Diploma work is dealing with new building rekreation center for family recreation and catering. The object takes place on a flatland terrain. It is solved like a duplex, without basement and with a terrace on the second floor. The basics is made of concrete C16/20. The vertical support system is designed from blocks POROTHERM 44 Profi and 30 Profi, partitions from blocks POROTHERM 14 Profi and 8 Profi. The ceiling construction will be mounted from concrete ceiling panels SPIROLL. The object will be covered by flat roof.

Aim: The purpose of the study was to find out how clusters can assist small- and medium sized organizations to expand to the international market.    Method: A qualitative approach was used in this study where the primary data was collected with the help of semi structured interviews. The data was collected from a total of ten participants ranging from five different organizations in the region of Gävleborg in Sweden. The analysis was done with the help of concepts identified in the literature as well as new themes that was found in the empirical investigation.     Result & Conclusions: The findings in this research have shown that the clusters combined can help the SMEs to overcome obstacles related to capital, learning, innovation, networking, sales, and strategy. The clusters can also help the SMEs in terms of sustainability. The weakest link is to help the SMEs to gain social capital where the clusters abilities are low. The clusters have their niche competence and collaborate between clusters to help the SMEs in their international journey. We could also find that there are other themes emerging in the empirical findings which is related to the mindset of the SMEs and the limitations the SMEs face may be dependent of this mindset, mainly due to the manager in the organizations.    Suggestions for future research: Future studies can focus on longitudinal research in this area to be able to follow the journey of the SMEs between the clusters but also to be able to capture and compare if the SMEs and cluster are experiencing the same pros and cons of the support system. We also suggest replicate this study in another region of Sweden to see if the results can be generalized or if it is a very local context regarding the help the SMEs can gain as well as to see if the theme of mindset occur.    Contribution of the thesis: The theoretical contribution is that we have extended the knowledge around the support system known as clustering by showing that the weaker areas in the clusters was the ability to help in the barrier of social capital and that cluster can help in a good matter when it comes to capital, creating environments for innovation and organizational strategy. The theoretical contribution also showed that one cluster are not able to help in all the given areas but together the clusters are able to help the SMEs to overcome most of the barriers towards internationalization. Another theoretical contribution is the addition of the new barrier to internationalization that we named as mindset. The managerial contribution is that we have shown what areas clusters can assist the SMEs with and thereby shown that managers need to realize the opportunities that comes when they are a part of a cluster as well as they need to be able to trust in the clusters who have a great knowledge in those areas.

Background: Environmental problems are a worrying phenomenon, and there is a call for action. One way to face these problems lies in sustainable entrepreneurship. There is an increase in sustainability-oriented incubators supporting these sustainable entrepreneurs on their entrepreneurial journey, using various support systems. However, there is little research available about the support systems sustainability-oriented incubators offer, the importance of these support systems, and the influence of entrepreneurial stages. Purpose: With our study, we provide sustainability-oriented incubator managers with insights into the importance of different support systems, the frequency in which they are offered and the role of different entrepreneurial stages. This allows sustainability-oriented incubators to support their tenants better and, therefore, positively influence sustainable entrepreneurship.  Method: A single case study method has been applied by using a mixed-method approach of qualitative semi-structured interviews and a quantitative questionnaire which was filled in prior to the interviews by the participants. In total, nine participants were interviewed, consisting of seven incubator tenants and two incubator managers. Conclusion: This research has found a high level of importance and frequency of business model support and market research support, irrespective of the different entrepreneurial stages. This implies a constant reiteration process from sustainable entrepreneurs, demanding a strong-intervention role from the sustainability-oriented incubator. Furthermore, this research has found the shortcomings in using the effectuation model for analysing entrepreneurial stages and suggests a different application.

