Xu Dongqing. / "June 2003." / Thesis (Ph.D.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 2003. / Includes bibliographical references (p. 140-154). / Electronic reproduction. Hong Kong : Chinese University of Hong Kong, [2012] System requirements: Adobe Acrobat Reader. Available via World Wide Web. / Electronic reproduction. Ann Arbor, MI : ProQuest Information and Learning Company, [200-] System requirements: Adobe Acrobat Reader. Available via World Wide Web. / Mode of access: World Wide Web. / Abstracts in English and Chinese.

Ve statistických modelů sémantiky jsou významy slov pouze na základě jejich distribuční vlastnosti.Základní zdroj je zde jeden slovník, který lze použít pro různé úkoly, kde se význam slov reprezentovány jako vektory v vektorového prostoru, a slovní podoby jako vzdálenosti mezi jejich vektorových osobnosti. Pomocí silných podobnosti, může vhodnost podmínek uvedených zejména v souvislosti se vypočítá a používá pro celou řadu úkolů, jeden z nich je slovo smysl Disambiguation. V této práci bylo vyšetřeno několik různých přístupů k modelům z vektorového prostoru a prováděny tak, aby k překročení vyhodnocení vlastního výkonu na Word Sense disambiguation úkolem Prague Dependency Treebank.

O pesquisador que opta pela Semiótica de linha francesa para o desenvolvimento de seu projeto acadêmico, lança sua âncora nos estudos da linguagem humana e encontra um arcabouço teórico inaugurado por Saussure no Curso de Linguística Geral (Saussure, 1997). Partindo desta base teórica, discutiremos a pertinência da aplicação dos princípios da Teoria Semiótica, também chamada greimasiana, na análise do discurso musical. Num primeiro momento, apresentaremos um modelo de apreensão do objeto estético a partir de elementos extraídos da obra Da imperfeição, onde Greimas discute o Acontecimento Estésico. Em seguida, proporemos algumas formas distintas de discretizar e sistematizar o discurso musical, debatendo algumas das tomadas de posição entre os semioticistas da Música. Vencidas tais etapas, aplicaremos aos parâmetros das Alturas, Intervalos Simultâneos e Timbre, alguns conceitos extraídos, sobretudo, da Semiótica Tensiva, conforme as propostas de Claude Zilberberg. Finalmente, por meio da análise de dois importantes movimentos na história do Jazz, o Swing e o Bebop, traremos algumas formulações sobre o conceito de Cena Enunciativa e sua implicação na construção do sentido do discurso musical. / The researcher who opts for the French Semiotics to develop their academic project casts his anchor in the study of the human language and finds the theoretical framework inaugurated by Saussure in the Curso de Linguística Geral (Saussure, 1997). From this theoretical basis, we discuss the relevance of the principles of the Semiotic Theory, also called greimasien, in the analysis of musical discourse. At first, we present a model of aesthetic apprehension of the object based on elements from the work Da Imperfeição, when Greimas discusses the Event Aesthesic. Then, we propose some different ways to discretize and systematize the musical discourse, debating some of the positions among music semioticians. After these steps, we will apply to the parameters of Heights, Simultaneous Intervals and Timbre, some concepts extracted especially from Tensive Semiotics, according to Claude Zilberberg proposals. Finally, by means of the analysis of two important movements in the history of Jazz, Swing and Bebop, we will bring some of the formulations on the concept of Enunciative Scene and its implication in the senses construction of musical discourse.

