abstract: This dissertation research investigates the social implications of computing artifacts that make use of sensor driven self-quantification to implicitly or explicitly direct user behaviors. These technologies are referred to here as self-sensoring prescriptive applications (SSPA’s). This genre of technological application has a strong presence in healthcare as a means to monitor health, modify behavior, improve health outcomes, and reduce medical costs. However, the commercial sector is quickly adopting SSPA’s as a means to monitor and/or modify consumer behaviors as well (Swan, 2013). These wearable devices typically monitor factors such as movement, heartrate, and respiration; ostensibly to guide the users to better or more informed choices about their physical fitness (Lee & Drake, 2013; Swan, 2012b). However, applications that claim to use biosensor data to assist in mood maintenance and control are entering the market (Bolluyt, 2015), and applications to aid in decision making about consumer products are on the horizon as well (Swan, 2012b). Interestingly, there is little existing research that investigates the direct impact biosensor data have on decision making, nor on the risks, benefits, or regulation of such technologies. The research presented here is inspired by a number of separate but related gaps in existing literature about the social implications of SSPA’s. First, how SSPA’s impact individual and group decision making and attitude formation within non-medical-care domains (e.g. will a message about what product to buy be more persuasive if it claims to have based the recommendation on your biometric information?). Second, how the design and designers of SSPA’s shape social behaviors and third, how these factors are or are not being considered in future design and public policy decisions. / Dissertation/Thesis / Doctoral Dissertation Psychology 2016

abstract: An accurate knowledge of the complex microstructure of a heterogeneous material is crucial for quantitative structure-property relations establishment and its performance prediction and optimization. X-ray tomography has provided a non-destructive means for microstructure characterization in both 3D and 4D (i.e., structural evolution over time). Traditional reconstruction algorithms like filtered-back-projection (FBP) method or algebraic reconstruction techniques (ART) require huge number of tomographic projections and segmentation process before conducting microstructural quantification. This can be quite time consuming and computationally intensive. In this thesis, a novel procedure is first presented that allows one to directly extract key structural information in forms of spatial correlation functions from limited x-ray tomography data. The key component of the procedure is the computation of a “probability map”, which provides the probability of an arbitrary point in the material system belonging to specific phase. The correlation functions of interest are then readily computed from the probability map. Using effective medium theory, accurate predictions of physical properties (e.g., elastic moduli) can be obtained. Secondly, a stochastic optimization procedure that enables one to accurately reconstruct material microstructure from a small number of x-ray tomographic projections (e.g., 20 - 40) is presented. Moreover, a stochastic procedure for multi-modal data fusion is proposed, where both X-ray projections and correlation functions computed from limited 2D optical images are fused to accurately reconstruct complex heterogeneous materials in 3D. This multi-modal reconstruction algorithm is proved to be able to integrate the complementary data to perform an excellent optimization procedure, which indicates its high efficiency in using limited structural information. Finally, the accuracy of the stochastic reconstruction procedure using limited X-ray projection data is ascertained by analyzing the microstructural degeneracy and the roughness of energy landscape associated with different number of projections. Ground-state degeneracy of a microstructure is found to decrease with increasing number of projections, which indicates a higher probability that the reconstructed configurations match the actual microstructure. The roughness of energy landscape can also provide information about the complexity and convergence behavior of the reconstruction for given microstructures and projection number. / Dissertation/Thesis / Doctoral Dissertation Mechanical Engineering 2017

abstract: This paper quantitatively analyses the relation between the return of private seasoned equity offerings and variables of market and firm characteristics in China Ashare market. A multiple-factor linear regression model is constructed to estimate this relation and the result canhelp investors to determine the future return of private placement stocks. In this paper, I first review past theories about private placement stocks, including how the large shareholder participation, the discount of private offerings, the firm characteristics, and the investment on firm value will affect the return of private offerings. According to the past literature, I propose four main factors that may affect the return of private placement. They are the large shareholders participation in private placement; the