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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
11

Assessment of food security-related projects of the Student Rag Community Service Potchefstroom Campus, North-West University / Pianca Swart

Swart, Pianca January 2015 (has links)
Food security is a global concern, experienced at a household level in South Africa (SA). The country experiences income inequality with a high unemployment rate. Many that are employed live under the international poverty line. The Potchefstroom area in the North-West Province of SA has a high unemployment rate. The Student Rag Community Service (SRCS) is a student driven non-profit organisation (NPO) of the North-West University (NWU) that is actively involved in socio-economic development of communities within this area. Some community programmes attempt to address food security, but it was uncertain which SRCS projects address such programmes. Unsustainable programmes may lead to greater food insecurity. Much funding has been used for SRCS projects and if unsustainable, funds were not optimally utilised. Archived documentation of implemented SRCS projects were not stored in a system that supported easy reference. Programmes were not assessed against clear sustainability indicators (SI), thus the sustainability thereof was uncertain. Thus, the research question was: Which of the SRCS projects addressed food security through their activities and programmes and were these projects sustainable? The study aimed to assess the food security-related SRCS community projects to promote sustainable development. A case study was done to assess this in its real-life content. The mixed methods strategy was used through the three data collection phases. Further, a non-probability sampling method and the triangulation design were used to compare data. Firstly, the available archived documentation (September 2007 until August 2011) was compiled in an electronic database. Data from the most recent term were scrutinised (September 2010 until August 2011) and food security-related projects (21/48) were identified and those with feeding schemes (5/21). These projects mostly address the themes: food and nutrition, hygiene and infrastructure. Secondly, these projects were visited and community project members were interviewed to assess their experiences with the SRCS’s project involvement and their opinions towards sustainability. Lastly, the SRCS project leaders’ (n=20), of the previous term (September 2012 until August 2013), knowledge and understanding of project sustainability were assessed through a group administered questionnaire. Qualitative data were thematically analysed and quantitative data were statistically analysed. Results indicated positive and negative expectations of community project members. Students indicated that community project members always or often participate and have sufficient skills and competences, but this was not indicated by community project members. Exposure or awareness was believed to increase project capacity. Available funds influenced the ownership and participation of community project members. Statistical analysis indicated a relationship between capacity building, empowerment and production of own food sources. Although some community project members and SRCS project leaders were able to define sustainability and agreed upon SI, these were not implemented or measured at projects. Within the study, SI based on the livelihood assets from literature, were used to assess projects. Some activities created dependence without focusing on the development of assets. Study limitations included a language barrier between the SRCS and the community, and the accessibility of project leaders after the ending of the annual SRCS term. The study might improve current and innovative SRCS projects to overcome poverty and promote food security. / M Consumer Sciences, North-West University, Potchefstroom Campus, 2015
12

Assessment of food security-related projects of the Student Rag Community Service Potchefstroom Campus, North-West University / Pianca Swart

