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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
41

The development of a human factors tool for the successful implementation of industrial human-robot collaboration

Charalambous, George January 2014 (has links)
Manufacturing organisations have placed significant attention to the potential of industrial human-robot collaboration (HRC) as a means for enhancing productivity and product quality. This concept has predominantly been seen from an engineering and safety aspect, while the human related issues tend to be disregarded. As the key human factors relevant to industrial HRC have not yet been fully investigated, the research presented in this thesis sought to develop a human factors tool to enable the successful implementation of industrial HRC. First, a theoretical framework was developed which collected the key organisational and individual level human factors by reviewing comparable contexts to HRC. The human factors at each level were investigated separately. To identify whether the organisational human factors outlined in the theoretical framework were enablers or barriers, an industrial exploratory case study was conducted where traditional manual work was being automated. The implications provided an initial roadmap of the key organisational human factors that need to be considered as well as the critical inter-relations between them. From the list of individual level human factors identified in the theoretical framework, the focus was given on exploring the development of trust between human workers and industrial robots. A psychometric scale that measures trust specifically in industrial HRC was developed. The scale offers the opportunity to system designers to identify the key system aspects that can be manipulated to optimise trust in industrial HRC. Finally, the results were gathered together to address the overall aim of the research. A human factors guidance tool was developed which provides practitioners propositions to enable successful implementation of industrial HRC.
42

Rodina a postavení mužů v zaměstnání / Family and Men's Professional Status

Nosková, Soňa January 2013 (has links)
In this diploma thesis, I will study a relationship between family characteristics and men's professional status in Czechia. As a theoretical background, I will introduce sociology of family and sociology of employment. However, an empirical analysis may be considered a core of this thesis. The basic patterns and relationships are to be uncovered by quantitative analyses. These analyses will be based on individual data from Census 2001. I believe that the basic relationship between family and employment matters is relatively stable and thus this data from 2001 I use shall be sufficient for this purpose. The aforementioned relationship will be studied with correlation and regression analyses both across individual indicators and synthetic variables.
43

Famílias incestuosas: diferenciação das funções familiares / Incestuous families: differenciation of family functions

Pinheiro, Mariana Lanna 19 June 2015 (has links)
Introdução: A presente dissertação foi desenvolvida com o intuito de investigar as possíveis mudanças na dinâmica das famílias incestuosas, após intervenção do tratamento psicoterapêutico. A hipótese é de que mudanças primárias e secundárias ocorrem nas famílias encaminhadas ao Centro de Estudos e Atendimentos Referente ao Abuso Sexual (CEARAS) a partir do tratamento proposto. Essa dissertação foi elaborada a partir de uma perspectiva psicanalítica, com enfoque psicossocial, na qual o sujeito é considerado a partir de sua imersão na cultura. Para tanto, se tomou como base de reflexão o trabalho desenvolvido por este Centro de Estudos, em relação às famílias incestuosas. Objetivo: Refletir sobre as mudanças primárias e secundárias apresentadas pelas famílias incestuosas que foram atendidas no CEARAS. Metodologia: Trata-se de uma pesquisa retrospectiva documental. Foram analisados os prontuários de 19 famílias atendidas no CEARAS no período de 1993 a 2013 que compuseram a amostra final. Levantaram-se as informações sobre os atendimentos, condições de prontuários e quanto ao tratamento. As mudanças descritas nos prontuários foram divididas em dois grupos: mudanças primárias e secundárias. Uma análise descritiva e quantitativa das variáveis foi realizada. Resultados: A maior parte das famílias que foram encaminhadas para o CEARAS não finalizaram o tratamento proposto. Em relação às mudanças observadas, 53% das famílias apresentaram mudanças primárias e secundárias, 37% primárias e 10% secundárias. Em relação às mudanças primárias, a simbolização das funções familiares foi a mais frequente e a autonomia do membros familiares a menos frequente nos prontuários analisados. Não houve predomínio de mudanças secundárias. Observou-se um maior número de mudanças nas familías que não passaram pelo processo de troca de terapeutas. Conclusão: Percebeu-se a viabilidade do trabalho, o quanto ele se faz necessário. A pesquisa apontou que as mudanças primárias e secundárias são possíveis de acontecer através da terapia familiar. A transferência das famílias não ocorre somente com a instituição, mas também com os terapeutas envolvidos no tratamento / Introduction:This research aims to investigate possible changes to the dynamics of incestuous families after the commencement of psychotherapeutic treatment. Hypothetically, primary and secondary changes happen to the families taken to the Sexual Abuse Study and Help Center (Centro de Estudos e Atendimentos Referente ao Abuso Sexual - CEARAS) from the proposed treatment. This essay has been elaborated from a psychoanalytical perspective with psychosocial emphasis, in which the individual is considered from his cultural context. To do so, the grounds for the analysis is the work developed by the Study Center with the incestuous families. Objective: To think about the primary and secondary changes that arose from the therapeutic treatment provided by CEARAS to the dysfunctional families. Methodology: This is a retrospective document research. The handbook of the 19 families supported by CEARAS from the period between 1993 and 2013 which were part of the final sample have been analysed. The information about the calls, handbook conditions and treatment have been searched. The changes described in the handbooks were split in two groups: primary and secondary changes. Results: Most families under CEARAS\' care have not finished the proposed treatment. In relation to the changes detected, 53% of the families have shown primary and secondary changes; 37% have shown primary; and 10% secondary. It has been observed in the handbooks under analysis that, in relation to primary changes, the simbolization of the family functions was the most outstanding change whereas the autonomy of the family members was the least. There was no predominance of secondary changes. There has been a higher number of changes in families that did not have to change therapists. Conclusion: It is noticeable that the work is feasible and how necessary it is.The research shows that the primary and secondary changes are possible to take place by way of family therapy. The transfer in families does not happen only with the institution but also with the therapists involved in the treatment
44