Esse trabalho pretende lidar com aspectos da relação entre a obra do escritor Franz Kafka (1883-1924) e a história. Parto da hipótese de que essa relação complexa é melhor observada a partir da exposição de deficiências históricas na elaboração de sentido do que a partir da exposição objetiva de processos sociais. Essa exposição da deficiência de sentido constitui uma literatura peculiar na qual convivem impossibilidade e narração, sem prejuízo, no entanto, da configuração de uma modalidade específica de realismo, atestada pela coexistência singularmente harmoniosa de situações transfiguradas e cotidiano. As articulações desenvolvidas concentram-se mais detalhadamente nas narrativas presentes no volume Um Médico Rural (Ein Landarzt). / This article aims to review some aspects of the relationship between the work of the writer Franz Kafka (1883-1924) and history. It draws on the idea that this complex relationship can be better understood by examining the construction of sense and its historical deficiencies, rather than through an objective description of social processes. The unique form of literature that results from the expression of these deficiencies combines impossibility and narrative, but that does not hinder the configuration of a specific modality of realism, characterized by the peculiarly harmonious coexistence of transfigured situations and everyday life. The arguments presented here focus mainly on the narrative of A Country Doctor (Ein Landarzt).

abstract: Virtual digital assistants are automated software systems which assist humans by understanding natural languages such as English, either in voice or textual form. In recent times, a lot of digital applications have shifted towards providing a user experience using natural language interface. The change is brought up by the degree of ease with which the virtual digital assistants such as Google Assistant and Amazon Alexa can be integrated into your application. These assistants make use of a Natural Language Understanding (NLU) system which acts as an interface to translate unstructured natural language data into a structured form. Such an NLU system uses an intent finding algorithm which gives a high-level idea or meaning of a user query, termed as intent classification. The intent classification step identifies the action(s) that a user wants the assistant to perform. The intent classification step is followed by an entity recognition step in which the entities in the utterance are identified on which the intended action is performed. This step can be viewed as a sequence labeling task which maps an input word sequence into a corresponding sequence of slot labels. This step is also termed as slot filling. In this thesis, we improve the intent classification and slot filling in the virtual voice agents by automatic data augmentation. Spoken Language Understanding systems face the issue of data sparsity. The reason behind this is that it is hard for a human-created training sample to represent all the patterns in the language. Due to the lack of relevant data, deep learning methods are unable to generalize the Spoken Language Understanding model. This thesis expounds a way to overcome the issue of data sparsity in deep learning approaches on Spoken Language Understanding tasks. Here we have described the limitations in the current intent classifiers and how the proposed algorithm uses existing knowledge bases to overcome those limitations. The method helps in creating a more robust intent classifier and slot filling system. / Dissertation/Thesis / Masters Thesis Computer Science 2018

O presente estudo tem como propósito analisar, na obra freudiana, como a fantasia encontra-se na encruzilhada entre o que o ser humano possui de mais essencial e universal, e o que deste nos aparece de modo particularizado. Para demonstrar esta tese, buscamos expor, primeiramente, a concepção de fantasia e a sua relação com os termos interpretação (Deutung), sentido (Sinn) e jogo (Spiel). Em seguida, mostramos que a fantasia não é apenas um universo à parte, cuja existência está subtraída do exame de realidade, mas a condição de possibilidade da verdade e da efetividade do mundo. Na sequência do texto, traçamos uma analogia entre as criações fantásticas das crianças, dos enfermos e dos poetas, para em seguida mostrar como estas evidenciam a relação simbólica estabelecida entre o que há de comum e de particular nos homens. Em nosso último capítulo, analisamos a importância da fantasia na construção do saber científico e como este se revela como arte. / The present study has the purpose of analyzing, in Freud´s work, how fantasy is placed in an intersection between what the human being possess of most essential and universal, and in which it is shown in a particular way. To show this thesis we researched firstly to expose the conception of fantasy and its relation with concepts such as interpretation (Deutung), sense (Sinn) and play (Spiel). Then we show that fantasy is not only a separate universe, which existence relays on the exam of reality, but the condition of the possibility of truth and the effectiveness in the world. In the sequence, we traced an analogy between the fantastic creation of children, sick people and poets, and then demonstrate how those highlight the symbolic relation established between what there is in common and peculiar in people. In our last chapter, we analyzed the importance of fantasy in the building of scientific knowledge and how it is revealed as an art (Kunst).