Swart, Pianca January 2015 (has links)
Food security is a global concern, experienced at a household level in South Africa (SA). The country experiences income inequality with a high unemployment rate. Many that are employed live under the international poverty line. The Potchefstroom area in the North-West Province of SA has a high unemployment rate. The Student Rag Community Service (SRCS) is a student driven non-profit organisation (NPO) of the North-West University (NWU) that is actively involved in socio-economic development of communities within this area. Some community programmes attempt to address food security, but it was uncertain which SRCS projects address such programmes. Unsustainable programmes may lead to greater food insecurity. Much funding has been used for SRCS projects and if unsustainable, funds were not optimally utilised. Archived documentation of implemented SRCS projects were not stored in a system that supported easy reference. Programmes were not assessed against clear sustainability indicators (SI), thus the sustainability thereof was uncertain. Thus, the research question was: Which of the SRCS projects addressed food security through their activities and programmes and were these projects sustainable? The study aimed to assess the food security-related SRCS community projects to promote sustainable development. A case study was done to assess this in its real-life content. The mixed methods strategy was used through the three data collection phases. Further, a non-probability sampling method and the triangulation design were used to compare data. Firstly, the available archived documentation (September 2007 until August 2011) was compiled in an electronic database. Data from the most recent term were scrutinised (September 2010 until August 2011) and food security-related projects (21/48) were identified and those with feeding schemes (5/21). These projects mostly address the themes: food and nutrition, hygiene and infrastructure. Secondly, these projects were visited and community project members were interviewed to assess their experiences with the SRCS’s project involvement and their opinions towards sustainability. Lastly, the SRCS project leaders’ (n=20), of the previous term (September 2012 until August 2013), knowledge and understanding of project sustainability were assessed through a group administered questionnaire. Qualitative data were thematically analysed and quantitative data were statistically analysed. Results indicated positive and negative expectations of community project members. Students indicated that community project members always or often participate and have sufficient skills and competences, but this was not indicated by community project members. Exposure or awareness was believed to increase project capacity. Available funds influenced the ownership and participation of community project members. Statistical analysis indicated a relationship between capacity building, empowerment and production of own food sources. Although some community project members and SRCS project leaders were able to define sustainability and agreed upon SI, these were not implemented or measured at projects. Within the study, SI based on the livelihood assets from literature, were used to assess projects. Some activities created dependence without focusing on the development of assets. Study limitations included a language barrier between the SRCS and the community, and the accessibility of project leaders after the ending of the annual SRCS term. The study might improve current and innovative SRCS projects to overcome poverty and promote food security. / M Consumer Sciences, North-West University, Potchefstroom Campus, 2015
13

Hur företag redovisar hållbarhetsinformation från sina underleverantörer : En studie på svenska börsnoterade företag

Ahlm, Matilda, Eriksson, Sabina January 2016 (has links)
Frågor om miljö, mänskliga rättigheter, sociala förhållanden och motverkande av korruption får en allt större plats i diskussioner gällande företag. På grund av detta är det numera inte tillräckligt för företagen att endast tänka på konsekvenserna av deras egna handlingar, eller deras direkta leverantörer, utan företagen måste även ta hänsyn till alla andra företag i deras leverantörskedja. Utifrån detta har studiens syfte tagits fram, vilket är att analysera hur företag redovisar hållbarhetsinformation från sina underleverantörer. Vidare är syftet att undersöka vilka faktorer som kan ha betydelse för vilken och mängden hållbarhetsinformation, från underleverantörer, som redovisas. Dessa faktorer är bransch, som inte tidigare studerats, och storlek, vilket tidigare studerats men i väldigt liten omfattning. Studien har en positivistisk utgångspunkt och en kvantitativ metod där en deduktiv forskningsansats har tillämpats. Studiens empiriska material har samlats in från årsredovisningar och presenteras genom diagram samt tabeller. Analysen har gjorts genom att data ställs mot teorier samt tidigare forskning. Studiens resultat påvisar att de flesta företag som inkluderar hållbarhetsinformation i sin årsredovisning även inkluderar sina underleverantörer. Hos företag som redovisar sina underleverantörer, råder det stor variation på användningen av hållbarhetsindikatorer. Vidare visar resultatet att endast en av de undersökta faktorerna har betydelse på hur företagen redovisar hållbarhetsinformation från sina underleverantörer. Förslag till vidare forskning är inledningsvis att studera varför vissa företag inte redovisar hållbarhetsinformation angående deras underleverantörer. Vidare kan det vara intressant att om några år undersöka om någon praxis upprättats gällande redovisning av hållbarhetsinformation från underleverantörer. / Questions about environment, human rights, social conditions and anti-corruption are a growing area of discussions in business. Because of this, it is not enough for companies to just think about the consequences of their own actions, or their direct suppliers, companies also have to take all the other companies in their supply chain into consideration. Therefore, the aim of this paper is to describe how companies report sustainable information from their suppliers. Further, the purpose is to examine which factors can explain the amount of information from suppliers and which information the companies choose to report. These factors are line of business, which have not been investigated before, and the previous investigated factor size. The paper has a positivistic base and a quantitative method, and a deductive research approach has been applied. The paper’s empirical material are collected by annual reports and presented in charts and tables. The analysis has compared data to theories and previous research. The paper’s results indicate that most companies that include sustainability in their annual report also include their suppliers. There is a wide variation in the use of sustainability indicators for the companies who include their suppliers. Further, the results show that only one of the investigated factors can explain how the companies report sustainability information from their suppliers. Suggestions for future research is to investigate why some companies does not report sustainability information regarding their suppliers. Further, it would be interesting to study this in a few years, to see if any practice has been established regarding the companies reporting of sustainability information from the suppliers.
14