Estudo retrospectivo e prospectivo da urolitíase em cães / Retrospective and prospective study of urolithiasis in dogs

Oyafuso, Mônica Kanashiro 16 July 2008 (has links)
A urolitíase ocorre com relativa freqüência dentre as afecções que acometem o trato urinário inferior de cães e gatos. Urólitos são agregados de material cristalino e matriz que se forma em um ou mais locais no trato urinário quando a urina torna-se supersaturada com substâncias cristalogênicas. A constituição dos urólitos pode ser decorrente de deposição de um único tipo mineral ou de minerais diferentes que se depositam em camadas (laminações) ou simplesmente agregam-se à pedra. Dependendo do tipo mineral e sua distribuição no urólito, este pode ser classificado em simples (apenas uma camada com predomínio - >70% - de um único tipo mineral), misto (também apenas uma camada identificável, porém sem predomínio de um único mineral) ou composto (presença de mais de uma camada de composição mineral diferente). Atualmente existem dois métodos de análise da composição mineral de cálculo: análise qualitativa e quantitativa, porém apenas a quantitativa permite a determinação do percentual das diferentes composições minerais, além de ser um método mais sensível e específico. Este estudo teve como objetivo analisar os casos de urolitíase canina que tiveram seus cálculos analisados quantitativamente, atendidos no Hospital Veterinário da Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária e Zootecnia da Universidade de São Paulo (FMVZ-USP). Foram analisados 161 urólitos provenientes de 156 cães (5 animais apresentaram recidiva), durante o período de fevereiro de 1999 a janeiro de 2007. Todas as análises foram realizadas no Minnesota Urolith Center, baseada nos métodos de microscopia de luz polarizada, espectroscopia infravermelha e espectroscopia por raios-X com dispersão de energia. Apenas 30,2% (106) dos urólitos eram simples, 1,9% (3) mistos e 67,9% (47) eram compostos. Apesar desse predomínio de urólitos compostos, a avaliação individual desses revelou que 64 de 106 urólitos compostos continham em todas as suas camadas, predomínio (>70%) de um mesmo tipo mineral: 26 continham estruvita, 35 oxalato de cálcio (mono ou dihidratado) e três de urato (urato ácido de sódio e urato ácido de amônio). Tais urólitos, apesar de classificados como compostos poderiam ser manejados como urólitos simples. Por outro lado, 30 urólitos compostos tinham a região interna minerais passíveis de dissolução, mas que seria impedida por uma camada mineral externa não passível de dissolução. O inverso ocorreu em 3 amostras (apenas a camada mais externa seria passível de dissolução) e outras duas amostras apresentaram deposição sequencial de minerais passíveis de dissolução, porém, que exigiriam protocolos distintos. Assim, o conhecimento da composição de todas as camadas (núcleo, pedra, parede e superfície) que compõe o urólito é essencial para o entendimento da formação do cálculo e conseqüentemente para a indicação do tratamento adequado, assim como para a prevenção de recidivas. / Urolithiasis is a relatively common urinary tract disorder of dogs and cats. Whenever urine becomes oversaturate with cristallogenic substances, uroliths may be formed from crystalline material and protein matrix. Uroliths may be composed from only one kind or from different types of minerals, which can be deposited in layers or aggregate forming a stone. They can be classified according to their mineral type and distribution in: simple (only one layer and more than 70% of a single mineral), mixed (one identifiable layer, without predominance of a mineral type) or coumpound (more than one layer of different mineral types). Currently, there are two methods of urolith analyses: quantitative and qualitative analysis. However, only quantitative analysis allows determination of the mineral composition with accuracy, and it is a more sensitive and specific test. One hundred and sixty one canine uroliths were obtained from the Hospital of the School of Veterinary Medicine and Zootechny of University of São Paulo (FMVZ-USP) and were submitted to Minnesota Uroliths Center for quantitative analysis from February 1999 to January 2007. All uroliths were analyzed using polarizing light microscopy, infrared spectroscopy and energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy. One hundred and six (30,2%) were simple uroliths, 3 (1,9%) mixed, and 47 (67,9%) were compound. Despite the predominance of compound uroliths, individual urolithevaluation revealed that 64 of 106 compound uroliths had a predominant mineral type (>70%) in all layers: 26 were struvite, 35 calcium oxalate (mono or dihydrate) and 3 were urate (sodium acid urate and ammonium acid urate). These uroliths, despite being classified as compound uroliths, could be assumed as simple uroliths. However, 30 compound uroliths had dissoluble inner layers, but the outer layer would prevent them from being dissovable. Three samples had the opposite (outer layer could be dissoluted, but inner layer could not) and 2 other samples had required two different protocols for medical dissolution. Knowledge the composition of all layers (nidus, stone, shell and surface crystals) is essential to understand the urolith etiology and a key factor to successful therapy and prevent recurrence.
45

Quantification du métabolisme glycolytique cérébral en imagerie TEP au 18F-FDG : caractérisation de l’impact du vieillissement et de sa composante accélérée d’origine vasculaire / Quantification of glycolytic metabolism in brain FDG PET imaging : characterization of the impact of aging and its accelarated vascular component