abstract: This study explores how a teen center within a local police department in California impacts the lives of local Latinx youth. Through a mixed methods approach of surveys, focus groups, and interviews, the study explores Mexican American youth, the most populous Latinx youth in the United States who are uniquely challenged by varying immigration statuses, mental health, and academic barriers. Theoretically, the study draws out intersections unique to the Latinx youth experiences growing up in America and engages in inter-disciplinary debates about inequities in health and education and policing practices. These intersections and debates are addressed through in-depth qualitative analysis of three participant groups: current youth participants of the teen center’s Youth Leadership Council (YLC), alumni of the YLC, and adult decision makers of the program. Pre- and post-surveys and focus groups are conducted with the youth participants over the span of a full year, while they take part in the teen center program, capturing how the teen center directly impacts their academic achievements, feelings of belonging, mental health, and attitudes towards law enforcement, over time. Interviews with alumni and key decision makers of the teen center further reveal broader patters in how the YLC program positively impacts the lives of Latinx youth and the challenges it faces when federal immigration enforcement complicates local policy relations with local communities. / Dissertation/Thesis / Masters Thesis Social Justice and Human Rights 2019

[pt] O presente trabalho aborda os sentidos sob o ponto de vista projetual. Seu principal objetivo é trazer contribuições teóricas e metodológicas à pesquisa na área de Design Emocional para o desenvolvimento de projetos dirigidos aos demais sentidos além da visão. Primeiramente, investiga o design de experiências em espaços físicos, questão atual e crucial das disciplinas projetuais tratadas pelo recente campo da arquitetura de atmosferas, a qual, por sua vez, tem como uma de suas principais estratégias contemplar todos os sentidos humanos. Em seguida, traz considerações sobre a importância de o designer expandir sua atenção para além dos aspectos visuais de seus produtos, apontando alguns motivos pelos quais a visão vem sendo tratada como o sentido hegemônico perante os demais. Discorre sobre e ilustra o papel de cada um de nossos sentidos na percepção do meio construído com base nos ensinamentos do psicólogo James Gibson (1966). Descreve, ainda, três importantes espaços físicos projetados com o propósito de promover experiências a seus visitantes e que, para tanto, se valeram de estratégias com foco em todos os sentidos: o Thermal Baths, o Blur Building e o Museu dos Judeus de Berlim. Por fim, esta pesquisa confirma a importância dos sentidos na expansão das respostas emocionais do usuário ao meio projetado. / [en] This work deals with the senses from the point of view of projects. Its main goal is to bring theoretical and methodological contributions to the research field of Emotional Design for the development of projects directed towards the other senses beyond vision. First, it investigates experience design in physical spaces, a current and crucial question studied by the recent research field of architecture of atmospheres, which in turn has as one of its main strategies to consider all the human senses in its designs. Then, this work brings some thoughts on the importance of the designer to expand his attention beyond the visual aspects of his products, pointing at some of the reasons why vision is held as the hegemonic sense before the others. It broaches on and illustrates the role each one of our senses plays on the perception of the constructed environment, based on the teachings of psychologist James Gibson (1966). It also describes three important constructions which were designed with the intention of promoting experiences for their visitors that have used strategies focused on all the senses: Thermal Baths, Blur Building and the Jewish Museum Berlin. Last, this research confirms the importance of the senses in the expansion of the emotional responses of the user towards the designed environment.

