The purpose of the here presented degree thesis is the comparison of six memoirs, dealing with the "holocaust" phenomenon from the perspective of each single writer, with a critical eye on the way the experience has touched the author's sensibility. I have focused the attention on the latest works published on this particular matter. This graduation thesis is primarily based on Tzvetan Todorov's book "Facing the extreme: moral life in the concentration camps".

This thesis is engaged in the formation of the concept of class in the second generation of the Czech (Bohemian) Working-Class Movement. I selected time termination, because of the beginning of the 1890s involved onset of second generation of working-class movement, which deflected from radikalism the first generation of pioneers to engagement oscillating between reformism of Bebel and revisionism of Bernstein. Even since the early 1890s gradually alternated Class about itself (Klasse an sich) at precisely defined Class for itself (Klasse für sich). Thesis seeks to answer the question: Why occured to the above-mentioned phenomenon in the second generation? The traditional explanation of Marxist Historians about the end of Persecutory Phase and logical accession Mass Party seems too schematic. The year 1914 is selected as an upper time milestone, because the First World War caused a series of high quantitative and qualitative transitions in social relations: proletarianization of wide classes in society; fatal deteroration of living, social, health and political conditions of workers. The Working Classes in the prewar and wartime periods are two different social phenomena, which ought to analyse historically separately. The thesis is conceptually draws on Benedict Anderson's seminal work Imagined...

This thesis examines the development of the soldier in late-Victorian Britain in light of the movement to rehabilitate the public image of the ordinary ranks initiated by the Cardwell-Childers Reforms. Venerated in popular culture, Tommy Atkins became a symbol of British imperial strength and heroism. Socially, however, attitudes to the rank-and-file were defined by a pragmatic realism purged of such sentiments, the likes of which would characterise the British public’s relationship with their army for over thirty years. Scholars of both imperial culture and the Victorian military have identified this dual persona of Tommy Atkins, however, a dedicated study into the true nature of the soldier’s position has yet to be undertaken. The following research will seek to redress this omission. The soldier is approached through the perspective of three key influences which defined his development. The first influence, the politics of the War Office, exposes a progressive series of schemes which, cultivated for over a decade, sought to redefine the soldier through the popularisation of military service and the professionalisation of the military’s public relations strategy and apparatus. A forgotten component of the Cardwell-Childers Reforms, the schemes have not before been scrutinised. Despite the ingenuity of the schemes devised, the social rehabilitation of the soldier failed, primarily, it will be argued, because the government refused to improve his pay. The public’s response to the Cardwell-Childers Reforms and the British perception of the ordinary soldier in the decades following their introduction form the second perspective. Through surveys of the local and London press and mainstream literature, it is demonstrated the soldier, in part as a result of the reforms, underwent a social transition, precipitated by his entering the public consciousness and encouraged by a resulting fascination in the military life. The final perspective presented in this thesis is from within the rank-and-file itself. Through the examination of specialist newspaper, diary and memoir material the direct experiences of the soldiers themselves are explored. Amid the extensive public and political discussion of their nature and status, the soldier also engaged in the debate. The perspective of the rank-and-file provides direct context for the established perspectives of the British public and the War Office, but also highlights how the soldier both supported and opposed the reforms and was acutely aware of the social status he possessed. This thesis will examine the public and political treatment of the soldier in the late-nineteenth century and question how far the conflicting ideas of soldier-hero and soldier-beggar were reconciled.

Considered an integral part of Metropolitan France, the island of Corsica is situated nonetheless on the very periphery of the modern state that claims it. Actually situated geographically closer to Italy than to any part of France, its culture and its people are likewise more closely related to their Italians neighbors than to the rest of what Corsicans term "Continental France." Following the acquisition of Corsica, both government officials and bourgeois travelers would seek to visit the island, often recording their findings and publishing these memoirs for others to know of their travels. This concept of travel memoirs, specifically those regarding Corsica, had already been a fairly common practice among the British, as they had often placed interest in the island itself. From this group of French and British travel memoirs would come the writings of James Boswell, P. P. Pompéi, and the Baron de Beaumont, among others. Corsica becomes a place of unique setting for novels and short stories throughout the century, with tales of banditry, vendetta, and violence from the island. For those authors seeking to place their stories in Corsica, inspiration was drawn from the very travel memoirs they had read regarding the island, although often they chose to ignore them in favor of stereotypes. I have chosen three specific 19th century authors in relation to the images created by the travel memoirs of Corsica: Prosper Mérimée, Honoré de Balzac, and Guy de Maupassant. The purpose behind each author's use of the images of Corsica was very different and shows different ways that these images were used. Mérimée directly used Corsica to question the triumph of the civilized over the uncivilized, Balzac used Corsica to represent France itself, and Maupassant used Corsica to show that "reality" is really nothing more than a personal illusion. Though when publishing their travel memoirs the authors might not have expected much to come of them, they have actually influence an entire century of writers, and possibly an entire nation, with their images of Corsica.