Verger, Antoine 11 December 2015 (has links)
La tomographie par émission de positons au 18F-Fluorodésoxyglucose (TEP au 18F-FDG) est une technique d’imagerie permettant de quantifier le métabolisme glycolytique cérébral. L’objectif de nos travaux de thèse était d’essayer de caractériser au mieux les modifications cérébrales liées au vieillissement, y compris la partie possiblement liée à des dysfonctions vasculaires, grâce à une analyse quantitative tridimensionnelle voxel-à-voxel des images de TEP au 18F-FDG. Nos travaux montrent, tout d’abord, qu’il existe un intérêt pratique à utiliser un logiciel de normalisation spatial particulier (BM : Block Matching) pour l’analyse quantitative cérébrale, au moins pour la fabrication de modèles anatomiques (« template ») adaptés à chaque population étudiée. Cet intérêt a été tout d’abord montré pour localiser des foyers épileptiques temporaux, puis pour quantifier l’impact de l’âge sur le métabolisme cérébral (détermination plus précise des aires cérébrales affectées). Avec cette méthode, il est possible d’observer une diminution du métabolisme cérébral tout au long de la vie, en particulier dans certaines aires frontales. Nous avons essayé de déterminer la composante du vieillissement cérébral qui est possiblement liée à une dysfonction vasculaire et qui serait donc susceptible d’être traitée ou prévenue par des thérapeutiques vasculaires appropriées. Dans ce domaine de recherche, nous avons pu montrer que les anomalies micro-vasculaires de la substance blanche, appelées leucoaraïose, étaient associées à une diminution du métabolisme de la substance grise, en particulier au niveau frontal. Cet effet était indépendant de l’effet spécifique de l’âge et du phénomène d’atrophie corticale. Enfin, dans une population de patients âgés et à forte prévalence d’hypertension artérielle, nous avons montré que la pression artérielle était étroitement corrélée au remodelage métabolique cérébral, en particulier lorsque cette pression est mesurée au niveau central et lorsque l’on tient compte de la pression différentielle, avec alors une valeur seuil de 50 mmHg. Le vieillissement cérébral global et l’accélération qui peut être liée à des facteurs vasculaires sont des données qui peuvent être estimées en TEP au 18F-FDG, avec une méthode d’analyse quantitative voxel-à-voxel adaptée. Cette identification pourrait peut-être guider la prescription de traitements vasculaires appropriés et aussi, aider à différencier ces atteintes liées à l’âge ou d’origine vasculaire des autres maladies cérébrales. / 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography (18F-FDG PET) is a brain-imaging technique allowing brain glycolytic metabolism to be quantified. The aim of this doctoral thesis work was to try to better characterize the aging-related changes in brain metabolism, including the part with a possible vascular origin, thanks to a three-dimensional voxel-based quantitative analysis of 18F-FDG PET images. Our work shows firstly that there is a clear advantage to use a particular spatial normalization software (BM: Block Matching) for the brain quantitative analysis, at least for the providing of templates adapted to each study population. This advantage was shown, initially, for the localization of temporal epileptic foci and thereafter, for quantifying the age-related changes in brain metabolism (enhanced determination of the involved brain areas). With this method, a decrease in brain metabolism could be documented throughout the life especially within certain frontal areas. In addition, we tried to determine the component of cerebral aging, which might be of a vascular origin and thus, susceptible to be treated or prevented by vascular treatments. In this research field, we have shown that microvascular abnormalities, setting within white-matter and called leukoaraiosis, were associated with a decrease in the grey-matter metabolism, in particular within certain frontal areas. This effect was independent of the inherent effect of age and of cortical atrophy. Finally, in a population of older patients with a high prevalence of hypertension, we showed that the blood pressure level was correlated to a brain metabolic remodeling, especially when this pressure was measured at central level and when considering the pulse pressure and a threshold value of 50 mmHg. The global cerebral aging and its acceleration in relation to vascular factors may be assessed by 18F-FDG PET when using an adapted voxel-based quantitative method. This assessment could potentially be useful for the monitoring of vascular treatments and for differentiating the aging- and vascular-related metabolic changes to those corresponding to brain diseases of other origins.
46

Análise quantitativa automática da vasculatura pulmonar em TCAR de pacientes com hipertensão pulmonar / Automatic quantitative analysis of pulmonary vasculature on HRCT of patients with pulmonary hypertension