Sustainable Development in egg production : Perceived key challenges farmers face in Germany

Hernandes, Emilie January 2016 (has links)
The subject matter of this paper is a comparative review of egg production systems for theircontribution to sustainable development of egg production in order to assess the perceived challenges of eggfarmers in Germany. The thesis features a case study which presents two farms located in Germany, andimplementing different farming methods. The floor-range farming method and the organic system illustrate thisexample. The methodological approach is based on a three-phase framework, in which significant issuesconcerning sustainable development are presented (Phase 1), the significant issues are translated into sustainableindicators (Phase 2), and the contribution of sustainable indicators to sustainable development is assessed (Phase3). Phase 1 and 2 build on an extensive literature review and farmers consultation. Phase 3 relies on numericalcomparisons. A comparative analysis of the empirical data is based on theories and the developed conceptualframework. Based on the comparison of two specific farms, the results of this work indicate that the organicfarming system reveals the least negative contribution to sustainable development of egg production in Germany.The floor-range farming system shows a slightly more negative contribution to sustainable developmentcompared with the organic EPS. The organic farming system, therefore, is considered the better animal-friendlysystem. It is certainly noteworthy to mention that the organic system however fail to contribute to sustainabledevelopment from an economic perspective. Thus, the main perceived challenge for the organic farmer is tooperate his organic business in a more profitable way. The floor-range system on the other hand, succeeds tocontribute to sustainable development in economic terms, but fails to contribute positively from an ecologicaland social perspective. Therefore, the farmer operating the floor-range EPS needs to improve the ecological aswell as social conditions on his farm in order to achieve an equal positive contribution to sustainabledevelopment.
15

Influência da relação com os stakeholders na presença de indicadores de sustentabilidade: estudos de casos no setor de mineração do Brasil / Influence of relationship with stakeholders on presence of sustainability indicators: case studies in the Brazilian mining sector

