The main objective of the thesis is to study the forces that built up the morphology of the old city of Sulaimaniyah and the reasons of its existence. It focuses on the morphological elements of property (ownership elements of streets, blocks and parcels) and their existence in spite of the impacts of modernism in the transformation of these elements. Modernity in Sulaimaniyah city affected the city in terms of the transformation of traditional life pattern and traditional structure into modern function. Modern function covers a new administrative system and new commercial functions. The city adapted itself to these new institutions. As a consequence, the power of state displayed itself in the form of building roads, and then the new larger and regular parcels were created to adapt new functions. Furthermore, the study aims to establish the historical evolution of the city starting from its foundation and the periods, which are signified by the introduction of modernism concepts. This study is analyzed through a morphological research depending on the physical elements as quantitative characteristics. It starts with an evolutionary plan analysis, which is a tool of morphological study and covers the old part of the city in macro scale, mezzo scale, and consequently, micro scale. The old fabric of Sulaimaniyah city as organic fabric faced the modernism&#039 / s impact gradually due to the construction of streets. In spite of this fact, preserving old fabric&#039 / s morphology behind the power of ownership pattern is still surviving. In this thesis, typology is another research method, which is used to analyze the evolution of the building fabric of the city in both functional and formal configuration. In addition, a comparison of traditional and modern building types in the old city shows that there are similarities between these types, which suggest that these types are part of the old fabric of the city and they define the morphology of the old city. The study concluded that the morphology of the old city is the product of property in two dimensions (ownership parcels), and the building types on them.

Thesis (D. Min.)--Denver Conservative Baptist Seminary, 1998. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 152-159).

This report investigates the causativization patterns of verbs of eating and drinking from a typological perspective, arguing that ingestive verbs may be grouped together with middle verbs with respect to causativization. It is argued that both ingestive verbs and middle verbs are lexically reflexive and, in some languages, their causative variants are derived from their non-causative variants by an antireflexivization operation that delinks the verbs' coidentified arguments. Evidence from English and Marathi shows that such an operation is plausible as a causativization strategy on both semantic and morphological grounds. / text

Fort Walton, the local variant of Mississippian culture in northwest Florida, has long been studied in the Apalachicola River Valley beginning in the early 1900s, most notably by Clarence B. Moore (though he did not call it Fort Walton), and has continued to intrigue archaeologists and collectors alike. Gordon Willey and Richard Woodbury were the first to create a ceramic chronology for the Florida Gulf Coast. Willey continued this work, resulting in the publication of Archeology of the Florida Gulf Coast, an impressive compilation of information on prehistoric cultures, sites, and their ceramic technologies and typologies. This book has continued to be most widely accepted reference for Fort Walton ceramics. This thesis builds on knowledge of ceramic seriations for the Apalachicola River Valley, working toward a more accurate chronology. Two sources of data are utilized in this study. Each comes from the Curlee Site (8Ja7), in Jackson County, Florida, just south of the Jim Woodruff Dam near the top of the Apalachicola River. The first, the Leon Perry Collection, is an unprovenienced collection donated to the University of South Florida. The second, the Cleveland Museum of Natural History Collection, consists of excavated data and materials collected in the late 1970s. Over 10,000 sherds were documented in the Leon Perry Collection. Type, weight, vessel shape, temper, and decorative attributes of each sherd were recorded. The type Fort Walton Incised in this collection revealed several variations of scroll designs increasingly varied through time. Commonalities were found between Lake Jackson Plain and Lake Jackson Incised types. These two should should be consolidated into one ceramic type. Ceramics from the Cleveland Museum of Natural History collection were reexamined by White and Yuellig in the spring of 2006 with consideration toward patterns found in Fort Walton Incised and Lake Jackson types in the Leon Perry Collection. Trends in the stratigraphic distribution of these patterns were documented in order to test whether they could result in better temporal control. This research serves as a case study in how knowledge gained from an unprovenienced collection can shed new light on archaeological data with temporal control.