Магистерская диссертация «Редакторская подготовка мемориального издания (на примере книги «Азбука имени. Роман Тягунов в воспоминаниях, интервью, мнениях и критике»)» состоит из двух частей. Магистерская диссертация содержит 75 страниц. В списке литературы содержится 50 библиографических единиц. Цель исследования – подготовка и выпуск мемориальной книги «Азбука имени. Роман Тягунов в воспоминаниях, интервью, мнениях и критике» (изд-во «Кабинетный ученый», 2017). Объект: современные мемориальные издания. Предмет: редакторская подготовка современных мемориальных изданий. В первой главе проанализированы словарные статьи и научная литература, посвященная мемориальным изданиям, охарактеризованы содержательные и структурные особенности, а также выявлена роль издания в процессе мифологизации объектов действительности. Во второй главе сформулирована концепция мемориального издания «Азбука имени», включающая особенности отбора и структурирования материалов для основного текста, выбора состава аппарата издания и т. п. Также во второй главе выявлена специфика редактирования рукописи «Азбуки имени» на разных этапах, с учетом влияния на этот процесс принадлежности книги к мемориальным изданиям. / Master's thesis "Editorial preparation of the memorial edition (on the example of the book "Alphabet of a name. Novel Tyagunov in memoirs of, interview, opinion and criticized")" consists of two parts. Master's thesis contains 75 pages. The list of references contains 50 bibliographic units. The purpose of the study-the preparation and publication of the memorial book "Alphabet name. Roman Tyagunov in memoirs, interviews, opinions and criticism" (publishing house "Cabinet scientist", 2017). Object: modern memorial editions. Subject: editorial preparation of modern memorial publications. The first Chapter analyzes dictionary articles and scientific literature devoted to memorial editions, characterizes the content and structural features, and also reveals the role of the publication in the process of mythologization of the objects of reality. In the second Chapter, the concept of the memorial edition of the "Alphabet of the name", including the features of selection and structuring of materials for the main text, the selection of the staff of the publication, etc.Also in the second Chapter, the specifics of editing the manuscript of the "Alphabet of the name" at different stages, taking into account the impact on this process of belonging to the book memorial editions.

