Orientador: Mauricio Ferreira Magalhães / Tese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Engenharia Eletrica e de Computação / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-04T04:09:19Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Guimaraes_ElianeGomes_D.pdf: 1203376 bytes, checksum: 8baa98d5b0b9753d8a292e0c940b5f41 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2004 / Resumo: Esta tese descreve CM-tel, um modelo de componentes para aplicações telemáticas e ubíquas. CM-tel é neutro em termos de tecnologia, sendo especificado por meio da linguagem UML (Unified Modeling Language). Componentes CM-tel são capazes de executar em plataformas destinadas tanto a computadores tradicionais quanto a dispositivos com limitado poder computacional tais como dispositivos móveis. CM-tel define os três tipos de interfaces prescritas pelo Modelo de Referência para Processamento Distribuído Aberto (RM-ODP), as interfaces operacional, de sinal e de fluxo contínuo. Interfaces de fluxo contínuo são fundamentais para o desenvolvimento de aplicações telemáticas. A arquitetura do contêiner CM-tel integra componentes e agentes móveis em um único ambiente computacional. Esta integração permite que aplicações implementem suas funcionalidades combinando componentes e agentes móveis. Esta tese propõe ainda uma arquitetura para plataformas de software que suportam o modelo CM-tel. A arquitetura utiliza XSLT (XML Stylesheet Language Transformation) para transformação de modelos e geração de código. Uma plataforma baseada na tecnologia CORBA (Common Object Request Broker Architecture) e uma aplicação na área de laboratórios virtuais foram implementadas com a finalidade de avaliar o modelo CM-tel / Abstract: This thesis describes CM-tel, a component model for telematic and ubiquitous applications. CMtel is neutral in terms technology and is specified through the Unified Modeling Language (UML). CM-tel components can execute on platforms targeted to both conventional computers and devices with limited computing power such as mobile devices. CM-tel defines the three types of interfaces prescribed by the Reference Model for Open Distributed Processing (RM-ODP), the operational, signal, and stream interfaces. Stream interfaces are central to the development of telematic applications. The CM-tel container architecture integrates both components and mobile agents into a single computing environment. This integration allows applications to implement their functionalities by combining components and mobile agents. This thesis also proposes an architecture for software platforms supportting the CM-tel component model. The architecture relies on XSLT (XML Stylesheet Language Transformation) for model transformation and code generation. A platform based on the CORBA (Common Object Request Broker Architecture) technology and an application in the field of virtual laboratories were implemented in order to assess the CM-tel component model / Doutorado / Engenharia de Computação / Doutor em Engenharia Elétrica

There are many attempts to bridge paper digital gap, new artifacts and tools are being delivered continuously. Many of these artifacts work with paper and cooperate with other artifacts. Despite the fact that these artifacts are good enough to perform their work, they tend to be dull in exchanging data and cooperating with other artifacts. This causes a problem especially when artifact cooperation is essential. In order to solve this we need to have a standard to present the data used in the artifacts and facilitate communication among artifacts. Paper Digital Classes is a new standard that aims at providing a standard implementation of the artifacts in matters of data exchange and interoperability. / Med dagens teknik är det möjligt att skicka till exempel e-post direkt från ett papper utan att röra vid datorn. Genom att använda en särskild digital penna överförs texten man skriver på papper direkt till datorn. Jag har undersökt olika system och verktyg som berör läsning och överföring från papper till digitala dokument. Jag har utifrån min studie tagit fram en standard, PDC, Paper Digital Classes, som låter olika verktyg interagera som om de vore ett. PDC kan komma att få stor betydelse för framtida dokumenthantering. Tekniken underlättar att skicka e-post från ett pappersdokument, redigera pappersdokument och överhuvudtaget all interaktion mellan fysiska och digitala dokument. PDC kan också komma till god hjälp när det gäller att utveckla nya, användbara produkter. / Ashraf Habash Gamla Infartsv. 3A, lhg 510 371 41 Karlskrona (mob) +46 734 08 79 67 (work) +46 457 386 300

