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Hydroquinone is a most commonly used whitening agent in cosmetics. A high performance liquid chromatography method was developed and validated for the quantitative determination of hydroquinone in creams. Validation parameters such as linearity, precision, accuracy, and limit of detection and limit of quantitation were determined. HPLC was carried by reverses phase technique on a RP-C18 column with a mobile phase of water and methanol (pH 5.0) 70:30. The linearity in the range of 2.0-40.0 μg/mL presents a correlation coefficient of 0.9998. The LOD and LOQ were 0.16 and 0.53 μg/mL, respectively. The precision of the method was found to be satisfactory with a coefficient of variation below 2.2%. The recovery values were in the range of 92.4 to 99.0%. The method is sensitive, fast, and simple. It has been successfully applied to the determination of hydroquinone in cosmetic creams. The results obtained agreed well with the percentages given by the manufacturers.

Syfte: Att undersöka faktorer som kan påverka vuxna individers val att bleka tänderna. Metod: En tvärsnittsstudie som baserades på en digital enkät som besvarades i februari 2024. Data analyserades med Fischers Exact test, Mann-Whitney U, Kruskal-Wallis test och Spearman´s rangkorrelationskoffecient. Signifikansnivå var ≤ 0.05. Resultat: Baseras på enkätsvar från 89 respondenter (kvinnor, n=72 och män, n=17). Resultatet tyder på att det finns en vilja att bleka tänderna och den främsta anledningen till det uppgavs att det var snyggt med vitare tänder. Ingen skillnad sågs gällande valet av tandblekningsmetod mellan individer med olika socioekonomiska förutsättningar. Självkänslan ansågs påverkad av tändernas färg, främst hos respondenter som blekt sina tänder. Slutsats: Att vitare tänder bedömdes som estetiskt tilltalande indikerar att tändernas färg har betydelse för individen. Tändernas färg hade även en påverkan på självkänslan. Viljan att förändra tändernas färg kan kopplas till det psykiska välbefinnandet och den allmänna hälsan. / Aim: To investigate factors that may influence adult individuals' choice to whiten their teeth. Method: A cross-sectional study based on a digital questionnaire answered in February 2024. Data were analysed with Fischer's Exact test, Mann-Whitney U, Kruskal-Wallis test and Spearman´s rangkorrelationskoffecient. Significance level p=≤0.05. Results: Based on questionnaire responses from 89 respondents (women, n=72 and men, n=17). The results indicate that there is a desire to whiten the teeth and the main factor is that it looks better to have whiter teeth. No difference could be seen in the choice of teeth whitening method between individual’s different socio-economic groups. Self-esteem is affected by the colour of the teeth, especially among the respondents who had whitened their teeth. Conclusion: The fact that whiter teeth are considered aesthetically attractive indicates that tooth colour is important to the individual. Tooth colour impacts self-esteem. The willingness to change the tooth colour may be linked to psychological well-being and general health.

The industrial world is in constant demand for faster, cheaper and higher quality manufacturing. Robot utilisation and automation has evolved to become a necessary asset to master in order to stay competitive in the global market. With the growing dependency on robots, unexpected downtime and brakedowns can cause devastating loss of revenue. Consequently, this has lead to an increased importance for an accurate condition based way of performing robotic maintenance. As of writing, robots are predominantly maintained through time dependent maintenance. Part replacement is based on statistical models where maintenance is performed without taking the actual robot condition into consideration. As a result an overall level of uncertainty is ensued, where lacking the ability to properly diagnose the robot, also leads to superfluous repairs. Because of the costly impact this has on production, a condition based maintenance approach to robots would yield increased reliability at a lower cost of maintenance. This research focuses on trying to monitor vibrations in a robot, so as to infer about wear and to provide a first step in vibration based Robot Condition Monitoring. This research has been of multidisciplinary nature where robotics, tribology, mechanical component, signal analysis and diagnosis theory have overlapped in several areas throughout the project. The research has provided a vibration baseline and trends of the theoretical bearing defect frequencies for a hypocycloid gearbox installed on an ABB IRB6600 robot. The gearbox was not worn to a level that a severe gearbox degradation was irrefutably detectable and analysable. Accelerometers normally used on wind turbines were used for the project, and are believed to be sufficiently successful in capturing bearing related signals to accredit it for continued use at the preliminary stages of Robot Condition Monitoring development. A worn RV410F hypocycloid gearbox, was dismantled and analysed. Bearings found inside indicate high degrees of moisture corrosion and extensive surface wear. These findings had decisive roles in what future work recommendations where presented. Areas with great potential are condition monitoring through the use of Acoustic Emission and lubrication analysis. Further recommendations include investigating signal analysis techniques such as cepstrum pre-whitening and discrete wavelet transforms.