Melges, Gustavo Cabrera 01 June 2017 (has links)
A hipertensão pulmonar (HP) é uma doença caracterizada por elevação da pressão da artéria pulmonar e um aumento da resistência vascular pulmonar levando à disfunção do ventrículo direito, sendo complicação importante de doenças como a doença pulmonar obstrutiva crônica (DPOC), doença pulmonar intersticial (DPI), colagenoses e vasculites. A tomografia computadoriza de alta resolução (TCAR) é um dos principais métodos de diagnóstico e acompanhamento destas doenças. Neste estudo objetivamos a analise quantitativa dos exames de TCAR do tórax em pacientes com doenças parenquimatosas difusas e hipertensão pulmonar diagnosticada por cateterismo direito. Foram analisados retrospectivamente os prontuários eletrônicos e os exames de TCAR de 29 pacientes com HP, em comparação com um grupo controle. Foram excluídos os casos de hipertensão arterial pulmonar primária e tromboembolismo crônico, cuja investigação é feita prioritariamente com exame de angiotomografia. A análise quantitativa foi realizada utilizando programa completamente automático e algumas medidas manuais também foram realizadas. O pacientes com HP, quando comparados ao controle, apresentaram redução do volume pulmonar, aumento da atenuação média do parênquima, aumento na medida do volume vascular pulmonar, aumento da densidade vascular pulmonar e na relação do volume vascular nos lobos superiores em relação aos lobos inferiores. O programa automático foi capaz de identificar as alterações da vasculatura, mesmo em se tratando de exames não contrastados e em meio a alterações arquiteturais do parênquima pulmonar. Estes achados provavelmente representam a redistribuição da trama vascular pulmonar, relacionada ao aumento da resistência vascular pulmonar. A análise quantitativa automática, realizada em exames de TCAR já utilizados na rotina clínica, pode representar nova ferramenta não invasiva capaz de identificar sinais de HP em pacientes com fator de risco, como DPOC, DPI, colagenoses, em que a HP representa complicação importante e de diagnóstico muitas vezes difícil / Pulmonary hypertension (PH) is a disease characterized by elevation in the mean pressure of the pulmonary artery and an increase in the pulmonary vascular resistance leading to right heart dysfunction, being an important complication of multiple diseases such as chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), interstitial lung disease (ILD), collagen diseases and vasculitis. The high resolution computed tomography (HRCT) is one of the main diagnostic methods and is also important in the follow up of these patients. In this study we aim the quantitative analysis of the thoracic HRCT exams in patients with diffuse parenchymal lung disease and pulmonary hypertension diagnosed by right heart catheterism. We analised retrospectively the clinical records and HRCT exams of 29 patients with PH, comparing to a control group. Were excluded from the study patients with primary pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) and chronic thromboembolism pulmonary hypertension (CTEPH), which investigations usually include pulmonary angiotomography. The quantitative analysis was made utilizing a completely automatic software and some manual measures were also noted. Patients with PH, when comparing to control group, presented significant