Castro, Paulo Henrique de 29 January 2019 (has links)
Este trabalho teve como objetivo geral: entender como as priorizações dadas aosstakeholders e o engajamento com mesmos podem refletir na presença de indicadores de sustentabilidade das organizações mineradoras no Brasil. Os objetivos específicos foram: revelar quem são osstakeholders priorizados e o por quê; e perceber qual a importância tem o engajamento com as partes interessadas na busca pelo desenvolvimento sustentável das mineradoras. Na fundamentação teórica foram abordados os principais conceitos da teoria de stakeholders, desenvolvimento sustentável, modelos e indicadores para mensurar o desenvolvimento sustentável e influenciadores do desempenho socioambiental. Dois estudos de casos foram realizados, tendo como fontes de dados: entrevistas em profundidade, relatórios oficiais, observação direta e a literatura. Os dados foram tratados conforme técnicas de análise de conteúdo e puderam evidenciar a priorização dada às comunidades locais e colaboradores. Todas as fontes de dados apresentaram indícios do tratamento diferenciado desses dois grupos de stakehoders. Os impactos causados às comunidades e colaboradores juntamente com o posicionamento estratégico e a necessidade de legitimidade para operar parecem ser os grandes impulsionadores da priorização apresentada. O engajamento com os grupos de partes interessadas ocorre desde o planejamento inicial das operações até o fechamento da mina. O contato permite o compartilhamento de boas práticas, o que pode contribuir para o desenvolvimento sustentável das mineradoras e grupos envolvidos. As empresas assumem responsabilidades perante os stakeholderse garantem ações que evidenciem os compromissos, inclusive o monitoramento das questões consideradas importantes por grupos salientes. Assim, os indicadores presentes refletem a priorização dada às comunidades e colaboradores bem como o engajamento contínuo com os mesmos. Os resultados podem contribuir com literatura ao apresentar novas formas de priorizar os stakeholders diferentes daquelas já consagradas na teoria. Isso sugere uma discussão da efetividade dos antigos modelos de priorização nos variados tipos de indústrias. Quanto à contribuição gerencial, o setor de mineração poderá encontrar subsídio para melhorar o relacionamento com os stakeholders em busca pelo desenvolvimento sustentável, algo essencial para perenidade desse setor cuja importância é significativa para a economia brasileira / The objective of this study was to understand how the prioritizations given to stakeholders and the engagement with them can reflect the presence of sustainability indicators of mining organizations in Brazil. The specific objectives were: to reveal who are the prioritized stakeholders and why; realize the importance of engagement with stakeholders for the sustainable development of mining companies.Inthe backgroud, the main concepts of stakeholder theory, sustainable development, models and indicators to measure sustainable development and influencers of social and environmental performance were addressed. Two case studies were carried out, having as data-base: interviews, official reports, direct observation and the literature. The data were treated according to content analysis techniques and showed the prioritization given to the local communities and employees. All data sources showed evidence of differential treatment to these two groupsofstakehoders. The impacts caused to communities and employees, the strategic of the companies and the need for legitimacy to operate are the main drivers of the prioritization presented. Engagement with stakeholder groups occurs since the initial planning of operations to the closure of the mine. The contact allows the sharing of good practices, which can contribute to the sustainable development of the mining companies and groups involved. The companies assume responsibilities to the stakeholders and guarantee actions that evidence the commitments, including the measurement of issues considered important by salient groups. Thus, the present indicators reflect the prioritization given to the communities and employees as well as the continuous engagement with them. The results can contribute to literature by presenting new ways of prioritizing stakeholders different from those already established in theory. These are suggests for a discussion about the effectiveness of the established prioritization models in the various types of industries. Regarding the managerial contribution, the mining sector can find support to improve the relationship with the stakeholders for the sustainable development, that is essential for the continuity of this sector which has significant importance for the Brazilianeconomy.
16

Formas de mensurar a sustentabilidade: um estudo sobre os novos indicadores / Formas de mensurar a sustentabilidade: um estudo sobre os novos indicadores / Formas de mensurar a sustentabilidade: um estudo sobre os novos indicadores / Formas de mensurar a sustentabilidade: um estudo sobre os novos indicadores