There are many attempts to bridge paper digital gap, new artifacts and tools are being delivered continuously. Many of these artifacts work with paper and cooperate with other artifacts. Despite the fact that these artifacts are good enough to perform their work, they tend to be dull in exchanging data and cooperating with other artifacts. This causes a problem especially when artifact cooperation is essential. In order to solve this we need to have a standard to present the data used in the artifacts and facilitate communication among artifacts. Paper Digital Classes is a new standard that aims at providing a standard implementation of the artifacts in matters of data exchange and interoperability. PDC has a direct industrial impact, this was noticed by Sparbanksstiftelsen Kronan and they have awarded me a scholarship for the project. / Med dagens teknik är det möjligt att skicka till exempel e-post direkt från ett papper utan att röra vid datorn. Genom att använda en särskild digital penna överförs texten man skriver på papper direkt till datorn. Jag har undersökt olika system och verktyg som berör läsning och överföring från papper till digitala dokument. Jag har utifrån min studie tagit fram en standard, PDC, Paper Digital Classes, som låter olika verktyg interagera som om de vore ett. PDC kan komma att få stor betydelse för framtida dokumenthantering. Tekniken underlättar att skicka e-post från ett pappersdokument, redigera pappersdokument och överhuvudtaget all interaktion mellan fysiska och digitala dokument. PDC kan också komma till god hjälp när det gäller att utveckla nya, användbara produkter. / Ashraf Habash Gamla Infartsv. 3A 371 41 Karlskrona (mob) +46 734 08 79 67 (work) +46 457 386 307 Ashrafhabash@msn.com www.uth.se

In this Bachelor thesis I explore sound and room as elements in design of user interfaces, both theoretical and practical in a specific application domain, to identify some of the advantages and disadvantage associated with these elements. As application domain I studied email clients and their usage at home amongst students at Blekinge Institute of Technology. In the study I found an activity, which seems to be highly distributed in the physical room where the user is located. The activity was notification of email and could take place in an arbitrary location of the home. I then augmented this activity with ideas from my theoretical assumption about room and sound. The result was a rule-based agent for notification of email, which primarily uses sound as interaction style. / I fokus för mitt arbete står två begrepp, ljud och rummet samt att skapa en fusion mellan dem i ett gränssnitt. Båda är områden som med tiden har fått ökad betydelse för IT design.

Context represents any information regarding the situation of entities, being these a person, place or object that is considered relevant to the interaction between a user and an application. The results obtained permits an user to save context information attached to a picture in a database, as well as retrieve pictures from that database and show it in a web interface with its context information associated. The web interface also allows the user to perform searches by using different criteria, so only the pictures that matches with that criteria will be shown. / Final Degree Project - Thesis

This work describes a design of a multimedia content delivery system based on context, to provide multimedia information and other services according to the user location and his preferences. It focuses on mobility and the problem of different coherent and cohesive presentations depending on the available resources of the presentation environment.

This essay does a theoretical comparison of the intricate social production in digital and real spaces, proposing a model for the non-technical exploration of the social production of spaces relating to human digital technology. The ‘social space’ proposed by Henri Lefebvre (1974) - responsible for producing material space - and the holistic model of ‘cybernetic space’ proposed by Ananda Mitra and Rae Lynn Schwartz (2001) - responsible for supporting the production of real and digital spaces - are argued as collaboratively producing cybernetic social spaces, serving as the definition of a unified model for the production of spaces in contemporary society. The digital spaces are argued as being a similar analogue to classical ‘social space’. Two native cybernetic spaces are presented and discussed, argued as being responsible for the transitive production of digital and real spaces as they survey and situate the production of cybernetic social space. Finally, two case studies exemplifying the aesthetics and politics of cybernetic space are presented, analyzed and discussed in accordance with the proposed model of cybernetic social space.