Consacré aux Mémoires de la vie de Henriette-Sylvie de Molière (1671-1674) de Madame de Villedieu, ce mémoire étudie la gaieté, omniprésente et protéiforme, de l’œuvre. La gaieté des Mémoires est souvent troublante : tout en répondant à l’impératif incontournable de divertir les lecteur.trice.s, elle révèle la violence du monde et des hommes. Une étude de sa poétique permet alors d’éclairer la perspective singulière et inattendue qui traverse ce roman-mémoires. Le premier chapitre s’attache à analyser certains éléments de la structure narrative de l’œuvre qui, tout en provoquant l’agrément du lectorat, sont aussi porteurs d’un point de vue critique sur l’Histoire, et particulièrement sur l’histoire des femmes. Le deuxième chapitre consiste en une exploration de l’hybridité générique des Mémoires. Ludiques et polémiques, ces nombreuses transgressions à l’égard des codes scripturaires typiquement masculins remettent en question à la fois l’ordre de l’écrit, et les valeurs qui les structurent. La méthode employée est inspirée par l’analyse du discours, et nourrie par plusieurs travaux portant sur la poétique des genres. Finalement, le troisième chapitre examine la gaieté d’Henriette-Sylvie, en tant que narratrice et personnage, à travers le prisme de la rhétorique. Si les mots d’esprit et les réparties ironiques de la narratrice-personnage permettent d’évoquer plus librement plusieurs réalités contraires aux normes de la bienséance, la gaieté inébranlable d’Henriette-Sylvie témoigne aussi de l’obligation qui pèse sur elle de plaire et de divertir. La gaieté est alors envisagée comme faisant partie d’une stratégie énonciative visant à séduire et convaincre. Pour éclairer le contexte, à la fois historique, polémique et générique avec lequel dialogue le roman, ce mémoire s’appuie également sur les travaux ayant pour objet le rire et le comique à l’âge classique, la Querelle des femmes dans l’espace social et littéraire, et le pyrrhonisme des libertins. / Dedicated to the Mémoires de la vie de Henriette-Sylvie de Molière (1671-1674) by Madame de Villedieu, this thesis studies the omnipresent and protean gaiety of the work. The gaiety of the Mémoires is often troubling: while it responds to the inescapable imperative of entertaining the reader, it reveals the violence of the world and of men. A study of its poetics allows us to shed light on the singular and unexpected perspective that runs through this novel-memoir. The first chapter analyzes certain elements of the narrative structure of the work which, while provoking the pleasure of the reader, also carry a critical point of view on History, and particularly on the history of women. The second chapter consists of an exploration of the generic hybridity of the Memoirs. Playful and polemical, these various transgressions of typically male scriptural codes challenge both the order of the written word and the values that structure it. The method used is inspired by discourse analysis, and informed by several works on the poetics of literary forms. Finally, the third chapter examines Henriette-Sylvie’s gaiety, as narrator and character, through the lens of rhetoric. While the narrator-character’s witty and ironic repartee allows for the freer evocation of many realities contrary to the norms of decency, Henriette-Sylvie’s unwavering cheerfulness also speaks to her obligation to please and entertain. Cheerfulness is then seen as part of an enunciative strategy to seduce and convince. In order to shed light on the historical, polemical and generic context with which the novel is in dialogue, this work also relies on works dealing with laughter and comedy in the classical age, the Querelle des femmes in the social and literary space, and the Pyrrhonism of the libertines.

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Aim of this diploma thesis is to compare different forms of narrating of the holocaust through Children's eyes. Pure child's narration has much bigger impact on reader than narration of an adult, enriched with metaphors and attributes. In this way child's point of view extends the ethical dimension of holocaust narration. We will examine the discourse of child's narration in three diaries (The Diary of David Sierakowiak, The Diary of Mary Berg, The Beautiful Days of My Youth by Ana Novac), one Fictional diary (The Unloved. From the Diary of Perla S. by Arnošt Lustig) and a novella (Child of the Shadows by Henryk Grynberg). Children's narrators of the holocaust are characterized by psychological maturity, which contrasts with their official age. On the other hand they reveal childishness, while growing up, because of their unfinished childhood. In those books we will examine changing of the narrators discourse and his depiction of space (ghetto, concentration camp, shelter) and persons (family, friend, Nazis). We will also focus on distinct motives that form these books (e.g.: hunger, guilt, comic, Paradise, game).

The birth and the baptism of child were significant events in the life of people in all historical periods. This diploma thesis demonstrates meaning of the baptism rite and its reflection in the urban society in the Early Modern Age. In comparison to bachelor thesis was used more sources. The research of six families memoirs is supplied with analysis of parish register of Český Krumlov town from 1662 to 1666. Sources of religious area represents catholic, evangelical and Lutheral clerical works and especially polemics. Wider spectrum of sources made possible deeper sight at meaning of baptism and confrontation between religious order and everyday practice in baptism and godparenthood in towns in the 16. and 17. centuries.

The goal of this master thesis is to capture the life of a postal clerk, later a municipal councilor and councilor Marie Komárková. I am focusing on involvement of women in public affairs at the beginning of a new republic. Due to the remarks she made during the meeting of municipal council and the city council of Poděbrady, we can observe the background of formation of self- government during the first years of the newly founded republic. The transformation of local elites, the tasks of local self-government or the involvement of women in public life, these are the topics of which Marie Komárková gives subjective testimony in her writings. A specific feature of this case is also the Poděbrady town environment, which gradually became a spa town in the given period. In addition, this work describes a transformation and functioning of local self-government during the first years of the Czechoslovak Republic through personal memories and notes of one particular person. There are also other topics Marie Komárková's character has to offer, such as girls' education or post office work at the end of the 19th century. The source base is made up not only of the memories and remarks of the former Poděbrady councilor, her husband and son, but also of correspondence, contemporary press or various sources of...