Souza, Adriana Silva de 26 May 2011 (has links)
Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-26T20:48:33Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Adriana Silva de Souza.pdf: 588771 bytes, checksum: f5afcb0dd11fea5cb3632812df0f43df (MD5) Previous issue date: 2011-05-26 / The reflection on the theme development, along with pressure from society in nature, led the growth in awareness of the environmental problems caused by incompatible standards of living through the process of regeneration of the environment. With that sustainable development has become the main choice for today's socioeconomic development. The finding of fact made researchers were in search of a development model that can guarantee the quality of life of present generations without compromising the ability of future generations to survive and develop. Several tools have been developed in recent years with the aim of measuring the sustainability of economic and social systems. In an attempt to improve knowledge of sustainability indicators in this study evaluated three of the tools most widely used and recognized in the context of sustainability: the Ecological Footprint, the Dashboard of Sustainability, and the Barometer of Sustainability. The three tools were evaluated in order to identify the main elements of these indicators and their theoretical basis. The ultimate goal is to write a comparative analysis and improve understanding of sustainability indicators mentioned so that you can use these tools more clearly and consciously / A reflexão sobre o tema desenvolvimento, juntamente com a pressão exercida pela sociedade na natureza, levou o crescimento da consciência sobre os problemas ambientais gerados por padrões de vida incompatíveis com o processo de regeneração do meio ambiente. Com isso o desenvolvimento sustentável tornou-se a principal opção de desenvolvimento socioeconômico da atualidade. A constatação deste fato fez com pesquisadores fossem em busca de um modelo de desenvolvimento que possa garantir a qualidade de vida das gerações atuais sem comprometer a capacidade de gerações futuras de sobreviverem e desenvolverem-se. Várias ferramentas foram elaboradas nos últimos anos com o objetivo de mensurar a sustentabilidade de sistemas econômicos e sociais. Na tentativa de melhorar o conhecimento sobre os indicadores de sustentabilidade o presente estudo avaliou três das ferramentas mais usadas e reconhecidas no âmbito da sustentabilidade: o Ecological Footprint, o Dashboard of Sustainability, e o Barometer of Sustainability. As três ferramentas foram analisadas para que se identificassem os principais elementos formadores destes indicadores e seu embasamento teórico. O objetivo final do trabalho é fazer uma análise comparativa e melhorar o conhecimento dos indicadores de sustentabilidade mencionados para que seja possível utilizar essas ferramentas de forma mais adequada e consciente
17

ANÁLISE DA SITUAÇÃO DOS RESÍDUOS SÓLIDOS URBANOS NO MUNICÍPIO DE IMPERATRIZ-MA.

Leite, Cristina Limeira 16 March 2015 (has links)
Made available in DSpace on 2016-08-10T10:54:42Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 CRISTINA LIMEIRA LEITE.pdf: 2157326 bytes, checksum: 3b9c82718513d79354d17f9e93a4fe87 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015-03-16 / The city of Imperatriz-MA, is among the municipalities that do not contain adequate infrastructure in waste disposal, the waste disposal uncontrolled is 10 km from the city center, it receives all waste produced by the city, and bring to the local population several problems, such as environmental and health. The aim of this study is to characterize the situation of municipal solid waste in Imperatriz-MA county through Sustainability Indicators (IS) in order to support the development of a municipal solid waste management (MSW) program that promotes life quality improvement and sustainable development. For the data collection, a field research was carried out in the period of January to July of 2014, the research was developed through interviews with municipal managers, based in the questionnaires and sustainability indicators (IS) proposed By Milanez (2002) once the purpose of these is to evaluate the applicability in different spaces. From the evaluation of IS and observations and characterization of DI, the indicators were subdivided into four themes, to adapt to the four dimensions, namely: social, environmental, economic and institutional. The relative analysis of the sustainability indicators (IS) developed by Milanez (2002) is based on the use of 12 sustainability indicators (IS) but it was chosen to include 4 more issues in order to improve the compreension of the municipality s situation studied. Regarding to the sustainability of the Municipality based on 16 indicators, where 10 of them tended as Very Unfavorable to sustainability and only 04 of them were evaluated favorably, characterizing the municipality as unsustainable. Then the comparative study was conducted between the cities of Imperatriz, MA, and São Carlos, SP, so, it was possible to contemplate the specific objectives: Identify the procedures and actions of the municipality as the MSW; Establish from Sustainability Indicators of the municipality, with reference to the situation of MSW; Check the potential impacts to the environment resulting from the disposal of MSW in the city; Check the potential health impacts; Provide input to the preparation of a management plan to the municipal solid waste. / A cidade de Imperatriz MA encontra-se entre os municípios brasileiros que não contém infraestrutura adequada na disposição dos resíduos, o depósito de resíduos não controlados fica a 10 km do centro urbano, recebe todos os resíduos produzidos pela cidade, podendo trazer à população diversos problemas, como ambiental e de saúde. O objetivo deste trabalho consiste Caracterizar a situação dos resíduos sólidos urbanos no município de Imperatriz-MA por meio de Indicadores de Sustentabilidade (IS) visando subsidiar a elaboração de um programa de Gestão de Resíduos Sólidos Urbanos (RSU) que promova a melhoria de qualidade de vida e o desenvolvimento sustentável. Para o levantamento dos dados, foi realizada uma pesquisa de campo no período de janeiro a julho de 2014, a pesquisa desenvolveuse por meio de entrevista com gestores municipais, tendo-se como base os questionários e os indicadores de sustentabilidade (IS) propostos por Milanez (2002) uma vez que a finalidade destes é avaliar a aplicabilidade em diferentes espaços. A partir da avaliação dos IS e das observações e caracterização do DI, os indicadores foram subdivididos em quatro eixos temáticos, para a adequação às quatro dimensões, a saber: social, ambiental, econômica e institucional. A análise relativa aos indicadores de sustentabilidade (IS) desenvolvida por Milanez (2002) se baseia na utilização de 12 indicadores de sustentabilidade (IS) porém optou-se por incluir mais 4 indicadores para melhor compreensão da situação do município. No que se refere à sustentabilidade do Município com base nos 16 indicadores, onde 10 apresentaram tendência Muito Desfavorável à sustentabilidade e apenas 04 foram avaliados favoravelmente, caracterizando o município como insustentável. A seguir foi realizado um estudo comparativo entre as Cidades de Imperatriz,MA e São Carlos,SP e assim, foi possível comtemplar os objetivos específicos que foram eles: Identificar os procedimentos e as ações do município quanto aos RSU; Estabelecer a partir de Indicadores de Sustentabilidade a situação do município, com relação à situação dos RSU; Verificar os potenciais impactos ao ambiente resultantes da deposição dos RSU no município; Verificar os potencias impactos à saúde e assim fornecer subsídios à elaboração de um plano de gerenciamento dos resíduos sólidos urbanos.
18