discount that private placement could offer; the characteristics of the companies that offer a private placement and the intrinsic value of such companies. I adopt statistic and correlational analysis to test the impact of each factor. Then, according to this single-factor analysis, I set up a multiple-factor linear regression model on private seasoned equity offerings return in Chapter Four. In the last two chapters, I apply this quantitative model to other fields. I use this model to testify current financial products of private placement and develop investmen strategies on stocks with private seasoned equity offerings in secondary market. My quantitative strategy is useful according to the result of setback test. / Dissertation/Thesis / Doctoral Dissertation Business Administration 2017

abstract: Magnetic resonance flow imaging techniques provide quantitative and qualitative information that can be attributed to flow related clinical pathologies. Clinical use of MR flow quantification requires fast acquisition and reconstruction schemes, and minimization of post processing errors. The purpose of this work is to provide improvements to the post processing of volumetric phase contrast MRI (PCMRI) data, identify a source of flow bias for cine PCMRI that has not been previously reported in the literature, and investigate a dynamic approach to image bulk cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) drainage in ventricular shunts. The proposed improvements are implemented as three research projects. In the first project, the improvements to post processing are made by proposing a new approach to estimating noise statistics for a single spiral acquisition, and using the estimated noise statistics to generate a mask distinguishing flow regions from background noise and static tissue in an image volume. The mask is applied towards reducing the computation time of phase unwrapping. The proposed noise estimation is shown to have comparable noise statistics as that of a vendor specific noise dynamic scan, with the added advantage of reduced scan time. The sparse flow region subset of the image volume is shown to speed up phase unwrapping for multidirectional velocity encoded 3D PCMRI scans. The second research project explores the extent of bias in cine PCMRI based flow estimates is investigated for CSF flow in the cerebral aqueduct. The dependance of the bias on spatial and temporal velocity gradient components is described. A critical velocity threshold is presented to prospectively determine the extent of bias as a function of scan acquisition parameters. Phase contrast MR imaging is not sensitive to measure bulk CSF drainage. A dynamic approach using a CSF label is investigated in the third project to detect bulk flow in a ventricular shunt. The proposed approach uses a preparatory pulse to label CSF signal and a variable delay between the preparatory pulse and data acquisition enables tracking of the CSF bulk flow. / Dissertation/Thesis / Doctoral Dissertation Biomedical Engineering 2017

Submitted by Valquíria Barbieri (kikibarbi@hotmail.com) on 2018-03-16T20:42:12Z No. of bitstreams: 1 _DISS_2014_Aline Regina Barella.pdf: 1002749 bytes, checksum: b469471d8633b241a1b7721a1183e45d (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Jordan (jordanbiblio@gmail.com) on 2018-03-20T13:03:04Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 _DISS_2014_Aline Regina Barella.pdf: 1002749 bytes, checksum: b469471d8633b241a1b7721a1183e45d (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-03-20T13:03:04Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 _DISS_2014_Aline Regina Barella.pdf: 1002749 bytes, checksum: b469471d8633b241a1b7721a1183e45d (MD5) Previous issue date: 2014-02-28 / CAPES / A implantação de sistemas integrados de produção tem sido considerada uma alternativa para intensificar o uso da terra de forma sustentável, porém, os distintos arranjos entre os componentes agrícolas assim como as variações nas condições climáticas podem afetar a comunidade de bactérias presentes nesses ambientes. Diante disso o objetivo do trabalho foi estudar a diversidade de colônias bacterianas, os efeitos sazonais de uso da terra e a presença de isolados com capacidade de solubilização de fosfato in vitro. O experimento foi composto por 5 tratamentos com diferentes arranjos (1- Eucalipto; 2- Lavoura de soja no verão e milho na 2o safra; 3- Pastagem; 4- Integração Lavoura Floresta; 5- Integração Pastagem Floresta). O delineamento experimental foi de blocos casualisados com 4 repetições.Também foram analisadas uma área de mata nativa e uma de pousio. As coletas de solo foram realizadas em março e setembro de 2012, final do período chuvoso e seco, respectivamente. De cada amostra foram realizadas diluições seriadas, seguidas de inoculação em placas de Petri contendo o meio de cultura DYG’S, sendo mantidas a 28oC e após 48 horas foi realizada a contagem de unidades formadoras de colônia.Posteriormente os isolados purificados foram caracterizadosmorfologicamente e testados quanto a capacidade de solubilização de fosfato. A quantidade de unidades formadoras de colônias variou entre 106 e 107UFC.g-1solo, sendo que a maior quantidadefoi encontrada na época chuvosa, independente da área. A diferença nas características morfológicas dos isolados permitiu