Supply planning and traffic flow planning are major activities in the automotive manufacturing environment worldwide. Supply planning directly influences the traffic within a manufacturing plant. The impact of supply planning strategies like Just-in-Time, Just-in-Sequence and Direct Supply on plant traffic is rarely considered, as supply and traffic flow planning are traditionally seen as separate activities. BMW SA and other automotive manufacturers are facing various specific problems relating to supply and traffic flow planning. One of these problems is in selecting the best supplier transportation medium among various alternatives for the supply of each part family, taking into account the effects on plant traffic. Several variables have to be considered during this decision making process, and no concrete decision support tool exists at present to assist during this process. Another specific problem faced by automotive manufacturers today lies in accessing the impact of physical relocation decisions on plant traffic. Several proposed plant layout changes and changes to the location of supplier delivery points exist for BMW Plant 9 in Rosslyn. These proposed changes will imply large relocation expenses, and will inevitably have a major impact on the traffic flow within the plant. The respective impact of these proposed layout changes have to be investigated, analysed and compared. Tools developed during this project will assist automotive manufacturers during the supply planning phase of their logistics planning process. Even though these tools can function independently, their real value is only realised once they are used in conjunction with each other as a Decision Support System (DSS) (see chapter 6: Decision Support Systems). In essence, this DSS consists of a Supply Medium Decision Support Tool (SMDST) and a traffic flow simulation model. The effects of certain decisions considered during the supply planning process (as described inChapter 2: Problem Statement) and the impact of these decisions on plant traffic can now be systematically evaluated (see Figure A): -- Firstly: by means of the SMDST, which provides critical information about the cost implication and number of deliveries required for all possible combinations of part families and delivery vehicles used -- Secondly: the simulation model’s input data file can easily be updated in accordance to the SMDST’s information in preparation of a new simulation experiment -- Thirdly: the traffic flow simulation model can be run. The model will automatically use the updated input data file and create unique results files for the scenario currently under analysis -- Fourthly: the simulation model’s results files can be viewed and compared to those of previous scenarios (See figure A in 00front) All the user requirements as stated in the user requirements specifications (sections 8.2 and 9.2) have been met. Every component of the DSS was developed generically as far as possible, allowing the user to adapt it to other similar manufacturing plants with relative ease. By utilising this DSS, scenarios can be evaluated and compared faster, more efficiently and by means of more quantitative measures than before, considerably reducing uncertainty and risk of planning. Certainly, this system supports automotive manufacturers in their quest towards manufacturing excellence in an ever-increasing internationally competitive and complex environment. / Dissertation (MEng (Industrial Engineering))--University of Pretoria, 2004. / Industrial and Systems Engineering / unrestricted

Er: YAG laser is a new method of preparation that promises gentler and more accurate dental treatment. Its specific characteristics is large absorption of the beam in the water and a small absorption in the tissue without the thermal effect. Therefore the treatment is safer and effectiver. The research has the aim in its theoretical - cognitive part to assess its advantages in comparison with treaditional treatment method - drill. As an essential element will be evaluation of caries lesion in vitro and in vivo. The size of the cavity will be judged on, the shape of developing a smear layer and retention surface in relation to the filling and the . The extracted teeth will be scanned in electronic microscope to assess the formation of contact and non-contact preparation, focusing on the shape and size of the prepared lesion in relation to modern filling materials - low viscosity composites. Extensive research supported by the Ministry of Health (IGA : 9991-4 and 13351-4) that focuses on the the use of various therapeutic methods in the treatment of special needs patients. Dental treatment of a special needs patients is expensive and time-consuming than conventional dental treatment. Therefore, clinical application of theoretical cognitive part will create a electronical support system for the...

Denna fallstudie syftar till att undersöka effekterna av ett intelligent beslutsstöd på beslutsprocessen i en konsultverksamhet. Vi har utvecklat ett intelligent beslutsstöd och sedan undersökt beslutsprocessen vid kompetensmatchning av konsulter och kundförfrågningar. Vår forskningsfråga är således: Hur kan beslutsprocessen vid kompetensmatchning påverkas av ett intelligent beslutsstöd i en konsultverksamhet? Det finns studier som visar effekten av ett vanligt beslutsstöd och beslutsforskaretror att mer utvecklade beslutsstöd har potential. Dock studeras inte denna typ av intelligent beslutsstöd vanligtvis i kombination med beslutsprocessen. Syftet med studien är att bidra till forskningsläget, på grund av bristen på forskning inom detta område. För att undersöka detta fall behövde vi samla in kvalitativa data, som gjordes med semistrukturerade intervjuer och observationer, före och efter införandet av ett intelligent beslutsstöd. När vi analyserade den insamlade datan användes en kvalitativ innehållsanalys för att hitta teman och kategorier, som vi sedan jämförde resultaten före och efter meden teoretisk referensram. Vi fann att det intelligenta beslutsstödet kunde tillgängliggöra informationen i beslutsprocessen som kunde frigöra tid. Utifrån det kunde tiden istället fokusera på utvärdering. Detta ledde till att beslutsprocessen blev mer rationell i tre av fyra steg. Avslutningsvis fann vi att det intelligenta beslutsstödet hjälpte beslutsprocessen att bli mer rationell. / This case study aims to investigate the impact of an intelligent decision support system on the decisionmaking in a consulting firm. We have developed an intelligent decision support system and then investigated the decision-making when competence matching consultants and customer requests. Thus, our research question: How can the decision-making process when competence matching be affected by an intelligent decision support system in a consulting business? Studies shows the effect of an ordinary decision support system, and decision scientists thinks that more evolved decision support system has potential. However, this type of intelligent decision support system is not usually researched in combination with the decision-making process. The purpose of this study is to contribute to the gap of missing research in this area. To investigate this case, we needed to collect qualitative data, which was done with semi structured interviews and observations, before and after the introduction of the intelligent decision support system. When analyzing our data, we used a qualitative content analysis to find themes and categories, which we then compared the before and after results with theoretical input. We found that the intelligent decision support system could enable the information in the decisionmaking process which could make more time available. With that extra time, the focus of the time could shift to evaluation. This led the decision-making process to become more rational in three of four steps. In conclusion we found that the intelligent decision support system helped the decision-making process to become more rational.