In modern societies the activity of driving has become almost an essential routine. Vehicles are considered by many as indispensable tools for accomplishing their daily tasks and they are the main form of transportation for millions of people. The average driver spends, voluntarily, considerable amounts of time on the road, using their vehicle to transport himself even for small distances and knowing that its use presents him with some form of comfort and convenience; yet, drivers frequently regard their road experience as tiring and fastidious, but their persistence in using their vehicle at every opportunity serves as proof of a pleasurable experience. So far car manufacturers, traffic authorities and designers of technology have been mainly concerned with aspects of the road that ensure drivers safety, increase power engine, provide more comfort, and maintain better streets, etc; however, the actual feelings of the driver as he travels through the streets has not yet been taken into a great account by the developers of the road environment. For this reason this thesis tries to create awareness on the existence and constant presence of people’s emotions as they drive, which have the mutual power to influence their action on the road and their driving patterns. In order to capture a drivers’ emotional experience this study uses three main methods. One of them is Cultural Probes, consisting of common objects specifically Postcards, Pictures, and Web-logs, to measure unknown factors about the users. The second is the use of Ethnographic studies on the driving activities through the use of observations, the popular talk-aloud-protocol and the shadow method. Finally, the Experience Sampling Method is used, which tries to captures the experience of an individual as it unfolds in its natural context. With the combined used of these three methods some of the main factors of the road’s environment that are commonly able to influence the driver’s emotions in negative or positive ways were discovered, which include the intensity and type of light, the different types and sources of sound, the perceivable landscapes and surrounding architectures and the different kinds of continuously occurring interactions. These are just some of the many factors that can influence emotions on the road, and hopefully this study will open the curiosity for a deeper study of these and other aspects of the emotional driving experience. / Julio Angulo djjupra@gmail.com Reforma #60, Col. Atlantida, 04370 Mexico City, Mexico 66 - 3433 E. 49th Ave V5S 1M1 Vancouver, BC Canada

Our work, which this master thesis is based upon, has been committed to analysing the settings of large-scale events, proposing, and designing an IT-artefact that can be adapted to different contexts depending on the event. In order to give examples of the contexts of which the IT-artefact could be used, it was developed tailored to two temporary large-scale events. Throughout the thesis we have been struggling with the question of how it is possible to facilitate the co-ordination during large-scale events through visualising tasks and resources. Our aim has been that the design proposal shall support the sharing of tasks and resources to facilitate the cooperation among volunteers during the realisation of temporary large-scale events. We conclude that our design proposal of the IT-artefact should be investigated further in the settings presented in this thesis and others, as we see prospects to develop and adapt the design proposal to various large-scale events in the nearby future. / Vårt fokus är ett tekniskt stöd för funktionärer under storskaliga arrangemang. Våra samarbetspartners är Hultsfredsfestivalen och Vasaloppet. Vi sätter användning av teknik i fokus och utgår från behov hos användarna i den studerade kontexten. Detta har vi åstadkommit med stöd av etnografiska undersökningar, workshops, analys av materialet samt framtagande av en designlösning. Vår frågeställning om huruvida det är möjligt att underlätta koordinationen under storskaliga evenemang med hjälp av visualisering av arbetsuppgifter och resurser har lett till att vi har föreslagit en designlösning. Denna ska stödja och underlätta funktionärers arbete genom att tillhandahålla olika funktioner och stöd beroende på behoven hos funktionärerna vid respektive evenemang. Vårt syfte är att designlösningen ska stödja fördelningen av uppdrag och ett gemensamt utnyttjande av resurser för att underlätta samarbetet mellan funktionärer.