This thesis is about modelling and predicting the perceived whiteness of plain paper from the paper composition, including fluorescent whitening agents. This includes psycho-physical modelling of perceived whiteness from measurable light reflectance properties, and physical modelling of light scattering and fluorescence from the paper composition. Existing models are first tested and improvements are suggested and evaluated. The standardised and widely used CIE whiteness equation is first tested on commercial office papers with visual evaluations by different panels of observers, and improved models are validated. Simultaneous contrast effects, known to affect the appearance of coloured surfaces depending on the surrounding colour, are shown to significantly affect the perceived whiteness. A colour appearance model including simultaneous contrast effects  (CIECAM02-m2), earlier tested on coloured surfaces, is successfully applied to perceived whiteness. A recently proposed extension of the Kubelka-Munk light scattering model including fluorescence for turbid media of finite thickness is successfully tested for the first time on real papers. It is shown that the linear CIE whiteness equation fails to predict the perceived whiteness of highly white papers with distinct bluish tint. This equation is applicable only in a defined region of the colour space, a condition that is shown to be not fulfilled by many commercial office papers, although they appear white to most observers. The proposed non-linear whiteness equations give to these papers a whiteness value that correlates with their perceived whiteness, while application of the CIE whiteness equation outside its region of validity overestimates perceived whiteness. It is shown that the quantum efficiency of two different fluorescent whitening agents (FWA) in plain paper is rather constant with FWA type, FWA concentration, filler content, and fibre type. Hence, the fluorescence efficiency is essentially dependent only on the ability of the FWA to absorb light in its absorption band.  Increased FWA concentration leads accordingly to increased whiteness. However, since FWA absorbs light in the violet-blue region of the electromagnetic spectrum, the reflectance factor decreases in that region with increasing FWA amount. This violet-blue absorption tends to give a greener shade to the paper and explains most of the observed greening and whiteness saturation at larger FWA concentrations. A red-ward shift of the quantum efficiency is observed with increasing FWA concentration, but this is shown to have a negligible effect on the whiteness value. The results are directly applicable to industrial applications for better instrumental measurement of whiteness and thereby optimising the use of FWA with the goal to improve the perceived whiteness. In addition, a modular Monte Carlo simulation tool, Open PaperOpt, is developed to allow future spatial- and angle-resolved particle level light scattering simulation. / PaperOpt

Magister Scientiae - MSc / The main hypothesis in this study is the development of a nanocomposite mediated amperometric biosensor for detection of hydrogen peroxide. The aim is to combine the electrochemical properties of both polyaniline and ferrocenium hexafluorophosphate into highly conductive nano composites capable of exhibiting electrochemistry in non acidic media; shuttling electrons between HRP and GCE for biosensor applications. / South Africa