Iquito, a highly endangered Zaparoan language of the Peruvian Amazon, exhibits a typologically unusual word order alternation that marks the grammatical category of reality status (i.e. the distinction between realized (realis) and unrealized or hypothetical (irrealis) events). This alternation is the only reliable marker of the category; Iquito does not employ morphology to mark the realis/irrealis distinction. While the word order of Iquito realis constructions is reliably SVO, the word order of irrealis constructions does not fall into one of the canonical orders. It is characterized by an element (X) intervening between the subject and the verb, resulting in the order SXV. In this dissertation, I provide a detailed description and analysis of the realis/irrealis word order alternation. Using data from both elicitation and texts that I collected while in the field, I describe the types of elements that occur in the preverbal position of the irrealis construction, determine what unifies these elements, and establish which element of the sentence will occur in this position and what conditions this choice. Relying on the available data for the other languages in the family, I examine the expression of reality status in these languages and discuss how reality status comes to be associated with word order. I also provide a survey of other languages exhibiting similar word order alternations and discuss how they compare to the alternation we see in Iquito, concluding that Iquito is an example of an “ideal” word order alternation because word order is the sole indicator of the grammatical category with which it is associated. / text

Η ανάγκη για υιοθέτηση της διεπιστημονικότητας αναγνωρίζεται από Διεθνείς Οργανισμούς, φορείς χρηματοδότησης, πανεπιστήμια και ερευνητικές μονάδες, ώστε να αντιμετωπιστούν τα πολύπλοκα κοινωνικά προβλήματα, τα οποία δεν είναι δυνατόν να επιλυθούν από μια μόνο επιστήμη. Η διεπιστημονικότητα αξιοποιεί τις διαφορετικές οπτικές και πρακτικές που κάθε επιστήμη προσφέρει, με σκοπό να επιτευχθούν καινοτόμες λύσεις για τα προβλήματα που απασχολούν την κοινωνία. Η παρούσα διδακτορική διατριβή εξετάζει τις διεπιστημονικές πρακτικές σε μεταπτυχιακό επίπεδο στα Ελληνικά Πανεπιστήμια. Η διεπιστημονικότητα θεωρείται ότι βασίζεται σε έναν «επιστημολογικό πλουραλισμό» ο οποίος νομιμοποιεί και άλλους τρόπους παραγωγής γνώσης. Η ανάλυση δείχνει ότι δεν υπάρχει ένας «χρυσός» κανόνας για μια επιτυχημένη εφαρμογή της διεπιστημονικότητας. Αντίθετα, υπάρχει μια ποικιλία «στιλ» εφαρμογής της. Η έρευνα κατέληξε σε μια τυπολογία της διεπιστημονικότητας στα Ελληνικά Πανεπιστήμια: μεθοδική, θεωρητική, εργαστηριακή και χαρισματική. Οι διαφορές μεταξύ τους εξαρτώνται από τις οργανωσιακές και γνωστικές συνθήκες της έρευνας. Αυτοί, ωστόσο, οι δύο παράγοντες δεν είναι ισοβαρείς, στο βαθμό που ο οργανωσιακός παράγοντας αναδεικνύεται πιο αδύναμος, καθώς οι αποφάσεις που λαμβάνονται σε θεσμικό επίπεδο, φιλτράρονται από το ακαδημαϊκό προσωπικό με αποτέλεσμα να επηρεάζεται η εφαρμογή της διεπιστημονικότητας. / There is a growing recognition of the need by International Organizations, funding agencies, universities and research units for interdisciplinary research to tackle complex societal problems that cannot be adequately addressed by single discipline alone. Interdisciplinarity capitalizes on a diversity of perspectives and practices that each discipline offers, in hopes of providing innovative solutions to multifaceted problems. The present thesis examines the practices of interdisciplinary research at post graduate level in Greek Universities. We took as point of departure that interdisciplinarity is based on an “epistemological pluralism” that legitimizes and deploys other ways of knowing. The analysis shows that there is no singular recipe for the successful implementation of interdisciplinarity. Instead, there is a multiplicity of adequate “styles” of interdisciplinarity. We arrived at a typology of interdisciplinarity in Greek Universities: methodical, charismatic, theoretical and laboratory. The differences between them depend upon the organizational and epistemic conditions of research practices. These two factors, however, are not equivalent, as the organizational one seems to be weak, because decisions which are made at institutional level, are filtered by the academic staff, thereby affecting the implementation of interdisciplinarity

The primary goal of this dissertation is to present an outline of the culture history of the site of La Milpa and its immediate sustaining area through the elaboration and elucidation of a ceramic chronology and typology. However, an equally important aspect of this dissertation is a thorough critique of the type-variety/mode (T-V) system of classification upon which Maya ceramic analysis has been based over the last forty years. The analysis presented here was completed using a relational database (Microsoft Access). By using this database program, it became clear that it is necessary to rethink the basis and use of the type-variety system and how (or whether) it can be adapted as a tool for use in database driven analysis.