encontrar 77 grupos fenotípicos diferentes. Os isolados a 80% de similaridadeformaram 13 grupos durante a época chuvosa enquanto que durante o período de seca formaram 14 grupos. Foram encontrados isolados com capacidade de solubilizar fosfato in vitroem todas as áreas, sendo que durante a época chuvosa a quantidade encontrada foi maior. / The implementation of integrated production systems has long been considered an alternative to intensify land use in a sustainable manner, however, the different arrangements between agricultural components as well as changes in the climatic conditions can affect the bacterial community present in these environments. In view of this the objective of this study was to verify the diversity of bacterial colonies, seasonal effects of land use and the presence of isolates capable of solubilizing phosphate in vitro. The experiment was composed by 5 treatments with different arrangements (1- Eucalyptus, 2- tillage soya in the summer and corn in 2o season, 3- pasture, 4- integrating agriculture florest, 5- integration pasture florest). Randomized block design with four replications, were also analyzed an area of native forest and fallow. The samplings were conducted in March and September, respectively rainy and dry period. From each sample dilutions, followed by inoculation were performed in Petri dishes containing the culture medium DYG'S, these plates were maintained at 28 °C and after 48 hours the count of colonies forming units was performed subsequently isolates purified were characterized according to their characteristics morphological and tested for ability to solubilize phosphate. The number of colonies forming units ranged between 106 and 107of CFU.g-1, and the larger amount was found the rainy season in all treatments. The difference in the morphological characteristics of the isolates allowed to find 77 different phenotypic groups. Isolates at 80% similarity, during the rainy season were grouped into 13 groups whereas during the dry period formed 14 groups. Isolates were found capable of solubilizing phosphate in vitro in all areas, and during the rainy season the greatest quantity was found.

L'essor des nouvelles technologies de télécommunication et de conception des capteurs a fait apparaître un nouveau domaine du traitement du signal : les réseaux de capteurs. Une application clé de ce nouveau domaine est l'estimation à distance : les capteurs acquièrent de l'information et la transmettent à un point distant où l'estimation est faite. Pour relever les nouveaux défis apportés par cette nouvelle approche (contraintes d'énergie, de bande et de complexité), la quantification des mesures est une solution. Ce contexte nous amène à étudier l'estimation à partir de mesures quantifiées. Nous nous concentrons principalement sur le problème d'estimation d'un paramètre de centrage scalaire. Le paramètre est considéré soit constant, soit variable dans le temps et modélisé par un processus de Wiener lent. Nous présentons des algorithmes d'estimation pour résoudre ce problème et, en se basant sur l'analyse de performance, nous montrons l'importance de l'adaptativité de la dynamique de quantification pour l'obtention d'une performance optimale. Nous proposons un schéma adaptatif de faible complexité qui, conjointement, estime le paramètre et met à jour les seuils du quantifieur. L'estimateur atteint de cette façon la performance asymptotique optimale. Avec 4 ou 5 bits de résolution, nous montrons que la performance optimale pour la quantification uniforme est très proche des performances d'estimation à partir de mesures continues. Finalement, nous proposons une approche à haute résolution pour obtenir les seuils de quantification non-uniformes optimaux ainsi qu'une approximation analytique des performances d'estimation. / With recent advances in sensing and communication technology, sensor networks have emerged as a new field in signal processing. One of the applications of his new field is remote estimation, where the sensors gather information and send it to some distant point where estimation is carried out. For overcoming the new design challenges brought by this approach (constrained energy, bandwidth and complexity), quantization of the measurements can be considered. Based on this context, we study the problem of estimation based on quantized measurements. We focus mainly on the scalar location parameter estimation problem, the parameter is considered to be either constant or varying according to a slow Wiener process model. We present estimation algorithms to solve this problem and, based on performance analysis, we show the importance of quantizer range adaptiveness for obtaining optimal performance. We propose a low complexity adaptive scheme that jointly estimates the parameter and updates the quantizer thresholds, achieving in this way asymptotically optimal performance. With only 4 or 5 bits of resolution, the asymptotically optimal performance for uniform quantization is shown to be very close to the continuous measurement estimation performance. Finally, we propose a high resolution approach to obtain an approximation of the optimal nonuniform quantization thresholds for parameter estimation and also to obtain an analytical approximation of the estimation performance based on quantized measurements.

