1:12 m.fl. i Stenungsunds kommun, där ett jordskred skedde i september 2023. Undersökningen gjordes genom en dokument- och litteraturstudie samt en intervjustudie. Resultatet tyder på att kommunen gjort flera tveksamma riskbedömningar avseende den geotekniska säkerheten. Bland annat togs viktig information gällande den bedömda stabiliteten för planområdet bort och en felaktig bergskarta låg till grund för områdets lastbegränsningar. Dessa bedömningar ochbeslut tros ligga till grund för att skredet skedde. Analysen av detaljplaneprocessen visar på behovet av att under den långa processen behålla kontinuitet och noggrannhet. Vidare belyser arbetet nödvändigheten av ett nära samarbete med utomstående experter, särskilt inom geoteknik, samt myndigheter för att möjliggöra för adekvata riskbedömningar. Dessutom krävs e nöppen dialog med berörda parter och en systematisk grundlig hantering av riskerna genom hela planprocessen. Sammanfattningsvis visar arbetet värdet av att integrera riskhantering på ett effektivt sätt i detaljplaneringen för att skapa robusta och hållbara samhällen. Genom att dra lärdomar från tidigare erfarenheter, som skredet i Stenungsund, kan vi förbättra planeringsprocessen och på så sätt minska risken för framtida katastrofer. / This bachelor's degree project examines the planning process for the industrial area planned and constructed on the property Munkeröd 1:12 in Stenungsund Municipality, where a landslide occurred in September 2023. The investigation was conducted through a documentand literature study, as well as through an interview study. The results indicate that the municipality made several questionable risk assessments regarding geotechnical safety. Forexample, crucial information regarding the assessed stability of the planning area was removed, and an incorrect bedrock map was used as the basis for the load limitations in the area. These assessments and decisions are believed to have contributed to the landslide. The analysis of the planning process highlights the need to maintain continuity and thoroughness throughout the long process. Furthermore, the degree project underscores the necessity of close collaboration with external experts, especially in geotechnics, as well as government agencies to enable adequate risk assessments. Additionally, an open dialogue with interested parties and a systematic, thorough handling of risks throughout the entire planningprocess are required. In summary, the degree project demonstrates the value of effectively integrating riskmanagement into the planning process to create robust and sustainable communities. By learning from past experiences, such as the landslide in Stenungsund, we can improve the planning process and thereby reduce the risk of future natural disasters.

Detta arbete är författat på Kungliga Tekniska Högskolan i Stockholm inom kandidatprogrammet Fastighetsutveckling med fastighetsförmedling. Undersökningen kommer att ligga som stöd för Statens Haverikommissions utredande rapport om jordskredet i Stenungsund. Den 23 september 2023 skedde ett jordskred i Stenungsunds kommun. I ett av de områden där jordskredet utlöstes antogs nyligen en detaljplan. Den aktuella detaljplanen för det utsatta området är Munkeröd 1:12 m.fl. Detaljplaneprocessen för Munkeröd 1:12 m.fl. började redan under 2008, när ett planförslag skickades in med önskan att ändra markanvändningen från närrekreationsområde till industrimark. Under detaljplaneprocessen utfördes flera utredningar med syfte att pröva markens lämplighet för industri. Det utfördes flera geotekniska undersökningar där markens lastrestriktioner ändrades under åren. Syftet med studien är att analysera detaljplaneprocessen för Munkeröd 1:12 m.fl. samt att analysera de geotekniska undersökningarna som har skett, i syfte att ta reda på vart i detaljplaneprocessen som markens lastrestriktioner har reviderats och varför. Detta har gjorts genom en litteratur- och dokumentstudie samt en rättsvetenskaplig metod. Studien visar vart i detaljplaneprocessen som lastrestriktionerna har ändrats och varför. Revideringarna har alla skett i samband med samråd och utställningen. Det har inkommit flera yttranden under detaljplanearbetets gång med synpunkter på b.la de geotekniska undersökningarna. Studien visar även vikten av noggranna och transparenta utredningar i detaljplaneprocesser, särskilt när det gäller områden med hög skredrisk. Även om de juridiska och strukturella aspekterna av planeringen följdes, påvisar denna undersökande studie att ytterligare granskning och försiktighet är nödvändig vid stora avvikelser från gällande översiktsplaner och när markanvändningen ändras betydligt. Denna slutsats understryker behovet av att framtida planer och beslut baseras på robust och aktuell information för att minimera riskerna och säkerställa hållbara och säkra markanvändningar. / This work is authored at the Royal Institute of Technology in Stockholm within the bachelor program in Property Development and Agency. The study will assist the Swedish Accident Investigation Authority's investigative report on the landslide in Stenungsund. On September 23, 2023, a landslide occurred in the municipality of Stenungsund. In one of the areas where the landslide was triggered, a detailed zoning plan was recently adopted. The current detailed zoning plan for the affected area is Munkeröd 1:12 et al. The detailed planning process for Munkeröd 1:12 et al. began as early as 2008, when a planning proposal was submitted with the desire to change the land use from a local recreation area to industrial land. Several investigations were carried out during the detailed planning process to test the suitability of the land for industry. Several geotechnical investigations were conducted where the load restrictions of the land were changed over the years. The purpose of the study is to analyze the detailed planning process for Munkeröd 1:12 et al. and to analyze the geotechnical investigations that have taken place, with purpose to find out where in the detailed planning process the land's load restrictions have been revised and why. This has been done through a literature- and document study as well as a legal scientific method. The study shows where in the detailed planning process the load restrictions have been changed and why. The revisions have all taken place in connection with consultations and exhibitions of the proposed plan. Several comments were received during the detailed planning work with views on, among other things, the geotechnical investigations. The study also shows the importance of thorough and transparent investigations in detailed planning processes, especially regarding areas with high landslide risk. Although the legal and structural aspects of planning were followed, this investigative study demonstrates that further scrutiny and caution are necessary in the case of major deviations from current comprehensive plans and when land use is significantly changed. This conclusion emphasizes the need for future plans and decisions to be based on robust and current information to minimize risks and ensure sustainable and safe land uses.

京都大学 / 新制・課程博士 / 博士(理学) / 甲第25123号 / 理博第5030号 / 京都大学大学院理学研究科地球惑星科学専攻 / (主査)教授 王 功輝, 教授 松四 雄騎, 教授 大見 士朗 / 学位規則第4条第1項該当 / Doctor of Science / Kyoto University / DGAM