Indicadores de sustentabilidade urbana: aplicação ao conjunto habitacional \"Parque Residencial Manaus/AM / Urban sustainability indicators: application to public housing \'Parque Residencial Manaus/AM\'

Guilhon, Vanessa Valdez 28 January 2011 (has links)
Esta pesquisa propõe a aplicação de indicadores de sustentabilidade urbana em um conjunto habitacional, na cidade de Manaus/AM, a partir de princípios de desenvolvimento sustentável investigados em experiências bem sucedidas na Europa e no Brasil. Os exemplos pesquisados, denominados bairros sustentáveis, são iniciativas urbanísticas comprometidas com os indicadores de desenvolvimento sustentável que propõem um novo modelo de ocupação urbana. Este modelo prioriza o uso racional de recursos naturais, a utilização de materiais ecológicos, de fontes renováveis de energia, o controle de resíduos, a reutilização da água das chuvas, incentivos para o \'não uso de carros\' promovendo o pedestre, o ciclista e o transporte público com impactos na melhoria na qualidade de vida de seus moradores. Para tanto, a metodologia pauta-se em um corpus teórico das idéias que tem sido discutidas sobre a sustentabilidade em proposições que se apresentam com distintas adjetivações como: \"Desenvolvimento Sustentável\", \"Ecodesenvolvimento\", \"Sociedades Sustentáveis\", \"Comunidades Sustentáveis\", termos estes, abordados nos Acordos/Encontros Internacionais, configurando-se como um panorama histórico da questão ambiental e a cidade. Segue-se com as definições de indicadores, índices e princípios de sustentabilidade urbana e aescolha de cinco experiências apoiadas pelos critérios de representatividade do diferencial entre elas, pelo pioneirismo, pelo reconhecimento nos meios especializados e pelo potencial de difusão. Considerou-se também importante, a inclusão de experiências internacionais que se destacassem por seu grau de inovação, estruturação e consolidação. Esta soma de saberes específicos contribuiu para a formulação de um quadro-síntese dos indicadores de sustentabilidade urbana aplicáveis ao conjunto habitacional \'Parque Residencial Manaus\'. / This research proposes the application of urban sustainability indicators in a public housing in the city of Manaus, Amazonas, since the principles of sustainable development investigated in successful experiences in Europe and Brazil. The examples studied, called sustainable neighborhoods, are urban initiatives are committed to the sustainable development indicators which offer a new model of urban settlement. This model emphasizes the rational use of natural resources, the use of green materials, renewable sources of energy, waste control, reuse of rainwater, incentives for the \'non-use of cars\' promoting the pedestrian, the cyclist and public transportation to improve the quality of life for its residents. For this, the methodology is guided in a corpus of theoretical ideas that have been discussed on the sustainability of propositions that are presented with different adjectives such as \"Sustainable Development\", \"Ecodevelopment\", \"Sustainable Societies\", \"Sustainable Communities\", terms discussed in the Agreements / International Meetings, configuring it as a historical overview of environmental issues and the city. Then, it presents the definitions of indicators, indices and principles of urban sustainability and the choice of five experiments that were chosen using the representativeness criteria of the differential between them, the pioneering, recognition in specialist circles and the diffusion potential. It was also important to include international experiences that stood out for their musical innovation, restructuring and consolidation. This sum of specific knowledge contributed to formulate of a summary table of urban sustainability indicators that were applied to the public housing \'Parque Residencial Manaus\'.
19