Para avaliar os possíveis efeitos que os corantes artificiais podem causar à saúde, é de grande importância possuir dados relativos à exposição a estas substâncias. O fato de diversos estudos apontarem problemas de saúde relacionados ao consumo do corante artificial Amarelo Crepúsculo (AC) justifica a necessidade de verificar se a ingestão desta substância, através do consumo de alimentos industrializados, ultrapassa a Ingestão Diária Aceitável (IDA). O objetivo deste trabalho foi estudar e caracterizar a ingestão de AC pela população brasileira. Para isso, primeiramente foram verificados quais os alimentos comercializados por uma das maiores redes de supermercados do país que continham AC na sua formulação. Foi avaliada a ingestão média destes alimentos utilizando as Pesquisas de Orçamento Familiar (POF, 2008-2009) e determinada a Ingestão Diária Máxima Teórica (IDMT) de AC, através dos valores estipulados pela legislação brasileira para a concentração máxima permitida deste corante nos diferentes grupos de alimentos. Posteriormente foram realizadas analises, através de Cromatografia Líquida de Alta Eficiência (CLAE), para avaliar o teor de Amarelo Crepúsculo em refrescos em pó, refrigerantes, bebidas isotônicas, gelatinas e balas, e verificar as faixas de utilização deste corante e a adequação à legislação vigente. Através dos dados obtidos, verificou-se que a IDMT para AC, considerando o consumo médio per capita de alimentos, não supera a IDA para nenhuma das distribuições populacionais estudadas. No entanto, ao considerar a prevalência de consumo alimentar, a IDMT é superior à IDA para adolescentes de 10 a 18 anos (277% da IDA), adultos (181% da IDA) e idosos (140% da IDA) das áreas urbanas e rurais e nas cinco regiões do país Em relação às amostras analisadas, pode-se constatar que, considerando-se as médias obtidas, os produtos que mais contêm AC são na ordem: Refrigerantes (7,91 mg/100 mL); Bebidas Isotônicas (6,22 mg/100 mL); Refrescos em pó (5,96 mg/100 mL); Gelatinas (5,92 mg/100 mL) e Balas (menor que 1,25 mg/100 g). Através da realização deste trabalho, conclui-se que considerando o consumo médio per capita a ingestão diária representa entre 14 e 31% da IDA, não representando risco à saúde. No entanto, verificou-se que alguns indivíduos de todos os grupos populacionais podem estar ingerindo o corante em quantidades superiores às recomendadas. Cabe destacar que a POF (2008-2009), utilizada como fonte de dados nesta pesquisa, entrevistou crianças a partir dos 10 anos de idade. Visto que neste estudo o consumo de AC aumentou ao diminuir a faixa etária, é provável que esta tendência se aplique para crianças com menos de 10 anos. Diante do exposto, torna-se necessário um maior rigor no emprego e na fiscalização do uso de Amarelo Crepúsculo em produtos alimentares, visto que o consumo elevado deste corante pode ocasionar reações adversas aos seus consumidores. / To evaluate the possible effects that artificial dyes can cause health is very important to have data on exposure to these substances. The fact that several studies suggest health problems related to the consumption of artificial dye Sunset Yellow (SY) justifies the need to verify that the ingestion of this substance through consumption of processed foods, exceeds the Acceptable Daily Intake (ADI). The aim of this study was to evaluate and characterize the SY intake by the Brazilian population. For this, they were first checked which foods marketed by one of the country's largest supermarket chains containing SY in its formulation. the average intake of these foods using the Household Budget Surveys were evaluated (HBS 2008-2009) and determined the Theory Maximum Daily Intake (TMDI) SY, through the values set by the Brazilian legislation for the maximum permitted concentration of the dye in the different groups of food. Later analyzes were performed by High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) to evaluate the Yellow Twilight content in powdered drinks, soft drinks, isotonic drinks, gelatins and candy, and check the use of bands of this dye and the adequacy of legislation current. Through the data, it was found