Die formelbasierte Ressourcenallokation hat sich in jüngerer Zeit zunehmend als ein Instrument zur leistungsorientierten Steuerung von Hochschulen und ihren untergeordneten Organisationseinheiten etabliert. In diesem Kontext wird in der Literatur eine Vielzahl verschiedener Gestaltungselemente für Allokationsmodelle diskutiert, denen auch in Abhängigkeit der konkreten Anwendungssituation differenzierte Steuerungswirkungen zugeschrieben werden. Belastbare empirische Ergebnisse zu den Steuerungswirkungen liegen bis heute jedoch nur in unzureichendem Maße vor. Gleichzeitig stehen die Entscheidungsträger der allokierenden Institutionen vor der Aufgabe, aus verschiedenen, mit differenzierten Steuerungswirkungen ausgestatteten Formelelementen, wie z.B. Formelindikatoren, Indikatorgewichten und Berechnungsalgorithmen, ein Allokationsmodell zu gestalten, das für die individuelle Entscheidungssituation und die individuellen Zielsetzungen der Entscheidungsträger die bestmögliche Wirkung auf die Zielgrößen entfaltet und damit seiner Steuerungsfunktion gerecht wird. Zur Unterstützung dieser Entscheidungsaufgaben schlägt die vorliegende Arbeit ein simulationsbasiertes Management Support System vor, das den Entscheidungsträger bei der Gestaltung und Bewertung von Allokationsformeln für den Hochschulbereich bedarfsgerecht unterstützt und einen Beitrag für eine auf Effizienz und Effektivität ausgerichtete Hochschulsteuerung leistet. Es wurde ein Lösungskonzept erarbeitet und prototypisch realisiert, das die Simulation mit dem Active-Data-Warehouse-Konzept kombiniert, um den Wirkungsgrad differenziert ausgestalteter Allokationsmodelle auf die Zielgrößen der allokierenden Institution zu analysieren. Ergänzt wurde das Konzept um MIS/EIS- und OLAP-Funktionen, um die gewonnenen Simulationsergebnisse aufzubereiten, zu präsentieren und dadurch den Entscheidungsträger bei der Analyse der Simulationsergebnisse und der Identifikation des wirkungsvollsten Allokationsmodells zu unterstützen.

The diploma thesis is focused on inclusive education in selected elementary school in Central Bohemian region, it`s dedicated to theme of inclusion and existing support system. In theoretical part of the diploma thesis is devoted to inclusive education and describes its progression, also it`s dedicated to legislative documents related to this theme. In practical part, selected elementary school is introduced and securing of inclusive eduacation is described. The aim of diploma thesis is to describe the history and current status of inclusive education in selected school. The aim is also to suggest opportunities for school development in inclusive education. Practical part is realized by document analysis and interviews. In interviews were asked eight teachers from first and second grade, educational consultant, school psychologist and prevention methodologist were asked in interviews. Interviews based questionnare was created for all members of teaching staff, which was also evaluated. KEYWORDS Case study, inclusive education, existing support system

京都大学 / 0048 / 新制・課程博士 / 博士(工学) / 甲第21086号 / 工博第4450号 / 新制||工||1692(附属図書館) / 京都大学大学院工学研究科都市社会工学専攻 / (主査)教授 藤井 聡, 准教授 SCHMOECKER Jan-Dirk, 教授 宇野 伸宏 / 学位規則第4条第1項該当 / Doctor of Philosophy (Engineering) / Kyoto University / DFAM

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