Indicadores de sustentabilidade:uma sequÃncia metodolÃgica para a mensuraÃÃo do progresso ao desenvolvimento sustentÃvel / Sustainability indicators: a methodologiacalproposalfor measuring from progress to sustainable development

Laudemira Silva Rabelo 01 February 2007 (has links)
CoordenaÃÃo de AperfeiÃoamento de Pessoal de NÃvel Superior / O desenvolvimento sustentÃvel (DS) tem sido amplamente debatido por governos e sociedade civil nos paÃses industrializados e em desenvolvimento. A matÃria engloba questÃes complexas que devem ser tratadas de forma multidisciplinar, dado que os estudos, o planejamento e as aÃÃes devem acontecer em um contexto abrangente e sistÃmico. Este trabalho tem como finalidade propor uma metodologia que verifique o processo de qualquer projeto rumo ao desenvolvimento sustentÃvel, possibilitando assim conhecer os seus limites, por meio do cÃlculo de seu Ãndice e grau de sustentabilidade obtidos por quatro escopos â indicadores ambientais, sociais, econÃmicos e institucionais. A pesquisa foi bibliogrÃfica utilizando-se do mÃtodo sistÃmico. Para se conhecer a efetividade da proposta houve a aplicaÃÃo no projeto Cultivo de Algas Vermelhas, no distrito de Flecheiras, litoral oeste do Estado do CearÃ. A problemÃtica ambiental, embora seja comum a toda humanidade, existem diferentes maneiras de se vivenciar as relaÃÃes sociedade-natureza, por comportar diferentes grupos sociais e para cada grupo as questÃes temporal e espacial serem Ãnicas. EntÃo, o grande desafio do DS Ã como conseguir suficiÃncia, seguranÃa e vida boa para todos (desenvolvimento) dentro de regras e limites do ambiente biofÃsico (sustentabilidade). Nesse sentido, a efetividade do DS precisa estar pautada dentro dos seus prÃprios limites e os indicadores, como forma de avaliaÃÃo, podem identificar o grau de sustentabilidade a que se propÃe chegar e possibilitar um melhor conhecimento da relaÃÃo sociedade-natureza de hoje, e melhores aÃÃes para o amanhÃ. / Sustainable Development (SD) has been widely debated by government and civil society in industrialized and developing countries. The matter gathers complex question that must be treated in a multidisciplinar way, given that the studies, the plans and the actions should happen in a wide and systemic context. This thesis aims to propose a methodology that verifies the process of any project towards sustainable development, making possible to discover its limits by means of calculating its rate and degree of sustainability obtained by four scopes - environmental, social, economical and institutional indicators. The research was bibliographical, using the systemic method. To get to know the effectiveness of the proposal, there was an application in the project âCultivation of Red Algaeâ, in the city of Flecheiras, western coast of the state of CearÃ. Environmental problems, though common to all mankind, are experienced in different society-nature relationships, as different social groups are involved and temporal and spatial matters are unique for each group. So, the biggest challenge for SD is how to get sufficiency, security and good life for everyone (development) within rules and limits of the biophysical environment (sustainability). In this sense, the effectiveness of the SD needs to be put into its own limits and the indicators, as evaluation means, may identify the degree of sustainability which we aim and make possible a better knowledge of the society-nature relationship nowadays, and better actions for tomorrow.
20