This dissertation sought to answer four research questions in relation to the master narrative of modern parenthood, themes of untellable tales of parenthood, how parents make sense of their identity in light of possessing untellable tales, and mechanisms parents utilize to cope with and make sense of their untellable tales. What emerges from this dissertation is a much needed, in-depth illustration of the multi-faceted, myriad pressures modern parents face. Furthermore, the results of the data analysis show the lengths parents will go to, to try and live up to the expectations placed upon them in modern society. Finally, this dissertation illuminates the (often) creative ways parents embark upon sense-making and coping strategies to continue to work each day to raise the next generation for future success. Through inductive, open-coding, qualitative analysis the findings related to each research question illustrate many varied, and rich themes. The master narrative of modern parenthood was discovered to contain ten separate narrative threads that weave together to create a rich tapestry of how parents are expected to be responsible for Determining the Future Success of the Child. Five of the narrative threads dictate the roles parents are expected to play within their daily parenting: Provider, Protector, Teacher, Biggest Fan, and Enforcer. Additionally, the master narrative of modern parenthood instructs parents to perform each of the roles in with: Unconditional Love, Selflessness, Attention, Enjoyment, and Perfection. When analyzing parent untellable narratives for emergent themes, it became clear the master narrative was closely entwined with what makes tales of parenthood untellable. The themes that emerged within untellable tales of parenthood were that of: Inadequate Provider, Inadequate Protector, Inadequate Teacher, Inadequate Biggest Fan, and Inadequate Enforcer. Furthermore, tales of parenthood can be deemed untellable because they illustrate a parent performing the various roles of parenthood with the opposite of the master narrative performative expectations. As a result, performative themes of untellable tales were found to be: Selfishness, Frustration, Inattention, Too Good, and Unconditional Love. Possessing untellable tales of parenthood did not disable parents from making sense of their parental identity. Instead, untellable tales were utilized by the parent to explore his or her identity and make sense of who he or she was or wished to be as a parent. This identity exploration manifested within four themes of identity sense-making that emerged during data analysis: Identity Under Construction, Identity Unintelligible to Others, Identity Outlier, and Identity Undecided. Within each of these identity sense-making themes, parents worked to accept/reject their untellable tale of parenthood and understand the stability/fluidity of their parental identity. Finally, when seeking to understand how parents cope with and make sense of their untellable tales of parenthood two large themes emerged: Cognitive Strategies and Communicative Strategies. Within the theme of Cognitive Strategies, parents embarked upon Internal Narrative Reflection and Internal Narrative Reframing to internally work through, assess, and understand their untellable tale of parenthood while not risking outsider judgement, or identity defamation. Communicative Strategies parents utilized for coping and sense-making purposes were found to be: Tell the Untellable, Tell a Therapist, Write the Untellable, and Tell and Alternative Tale. Through these Communicative Strategies parents could reap the benefits of sharing their untellable tale (sometimes creatively) to get listener feedback, emotional validation, and support that then helped the parent cope with and make sense of the challenge presented within the untellable tale and/or the challenges of parenting more generally.

Marketers often extend product lines by introducing slight variations of existing products (e.g., there are 53 varieties of Crest toothpaste, 15 varieties of Cheerios). As a result, consumers select from assortments containing relatively similar options. Unfortunately, consumers sometimes fail to differentiate among options, and instead consider the different options as similar and choose. Consequently, prior research shows that selecting from choice sets containing relatively similar options can sometimes lead to negative consequences such as decreased satisfaction. In light of these negative consequences, and given the frequency with which consumers choose from sets of similar options, it becomes important to identify interventions that can be used to optimize option differentiation (i.e., to optimize the perceived difference between two similar options or the perceived variety in an assortment). This dissertation proposes that incidental muscular sensations that consumers encounter while performing regular marketplace activities can serve as one such sensory based intervention. Drawing on theories related to learned associations and classical conditioning, it is proposed that because individuals experience high intensity muscular contractions concurrently with threat/danger, these muscular contractions and the responses they facilitate (i.e., self-protective reflexes) become linked. Through classical conditioning, high (vs. low) intensity incidental muscular sensations eventually activate self-protective reflexes in the absence of any threat or danger. Once activated, self-protective reflexes lead to increased perceptual sensitivity and discriminatory ability, and a sense of unconscious vigilance. Six studies show that the enhanced perceptual sensitivity and unconscious vigilance that result from high (vs. low) intensity muscular sensations optimize option differentiation, and can help to offset the decreased satisfaction that is sometimes associated with choosing from relatively similar options. Theoretical and managerial implications are discussed.