that the TMDI for SY, considering the average per capita consumption of food does not exceed the ADI for any of the studied population distributions. However, when considering the prevalence of food consumption, the TMDI is higher than the ADI for adolescents 10-18 years (277% of ADI), adults (181% of ADI) and the elderly (140% ADI) in urban areas and rural and in five regions of the country. Regarding the samples, it can be seen that, considering the averages, the products that contain SY are in order: Soft drinks (7.91 mg/100 mL); Isotonic drinks (6.22 mg/100 mL); powdered drinks (5.96 mg/100 mL); Gelatins (5.92 mg/100 mL) and candy (below 1,25 mg/100 g) Through this work, it is concluded that considering the average consumption per capita daily intake is between 14 and 31% of ADI and do not represent a health risk. However, it was found that some individuals of all population groups may be ingesting the dye in amounts greater than those recommended. It should be noted that the HBS (2008-2009), used as a data source in this research, interviewed children from 10 years old. Since in this study the use of SY increased by reducing the age, it is likely that this trend will apply to children under 10 years. Given the above, it is necessary a greater rigor in applying and monitoring the use of Sunset Yellow in food products, as the high consumption of this dye can cause adverse reactions to their consumers.

As especificações do biodiesel são garantidas por um rigoroso controle de qualidade; entre outros parâmetros, a quantificação de antioxidantes é fundamental para assegurar um produto satisfatório para comercialização. No presente estudo, foram desenvolvidas técnicas voltamétricas e cromatográficas para análise direta de BHA, TBHQ, BHT e PG em biodiesel. Medidas por voltametria de pulso diferencial (DPV) em mistura biodiesel:etanol 1:1 (v/v), contendo perclorato de tetra-hexilamônio como eletrólito suporte e empregando ultramicroeletrodo (ume) de Pt, mostraram picos da corrente diferencial de oxidação bem definidos para TBHQ e PG, sendo obtidos gráficos de calibração lineares na faixa de concentrações de 10-3 mol L-1. Analogamente, empregando um ume de Au em microemulsão de biodiesel livre de surfactante (SFME) contendo tetrafluoroborato de tetra-n-butilamônio, medidas por DPV apresentaram picos da corrente diferencial bem definidos para TBHQ e BHT. Para esses compostos, foram obtidos gráficos de calibração lineares na faixa de concentrações de 10-4 mol L-1. Em ambos os casos, devido à sobreposição dos voltamogramas, os teores de antioxidantes foram calculados por um procedimento matemático de deconvolução empregando o software Origin 8.0®. A quantificação de BHA, BHT e TBHQ por cromatografia GC/qMS em biodiesel diluído em metanol apresentou linearidade entre 5 e 25 mg L-1, para cada um dos antioxidantes. Medidas por HPLC em fase reversa com coluna fenílica apresentaram boa separação dos picos cromatográficos na análise simultânea de BHA, BHT, TBHQ e PG assim como curvas de calibração com linearidade entre 10 e 80 mg L-1, para cada um dos antioxidantes. A identificação dos ésteres metílicos de ácidos graxos (FAMEs) no biodiesel foi realizada por UHPLC-ESI-Orbitrap/MS; os teores de FAMEs e antioxidantes permaneceram estáveis nas amostras fortificadas mesmo após 8 semanas de exposição à luz solar, porém diminuíram significativamente em amostras não-fortificadas. As metodologias propostas são de fácil preparo e baixo consumo de amostra, podendo vir a ser do interesse da indústria para o monitoramento de antioxidantes em biodiesel, na linha de produção. A principal vantagem é não ser necessário nenhum tipo de pré-tratamento da amostra: a simples diluição em metanol ou etanol ou a preparação do biodiesel na forma de SFME conferem rapidez e simplicidade à determinação dos antioxidantes investigados. / Biodiesel features are assured by strict quality control procedures; among those, antioxidants quantification is essential to guarantee a good and satisfactory final product for commercialization. In the present study, voltammetric and chromatographic methodologies were developed for direct analyses