pulmonary volume reduction, elevated mean parenchymal attenuation, elevated measures of the pulmonary vascular volume, increase in the pulmonary vascular density and also an elevation in the relation between vascular volume in the upper pulmonary lobes and the lower lobes. The automatic software was able to identify the vascular alterations, even in non contrast enhanced exams and amidst architectural distortions in the lung parenchyma. These findings probably represent the redistribution of the pulmonary vascular bed, related to the pulmonary vascular resistance increase. .The quantitative automatic analysis, made in HRCT exams, used in clinical practice, can represent a new non invasive tool, able to identify PH signs in risc patients, such as COPD, ILD and collagen diseases, in which PH represents an important complication with, many times, difficult diagnosis.
47

"Avaliação quantitativa e qualitativa de duas cerâmicas frente a diferentes tratamentos de superfície" / Quantitative and qualitative evaluation of the two ceramics in differents surfaces tratment

Agra, Carlos Martins 01 September 2005 (has links)
A característica de superfície representa um fator importante na previsibilidade do comportamento dos materiais cerâmicos quanto ao desgaste. A rugosidade superficial de duas cerâmicas (Duceram Plus e Duceragold) foi avaliada através de dois métodos - análise quantitativa e qualitativa - após diferentes tratamentos. Foram confeccionados 36 corpos de prova de prova para a análise ao rugosímetro, e 24 corpos de prova para a análise ao MEV. Os resultados destas análises demonstraram o comportamento distinto entre os diferentes tratamentos. A análise com o rugosímetro demonstrou que a ação dos polidores EDENTA foi a mais efetiva para devolver lisura à superfície após a realização de desgaste com instrumento abrasivo diamantado rotatório. Todas as técnicas de polimento acarretaram em valores de rugosidade menores que os observados nos espécimes que foram submetidos apenas os “glaze". Entre as cerâmicas avaliadas, a Duceragold apresentou valores médios de rugosidade inferiores aos observados na porcelana Duceram Plus na maioria dos tratamentos pesquisados. Pela análise ao MEV não foi possível distinguir diferenças entre as cerâmicas ou entre os corpos de prova polidos ou submetidos apenas ao “glaze". / The surface characteristic of ceramic material is an important factor to predict its wear behavior. The surface roughness of two ceramics (Duceram Plus e Duceragold) was evaluated trough qualitative and quantitative methods after different treatments. 36 specimens were fabricated for the analysis utilizing a surface profiling instrument, and 24 for the SEM analysis. The results determined different behavior between the two ceramics evaluated due the treatment executed. The analysis utilizing a surface profiling instrument showed that the treatment using the EDENTA polishers was the most effective technique to provide the smoothest surface after trimming. All polishing techniques resulted in better surface properties when compared to the treatment glaze. The Duceragold ceramic presented lower roughness values in most treatments executed when compared to Duceram Plus. The perception trough the SEM analysis of significant differences between treatments or between the two ceramics was not achievable.
48