Background Electronic commerce (EC) has become popular due to the increasing demand of efficiency in shopping. The reason for this trend is the changes in technology and socio-demography. E-grocery, therefore, appears to be a fresh and attractive business concept that creates customer value for companies trading in supermarket industry. Handla24 of ICA Bankeryd is known as one of the foremost ICA retailers that generates e-grocery in Sweden. Starting in 2009, the service supplier went from zero customer to its current position of approximately 1400 regular customers. However, perceived value and further expectations from their customers have not been thoroughly understood yet. This issue is hindering Handla24 of ICA Bankeryd in expanding their customer group. Also, their ability to give appropriate service levels is potentially restricting further customer growth. With these issues rectified, Hanla24 of ICA Bankeryd could become a stronger player in the market. Purpose The purpose of this thesis is to examine how customer values are created in e-grocery. We identify factors that deliver value to the existing customers and target a potential customer group in Jönköping city for Handla24 of ICA Bankeryd. We also provide recommendations on  how Handla24 of ICA Bankeryd can attract this group. Method This thesis employs a combination of quantitative method and qualitative method. Data are collected through two face-to-face interviews with Handla24 of ICA Bankeryd. Customers in Jönköping are divided into two clusters: the existing customers and potential customers with two separate survey questionnaires for each of the clusters. Conclusion We conclude that e-grocery does create customer value. In the example of Handla24 - ICA Bankeryd, we identify four main factors that deliver value to their existing customers, namely delivery price, product range, convenience shopping and customer services. In order to target the potential customers for Handla24, we also recognize the characteristics that create the demand for e-grocery. The targeted customers are capable of shopping online due to the habit of surfing the Internet. In addtion, they do not like either queuing at the store or carrying groceries home. This group is a female majority. It also includes families having children or having greater than or equal to 3 members. This customer group does not find 99 kr delivery fee of Handla24 - ICA Bankeryd reasonable, but they still have an interest in trying and recommending e-grocery of Handla24 to other people.

This thesis provides an analysis of the history and social context of the labret (lip plug) on the Northwest Coast of British Columbia over the last 5,000 years. Although labrets have typically been characterized as markers of ‘status’ with connotations of gender, the variability in observations made by early explorers and ethnographers suggests that this simplistic depiction belies a complexity in what aspect of social identity this form of personal communicated. Therefore, this research has sought to explore the relationship between labrets and social identity by conducting a comprehensive typological analysis by which to examine patterning in materiality through time and space. Although hindered by a lack of temporal data and contextual information on gender association, the results of this research demonstrate that there is geographical patterning at multiple scales—regional, sub-regional and even on the village or site level—which supports the hypothesis that the labret has been an exclusionary tradition conveying both individual and group social identity that varies through time and space in this region. The social meaning of labrets is further explored through research on contemporary labret use, which highlights a tension between individual expression and group acceptance that is expressed materially, contrasting the physical permanence of the labret and the mutability in social meaning conveyed. Finally, interviews with First Nations artists who include labrets in their art has shown that cultural identity both informs and is informed by a concept of shared heritage; thus, the labret is a symbol and expression of social identity that continues to hold significant meaning for the descendants of this heritage. Therefore, while simple correlations of the labret with ‘status’ and ‘gender’ are not wrong, nonetheless they betray the complexity of body ornamentation which, though manifested materially, is highly contextual. This research contributes to the ongoing anthropological discussion of materiality and identity, considering the ways that structured style is negotiated through practice, and asking whether this recursive, dynamic and dialectical relationship can be accessed archaeologically—a task that ultimately requires a commitment to reflexivity, multivocality, and critical examination of the research process itself.

In the system of functional styles, the publicistic style occupies an intermediate position between subject-specific styles and the belles-lettres style. Presently, it is possible to speak about a separate publicistic style, since its varieties have been fully formed. It has been observed that the issue of analysing publicistic-style varieties is very topical and results from the growing popularity of this style. The typology of the publicistic style has not been widely investigated in works on Lithuanian language stylistics. This style is not divided into clear-cut varieties: more emphasis is placed on its genre differentiation. On the basis of linguistic and non-linguistic factors, the following varieties of the publicistic style (sub-styles) may be distinguished: informational, analytical and the sub-style of expressive information (artistic publicistics). So far, the place of artistic publicistics between the publicistic and other functional styles has not been defined; therefore, description of texts of this sub-style poses problems. The publicistic style is defined by the linguistic characteristics of different levels of language: the length of the sentence, the frequency of different parts of speech in a sentence, etc. The syntactical and morphological structure of this style is also influenced by non-linguistic attributes: the addressant, the addressee, the content of texts, functions of the act of speech, etc. The average length of sentences in publicistic-style... [to full text]