techniques of BHA, TBHQ, BHT and PG in biodiesel. Differential pulse voltammetry (DPV) in biodiesel:ethanol 1:1 (v/v), with tetrahexylammonium perchlorate as supporting electrolyte at a Pt ultramicroelectrode (ume), presented well-defined oxidation peaks for TBHQ and PG, with corresponding linear calibration graphs in the range of 10-3 mol L-1. Likewise, DPV at an Au ume in biodiesel surfactant-free microemulsion (SFME), with tetra-n-butylammonium tetrafluoroborate, presented well-defined oxidation peaks for TBHQ and BHT. For these compounds, linear calibration graphs were obtained in the range of 10-4 mol L-1. In both techniques, due to significant voltammograms overlapping, amounts of antioxidants were calculated through mathematical deconvolution process using software Origin 8.0®. BHA, BHT and TBHQ quantification by GC/qMS in biodiesel diluted in methanol presented linearity between 5 and 25 mg L-1 for each antioxidant. Reversed-phase liquid chromatography by HPLC using phenyl column showed good peak separation in simultaneous analysis of BHA, BHT, TBHQ and PG and calibration curves with linearity between 10 and 80 mg L-1. Biodiesel fatty acid methyl esters (FAMEs) identification was carried out by UHPLC-ESI-Orbitrap/MS; both FAMEs and antioxidants contents remained stable in spiked samples even after 8 weeks under sunlight exposure; in non-spiked samples, FAMEs content was significantly reduced. All proposed methodologies are easy to perform and present low sample consumption, which are interesting features for industry to monitor the aforementioned and other antioxidants in biodiesel. Their main advantage lies in the absence of any sample pre-treatment: the simple dilution in methanol or ethanol or biodiesel preparation as SFME deliver speed and simplicity for determination of target antioxidants.

abstract: The origin and function of color in animals has been a subject of great interest for taxonomists and ecologists in recent years. Coloration in animals is useful for many important functions like species identification, camouflage and understanding evolutionary relationships. Quantitative measurements of color signal and patch size in mammals, birds and reptiles, to name a few are strong indicators of sexual selection cues and individual health. These measurements provide valuable insights into the impact of environmental conditions on habitat and breeding of mammals, birds and reptiles. Recent advances in the area of digital cameras and sensors have led to a significant increase in the use of digital photography as a means of color quantification in animals. Although a significant amount of research has been conducted on ways to standardize image acquisition conditions and calibrate cameras for use in animal color quantification, almost no work has been done on designing automated methods for animal color quantification. This thesis presents a novel perceptual"–"based framework for the automated extraction and quantification of animal coloration from digital images with slowly varying (almost homogenous) background colors. This implemented framework uses a combination of several techniques including color space quantization using a few dominant colors, foreground"–"background identification, Bayesian classification and mixture Gaussian modelling of conditional densities, edge"–"enhanced model"–"based classification and Saturation"–"Brightness quantization to extract the colored patch. This approach assumes no prior information about the color of either the subject or the background and also the position of the subject in the image. The performance of the proposed method is evaluated for the plumage color of the wild house finches. Segmentation results obtained using the implemented framework are compared with manually scored results to illustrate the performance of this system. The segmentation results show a high correlation with manually scored images. This novel framework also eliminates common problems in manual scoring of digital images such as low repeatability and inter"–"observer error. / Dissertation/Thesis / M.S. Electrical Engineering 2013