Var är brudarna? : En innehållsanalytisk studie om kvinnliga idrottsutövare i Sportbladet / Where are the chicks? : A content analytic study about female athletes in Sportbladet

Carlén, Fredrik, Dillenz, Mikael January 2009 (has links)
The goal with our research has been to describe how often and in what way female athletes are represented in the sport section in Sweden’s biggest evening newspaper Aftonbladet. The material we’ve used are the newspapers that we collected during two weeks in 2008, the 3rd of November to the 9th of November and the 11th of November to the 17th of November. We’ve conduced two qualitative researches – a text analysis and an image analysis – and one quantitative analysis on our material. We’ve based our analysis on, among others, theories on the sportmediacomplex, critique feministic analysis and normative theory.        In these articles women are designed into four different stereotypes. We’ve chosen to call them the star, the victim, the sensation and the absent. On the basis on our theories we believe that these four stereotypes are creating more sexism and in that way they are contributing to the suppressing of women as a whole.        Our quantitative analysis shows that men occur more frequent on the sport pages than women. Almost nine of ten of the articles in Sportbladet are about men and male athletes. We believe that in this way Sportbladet contributes to the invisibilisation of female athletes and further more to the discrimination of women.
49

Análise quantitativa por tomografia computadorizada da vasculatura pulmonar em pacientes com hipertensão pulmonar utilizando programa automático / Quantitative computed tomography vascular analysis in patients with pulmonary hypertension using automated software

Wada, Danilo Tadao 17 June 2016 (has links)
Objetivamos neste estudo avaliar de maneira quantitativa as alterações do parênquima e da vasculatura pulmonar em exames de angiotomografia computadorizada (angioTC) de pacientes com hipertensão pulmonar (HP), utilizando programa de análise totalmente automática. Foram analisados retrospectivamente os prontuários físicos e eletrônicos e os exames de angioTC de 45 pacientes com HP, em comparação com um grupo controle. Os pacientes com HP também foram divididos de acordo com a classificação de Nice, sendo representados principalmente pelos grupos 1 (hipertensão arterial pulmonar, incluindo a idiopática) e grupo 4 (hipertensão pulmonar secundária ao tromboembolismo crônico). A análise automática mostrou que os pacientes com HP apresentaram valores menores do percentil 10 (p10) da densidade dos pulmões e valores maiores de volume vascular do lobo superior direito (LSD) e de volume vascular relativo entre lobos superiores e inferiores. Neste estudo não encontramos diferenças da análise quantitativa por TC entre os grupos de pacientes com HP. Inferimos que a diferença nos valores de p10 indique a presença das áreas hipoatenuantes de oligoemia nos pacientes com HP, enquanto as diferenças nos volumes vasculares indiquem a redistribuição da trama vascular pulmonar. A análise quantitativa da vasculatura pulmonar em imagens de angioTC pode representar uma ferramenta diagnóstica objetiva na avaliação da HP. / In this study, we aimed to quantitatively analyze the lung parenchyma and pulmonary vasculature in computadorized tomography angiography (angioCT) from patients with pulmonary hypertension (PH), using a complete automated software. We retrospectively analyzed 45 patients\'s exams and clinical records, comparing with a control group. Patients were also divided in groups, according to Nice classification, represented mainly by group 1 (pulmonary arterial hypertension, including idiopathic) and 4 (chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension). In patients with PH, the automated analysis found lower values of the 10th percentile (p10) of pulmonary density and higher values of vessel volumes in the upper right lobe (RUL) and higher relative vessel volumes between the uppers and lowers lobes. In this study, we didn\'t find any difference between the groups of patients with PH in the quantitative analysis of angioCT. We infer that the p10 differences indicate presence of hypoattenuating areas of olygoemia in patients with PH and that the difference in pulmonary vessel volumes indicates pulmonary vasculature redistribution. The analysis of pulmonary vessels in angioCT images can represent an objective diagnostic tool in PH evaluation.
50