Indicadores de sustentabilidade urbana: aplicação ao conjunto habitacional \"Parque Residencial Manaus/AM / Urban sustainability indicators: application to public housing \'Parque Residencial Manaus/AM\'

Vanessa Valdez Guilhon 28 January 2011 (has links)
Esta pesquisa propõe a aplicação de indicadores de sustentabilidade urbana em um conjunto habitacional, na cidade de Manaus/AM, a partir de princípios de desenvolvimento sustentável investigados em experiências bem sucedidas na Europa e no Brasil. Os exemplos pesquisados, denominados bairros sustentáveis, são iniciativas urbanísticas comprometidas com os indicadores de desenvolvimento sustentável que propõem um novo modelo de ocupação urbana. Este modelo prioriza o uso racional de recursos naturais, a utilização de materiais ecológicos, de fontes renováveis de energia, o controle de resíduos, a reutilização da água das chuvas, incentivos para o \'não uso de carros\' promovendo o pedestre, o ciclista e o transporte público com impactos na melhoria na qualidade de vida de seus moradores. Para tanto, a metodologia pauta-se em um corpus teórico das idéias que tem sido discutidas sobre a sustentabilidade em proposições que se apresentam com distintas adjetivações como: \"Desenvolvimento Sustentável\", \"Ecodesenvolvimento\", \"Sociedades Sustentáveis\", \"Comunidades Sustentáveis\", termos estes, abordados nos Acordos/Encontros Internacionais, configurando-se como um panorama histórico da questão ambiental e a cidade. Segue-se com as definições de indicadores, índices e princípios de sustentabilidade urbana e aescolha de cinco experiências apoiadas pelos critérios de representatividade do diferencial entre elas, pelo pioneirismo, pelo reconhecimento nos meios especializados e pelo potencial de difusão. Considerou-se também importante, a inclusão de experiências internacionais que se destacassem por seu grau de inovação, estruturação e consolidação. Esta soma de saberes específicos contribuiu para a formulação de um quadro-síntese dos indicadores de sustentabilidade urbana aplicáveis ao conjunto habitacional \'Parque Residencial Manaus\'. / This research proposes the application of urban sustainability indicators in a public housing in the city of Manaus, Amazonas, since the principles of sustainable development investigated in successful experiences in Europe and Brazil. The examples studied, called sustainable neighborhoods, are urban initiatives are committed to the sustainable development indicators which offer a new model of urban settlement. This model emphasizes the rational use of natural resources, the use of green materials, renewable sources of energy, waste control, reuse of rainwater, incentives for the \'non-use of cars\' promoting the pedestrian, the cyclist and public transportation to improve the quality of life for its residents. For this, the methodology is guided in a corpus of theoretical ideas that have been discussed on the sustainability of propositions that are presented with different adjectives such as \"Sustainable Development\", \"Ecodevelopment\", \"Sustainable Societies\", \"Sustainable Communities\", terms discussed in the Agreements / International Meetings, configuring it as a historical overview of environmental issues and the city. Then, it presents the definitions of indicators, indices and principles of urban sustainability and the choice of five experiments that were chosen using the representativeness criteria of the differential between them, the pioneering, recognition in specialist circles and the diffusion potential. It was also important to include international experiences that stood out for their musical innovation, restructuring and consolidation. This sum of specific knowledge contributed to formulate of a summary table of urban sustainability indicators that were applied to the public housing \'Parque Residencial Manaus\'.

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