Abstract This thesis explores the sociocultural processes shaping the design, adoption and use of new urban technology in the city of Oulu in northern Finland. The exploration is conducted at experiential level focusing on people’s personal perspectives which allows uncovering underlying cultural meanings, social structures and historically formed practices and discourses. The unique case for the thesis is provided by the recent technological development in Oulu that has been shaped by agendas such as ubiquitous computing and smart cities. The thesis first investigates in-depth the design process of the new urban technology, and also compares the visions of the designers and decision-makers with the practices and perspectives of the city inhabitants. Then, the adoption process of public urban technologies is studied in detail by constructing a conceptual appropriation model. Finally, the effects of the northern location of Oulu on the design and use of the urban technology are scrutinized. The research is based on empirical, qualitative research materials comparing the experiences of young adult and elderly city inhabitants; in addition, quantitative use data of urban technologies is utilized to provide an overview on the use trends. The key findings indicate that the design and decisions concerning novel technologies and the outcome are shaped by complex sociomaterial practices based on experiences from previous similar projects, and on certain preconceptions about the city inhabitants and technology’s role in the cityscape. Different people have differing power positions in relation to the development of the urban public places, and technology implementation can marginalize some segments of city inhabitants. Further, the adoption of novel urban technologies is found to depend heavily on the norms of public places and people’s long-term experiences of technology use. Finally, climate, ICT use and sociocultural context are shown to be profoundly interconnected, and thus, urban computing design must reconsider the situatedness of technology. These findings call for further sociocultural studies on future smart cities. / Tiivistelmä Väitöskirja tarkastelee sosiokulttuurisia tekijöitä, jotka ovat vaikuttaneet uuden kaupunkiteknologian suunnitteluun, omaksumiseen ja käyttöön Pohjois-Suomessa Oulussa. Tutkimus keskittyy ihmisten kokemukselliseen tasoon, jonka kautta on mahdollista hahmottaa kulttuurisia merkityksiä, sosiaalisia rakenteita sekä historiallisesti muotoutuneita käytäntöjä ja diskursseja. Tutkimuksen taustalla on Oulun viime vuosien teknologinen kehitys, joka osaltaan perustuu visioihin älykaupungista ja kaupunkitilaan sulautetusta jokapaikan tietotekniikasta. Tutkimus tarkastelee aluksi uuden kaupunkiteknologian suunnitteluprosessia, ja peilaa lisäksi suunnittelijoiden ja päättäjien visioita kaupunkilaisten käytäntöihin ja näkökulmiin. Seuraavaksi julkisten kaupunkiteknologioiden käyttöönottoa jäljitetään rakentamalla malli, joka kuvaa omaksumisprosesseja. Lopuksi selvitetään Oulun pohjoisen sijainnin vaikutusta teknologian suunnitteluun ja käyttöön. Tutkimus perustuu empiirisiin, laadullisiin tutkimusaineistoihin, joiden avulla tutkitaan ja vertaillaan nuorten aikuisten ja ikääntyneiden kaupunkilaisten kokemuksia. Lisäksi käytetään määrällistä aineistoa kuvaamaan kaupunkiteknologioiden käytön kehityssuuntia. Väitöskirjan mukaan kaupunkiteknologioita koskevat päätökset ja lopputulos ovat monimutkaisten sosiaalis-materiaalisten käytäntöjen muovaavia. Käytäntöjen taustalla ovat kokemukset samankaltaisista projekteista sekä ennakkokäsitykset kaupunkilaisista ja teknologian roolista kaupunkitilassa. Tutkimus valottaa ihmisten erilaisia valta-asemia kaupunkien kehityksessä ja tuo esiin, miten teknologia voi marginalisoida joitakin ihmisryhmiä. Tutkimus osoittaa, miten julkisten paikkojen normit ja pitkän ajan kuluessa muovautuneet teknologiakokemukset vaikuttavat uusien kaupunkiteknologioiden omaksumiseen. Lisäksi todetaan ilmaston, tieto- ja viestintätekniikan käytön ja sosiokulttuurisen kontekstin vahva yhteys, jonka vuoksi alan tutkimuksen tulisi arvioida uudelleen teknologian paikkasidonnaisuutta. Tulokset osoittavat, että sosiokulttuurista tutkimusta älykaupungeista tarvitaan lisää.