O uso de técnicas estatísticas multivariadas em dissertações e teses sobre o comportamento do consumidor: um estudo exploratório / The use of the statistics technique of multivariate analysis in dissertations and theses related to consumer behavior: a exploratory study

Prearo, Leandro Campi 29 August 2008 (has links)
A presente dissertação teve como principal objetivo avaliar o nível de adequação das técnicas estatísticas de análise multivariada em dissertações e teses da área de Marketing, na temática do comportamento consumidor, entre 1997 e 2006, apresentadas aos Programas de Pós Graduação da Faculdade de Economia, Administração e Contabilidade da Universidade de São Paulo e da Escola de Administração de Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul. Para atender a esse objetivo, buscou-se organizar um referencial teórico que subsidiasse a discussão sobre os objetivos de aplicação de cada uma das técnicas, bem como que subsidiasse a construção de um procedimento de avaliação a partir do atendimento a premissas subjacentes ao uso dessas técnicas. Foram analisados cinqüenta e seis estudos com aplicação das técnicas multivariadas, dentre os cento e noventa seis estudos disponíveis sobre a temática em referência no período. Desse universo, delimitou-se o público-alvo em noventa e nove aplicações dessas técnicas. A adequação da aplicação das técnicas às necessidades dos problemas de pesquisa foi verificada em 100% dos casos. Entretanto, quanto ao atendimento às premissas, o resultado foi negativo: apenas 16,8% das aplicações mostraram-se adequadas, atendendo a todas as premissas exigidas. A técnicas de Análise Fatorial Exploratória foi a mais utilizada no período, seguida da Modelagem de Equações Estruturais e da Análise de Regressão. As premissas mais verificadas foram a de sensibilidade ao tamanho da amostra e a de padronização dos dados; as menos verificadas foram as premissas de normalidade multivariada, linearidade, homoscedasticidade e autocorrelação dos resíduos. De forma geral, os resultados sugerem a necessidade de um aumento do comprometimento dos pesquisadores na verificação de todos os preceitos teóricos de aplicação de cada técnica. / This dissertation has the purpose to evaluate the level of adaptation of the statistics technique of multivariate analysis in dissertations and theses related to Marketing, consumer behavior, during 1997 and 2006, introduced at Programs of Masters degree of the Faculdade de Economia, Administração e Contabilidade da Universidade de São Paulo and of the Escola de Administração da Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul. To reach this purpose, was organized a theoretical referential that would subsidize the discussion about the objectives of each technique application, and one that would subsidize the construction of an evaluation procedure starting with the attention to the subjacent premises to the use of these techniques. It was analyzed fifty-six studies of a hundred-ninety-six available on the thematic on the period, which used multivariate application techniques. Based on a consumer target, was delimited ninety-nine applications of that technique. The application of the techniques was observed at 100% of the cases where they were suited to the necessities of the research problems. However, taking the premise attention the results were negative: only 16.8% of the applications were suited, following all the premises required. The technique Factorial Exploration Analysis was the most used technique on the period, followed by Structures Equations Modeling and Regression Analysis. The most verified premises were the sensibility to the size of the sample and the data standardization; the least verified were multivariate normality, linearity, homoscedasticity, and autocorrelation. The results suggest the necessity of a higher commitment of the researchers on the verification of all theoretical precept of each technique application.

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