The swedish education system in general and the swedish gymnasium in particular is at the point of a thorough reform of the guidelines in education. One major difference given in the guidelines is that the former core subject of arts education is abandoned in favour of making history a mandatory class. This despite the curriculum outlined in 1994 remains. Through comparativ text analysis of the documents and reports outlining this reform and defining the curriculum as well as the guidelines for the education system this study aims to point out the reasons for this change. Through in depth interviews with teachers, educators and authorities in addition to readings of contemporary research on arts in education the study will depict a larger picture of the scheme of things. Furthermore it revives the question of the necessity of arts in education and whose responsability it is to secure that the students will be able to achieve the goals expressed in the curriculum.

<p><em><em><p>I detta examensarbete har vi undersökt några av byggstenarna i ett skivbolags verksamhet som också utgör grunden för deras inkomster. Resultatet av arbetet blev en påbörjad produktion och marknadsföring av en skiva och en plan för lanseringen av densamma. Genom detta har vi skapat oss en praktisk erfarenhet av arbetslivet i musikbranschen. Arbetet har dessutom genomförts med en för ändamålet låg budget. Vi har även undersökt olika marknadsföringsmöjligheter och intervjuat två yrkesverksamma personer i detta ämne.</p></em><p> </p></em></p>

<p>Denna rapport behandlar en analysmodell som använts för att analysera Half Life 2-seriens level design. Utifrån denna analys av Half Life 2-serien skapades sedan ett verk baserat på de data som samlats in. Verket kallas Project 25. Målet med Project 25 var att skapa en spelupplevelse som level designmässigt är så lik den kommersiella spelserien Half-Life 2 (Valve Corporation, 2004), Half-Life 2 Episode 1 (Valve Corporation, 2006) och Half-Life 2 Episode 2 (Valve Corporation, 2007) att en spelare inte skulle kunna uppleva någon skillnad i kvalité.</p><p>Denna rapport är indelad i tre delmoment. Först gjordes en förundersökning där tempoväxlingen i Half Life 2-serien analyserades, sedan skapades själva verket och slutligen utfördes en kvantitativ enkätundersökning i syfte att försöka verifiera om verket uppfyllt sitt mål eller inte. Vid utförandet av själva verket visade det sig mycket effektivt och kvalitetsförebyggande att använda metoden vid analysen av tempoväxlingen i Half Life 2-serien för att skapa en abstrakt planering av verket innan själva implementationen började. Det visade sig också mycket effektivt att ha en fullt spelbar prototyp efter att en tredjedel av projektet hade slutförts. Att ga en testgrupp med spelare som speltestade projektet med jämna mellanrum och förbättra kvalitén baserat på den kritik som presenterats av speltestarna visade sig även vara mycket lyckat.</p><p>Den kvantitativa undersökningen visade sig inte tillräcklig för att avgöra om verket är level designmässigt likt Half Life 2-serien eller inte, detta på grund av dåligt formulerade frågor, mycket spridda åsikter och för få respondenter. Förslag på en bättre metod presenteras i slutdiskussionen.</p>

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<p>Abstract. Consistent valuation and societal prioritization of risks presupposes comparability among risks, that is, in order to rank risks in order of severity, and allocate risk preventative resources accordingly, we must be able to determine whether one risk is better or worse than another, and by how much. It is often claimed, however, that some risks are not amenable to this kind of comparison because they are<i> incommensurable</i>, which roughly means that they are not comparable with respect to a common cardinal measure (e.g. money). The aim of this thesis is to i) consider what it means to say that two risks are incommensurable, ii) explore if <i>incomparability</i> - comparison failure with respect to a common ordinal scale - ever occurs, and how to model it if it does.</p><p><b>Essay I</b> is a critical examination of the most prominent argument for incomparability, the so-called <i>small improvement argument</i> (SIA). It is argued that the argument fails because it conflates incomparability and a kind of evaluative indeterminacy.</p><p><b>Essay II</b> outlines so-called<i> margin of error principles</i> for comparative value judgements. They are based on the idea that if a proposition concerning the value relation between two value-bearing options is true, but there are sufficiently similar cases in which it is false, it is not available to be known. The usefulness of these principles is demonstrated by utilizing them in an epistemological case against SIA.</p><p><b>Essay III</b> presents a novel account of incomplete preference orderings which acknowledges that incomparability can vary in degrees. This is achieved by means of a probabilistic analysis of preferences.</p>

<p>QC 20110613</p>

Although anti-Semitism is a fact of Arab life, most individuals prefer to describe it as political animosity and religious polemic. This explains why my study has only drawn from works on the subject by Western historians – because no Arab historian has even acknowledged that it exists, let alone written about it. In this study I compare and analyze the different views my sources have on some matters related to the subject of Jew-hatred among Arabs; these are Zionism, the origins of Arab nationalism, the legendary age of tolerance in Al-andalus (Muslim Spain) and the treatment of Jews in the Quran. In most of my sources I find that: For Arabs, Zionism and Jewishness are one and the same thing. The influence of Nazi ideals and prejudices on Arab nationalism and the paranoid attitudes of the region’s leaders effectively stymie any chances of reconciliation between the two peoples.  Historical evidences show that the much-praised racial harmony of Al-andalus has been exaggerated for political purposes. The negative image of Jews in the Quran has been deliberately misinterpreted in order to keep hatred of Jews alive among Arabs today. To see just how effective anti-Semitic indoctrination has been on reasonable, educated people, I sent a simple question to my Arab friends around the world asking them to say what they really think of Jews, hoping to get some candid answers.  But to my great disappointment, not one of them replied.

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