A introdução de variedades transgênicas de soja provocou grandes alterações no mercado mundial e na legislação de países produtores e compradores, principalmente no que se refere à certificação, rastreabilidade, biossegurança e rotulagem. A soja é responsável por quase metade das receitas com exportação do Brasil, estando presente na forma de matéria-prima ou ingrediente em parte significativa dos alimentos no mercado brasileiro. O limite estabelecido de 1,0 % para presença de transgênicos em alimentos, acima do qual a rotulagem passa a ser obrigatória, gerou a demanda por materiais de referência para controle e quantificação em matérias-primas e alimentos, para harmonização e uniformização dos resultados obtidos em diferentes equipamentos e laboratórios, atualmente produzidos com exclusividade pelo Instituto de Materiais de Referência e Medidas - IRMM, na Bélgica. Diante do alto custo e da dificuldade de obtenção destes produtos, foram elaborados, utilizando-se técnica de moagem e mistura criogênica, com verificação por PCR em tempo real, candidatos a materiais de referência para soja transgênica Roundup Ready® (soja RR) em pó nas concentrações de 0%, 0,1%, 0,5%, 1,0%, 2,0% e 5% de material transgênico. Para rastrear a origem da soja transgênica, aplicou-se o método de marcadores AFLP sobre 29 variedades de soja RR, sendo 21 argentinas e 8 brasileiras, encontrando-se 6 bandas polimórficas, produtos de 4 pares de primers, selecionados de um total de 67 reações usando diferentes combinações de primers seletivos. Por este método, foram caracterizadas 15 das variedades argentinas e todas as variedades brasileiras. Para alimentos processados em análise de PCR, adotou-se a estratégia de detecção de fragmentos curtos (cerca de 100 pb) de soja RR, com desenho de primers usando programas computacionais de livre acesso na Internet (Primer3, NetPrimer, Rebase) e validação por digestão com endonucleases e sequenciamento. Foram estabelecidos dois novos conjuntos de primers para detecção e quantificação de fragmentos dos genes da lectina e CP4 EPSPS de soja RR, testados nas 29 variedades de soja RR e três matrizes de alimentos à base de soja / The introduction of soybean transgenic cultivars brought several changes in both world trade and regulation rules for producers and consumers, mainly in relation to certification, traceability, biosafety and labeling. Soybean is one of the largest commodities in the world trade and responsible for half of the Brazilian export incomings, present as raw material or ingredient in significant part of foods in the local market. The adoption of the threshold of 1,0 % for nonintentional presence of GMO in food, requiring obligatory labeling for contents above this level, demands reference materials for the control and quantification of transgenics in raw material and processed food, allowing the harmonization of results from different methods and laboratories, currently being produced exclusively by the Institute for Reference Materials and Measurements - IRMM, in Belgium. Due to the high costs and difficulty to obtain these products, candidate reference materials of Roundup Ready® transgenic soybean (RR soybean) were produced at levels of 0 %, 0,1 %, 0,5 %, 1,0 %, 2,0 % and 5,0 % of transgenic material, using cryogenic milling and mixing techniques, with subsequent verification by real time PCR. Tracing of Roundup Ready cultivars by origin was done through AFLP molecular markers in a total of 29 RR soybean cultivars: 21 Argentinean and 8 Brazilian cultivars. Fingerprinting was possible in 15 Argentinean and all Brazilian cultivars through 6 bands obtained from 4 selective pairs of primers, singled out from 67 different combinations of selective primers. For PCR analysis of processed food, primers were designed using freeware sources over the Internet (Primer3, NetPrimer, Rebase) for short fragments amplification (around 100 bp). Primers sets for the amplification of lectin and CP4 EPSPS gene fragments from RR soybean were designed for the detection of these genes in the 29 RR soybean cultivars and three soybean based food matrices, with the results validated by endonucleases digestion and sequencing