Ter dentes brancos é cada vez mais uma exigência estética. A indicação do tratamento clareador dental, bem como da técnica empregada, deve ser criteriosa. Os agentes clareadores mais utilizados para dentes vitalizados são peróxido de hidrogênio e peróxido de carbamida, em diferentes concentrações. Duas técnicas são mais utilizadas, clareamento em consultório e clareamento caseiro, cujas indicações devem estar embasadas na segurança do paciente, no que diz respeito à manutenção da integridade de seus órgãos dentais, bem como de sua saúde bucal e geral. A finalidade deste estudo, a cerca do tratamento clareador dental é trazer resultados que permitam ao profissional de Odontologia, indicar o melhor tratamento visando segurança. Avaliando quanto à facilitação do desgaste de dentes humanos, submetidos in vitro às duas técnicas e aos dois principais agentes clareadores, ambulatorial e caseira, peróxido de hidrogênio, 35% (Whiteness HP MAXX FGM) e peróxido de carbamida a 10% (Whiteness Perfect - FGM), respectivamente, e à ação mecânica de um ensaio de escovação simulada. Ambos os tratamentos foram realizados sob a técnica recomendada pelo fabricante. A escovação simulada foi realizada diariamente (10 dias, 500 ciclos). Corpos-de-prova (cp) foram divididos em 5 grupos (N=8) sendo um controle (sem clareamento) e 4 experimentais (um grupo recebeu a técnica ambulatorial e três a técnica caseira). Ainda foi avaliado o tempo de espera para a realização da escovação após o tratamento clareador caseiro (15, 30 e 60 minutos). A variação de massa foi aferida por peso, inicial e final dos cp (antes e depois do clareamento e escovação), em balança analítica, após a desidratação destes em sílica gel. Análise estatística (ANOVA Oneway e Student-Newman-Keuls) foi realizada e os resultados permitiram concluir que: 1- Ocorreu perda de massa nos dentes humanos após serem submetidos a ambos os tratamentos clareadores propostos e no grupo controle (sem clareamento), seguido de ensaio de escovação; 2- Peróxido de hidrogênio a 35%, técnica ambulatorial, ocasionou a menor perda de massa do esmalte dentário após o ensaio de escovação, embora sem diferença estatística; 3- Os grupos submetidos ao clareamento com peróxido de carbamida apresentaram a maior perda de massa, mas não houve diferença entre os tempos de espera para a realização do ensaio de escovação. / White teeth are more and more the aesthetic demand. The indication makes whitening teeth and the employed technique being of criterious use. Hydrogen peroxide and Carbamide peroxide are the whitening agents more used to vitalized teeth in different concentrations. There are two whitening teeths techniques: in office and at home, whose indications should be based on patients safety, concerning to the maintenance of the teeths integrity, as well as oral and general health. The aim of this study is to bring results to allow the professional of Dentistry to indicate the best treatment in order to give safety, evaluating facilitation to wear and tear in humans' teeth, submitted in vitro to the two techniques and the two main whitening agents, Hydrogen peroxide, 35% (Whiteness HP MAXX - FGM) and Carbamide peroxide, 10% (Whiteness Perfect - FGM), respectively, and to a mechanical action of a simulated brushing essay. Both whitening teeths treatments were accomplished by a technique recommended by the manufacturer. Simulated brushing was accomplished daily, 500 cycles, for 10 days. The specimens were divided in 5 groups (N=8), one control (without whitening teeth) and 4 experimental (one group received in office technique and the others received at home technique). It was still evaluated the waiting time in accomplishing the simulated brushing after the treatment at home (15, 30 and 60 minutes). The mass variation among the specimens was checked by initial and final weight (after and before the whitening teeth and the simulated brushing), in analytical scale and after the dehydration in silica gel of them. The statistical analysis (ANOVA Oneway and Student-Newman-Keuls) was accomplished and the results allowed concluding that: 1- It occurred loss of mass in the human teeth after they were submitted to both whitening treatments proposed, followed by simulated brushing essay, and on control group (without whitening teeth treatment); 2- Hydrogen peroxide 35% caused the smallest loss of mass in the enamel, after simulated brushing essay, with statistical difference; 3- There was no significant difference in the weight loss occurred with any waiting times proposed between the whitening teeth treatment with carbamide peroxide 16% and the simulated brushing essay, maybe this treatment caused the biggest loss of mass in enamel.

Made available in DSpace on 2015-03-26T14:01:17Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 texto completo.pdf: 1134701 bytes, checksum: 187983c0bf93f016a9580bab2e8e7d7c (MD5) Previous issue date: 2013-07-29 / The bleaching washing process in Suzano Papel e Celulose (Mucuri-BA) s -fiberline 2 utilizes condensate from evaporation 2, which contains high COD load. This laboratory study was designed to verify the influence of evaporation condensate COD load and chlorine dioxide consumption in pulp bleachability, in A/DEpDP. Four simulations were performed and industrial condensate from Suzano s Mucuri unit and two other Pulp Plants (A and B) were utilized. The influence of DDW filtrate, both diluted and concentrated, in contrast to condensate, was also evaluated. On the condensate characterization, COD content on Suzano s sample (2910.8 ppm) was eight times higher than the values of Plants A and B (263.3 and 339.2 ppm, respectively) and the methanol content was 74.0% of COD s value. Analysis showed that 98.16% of the pulp s COD variation could be explained by the condensate COD load used to wash the pulp. Simulations 1 and 2 evaluated the bleachability influence of the following condensates: Suzano, Plants A and B, and Suzano s optimized. Suzano s sample, with greater condensate and pulp COD values, presented greater bleachability difficulty, where this variation can be attributed to the COD load of the pulp entering the bleach plant. COD influence on pulp viscosity was not significant. Finally, in order to achieve a final brightness of 89.7% ISO, there was an active chlorine consumption reduction equivalent to 1.3; 0.9 and 1.8 kg/tsa for Plant A, B and Suzano optimized respectively, when compared to Suzano s sample consumption. Simulation 4 evaluated the influence of washing the pulp with condensed and filtrates (diluted and concentrated) that were collected from the DDWs. Washing the pulp with filtrate affected pulp bleachability negatively, increasing Ep kappa number and interfering with brightness development in all bleaching stages. Moreover, there was an increase in active chlorine consumption of 5.0 and 13.0 kg/ADT, for the samples washed with diluted and concentrated filtrates, respectively, when compared with the consumption for pulp washed with condensate, to achieve final pulp brightness equivalent to 89.0% ISO. Thereby, it is possible to infer that the use of washer filtrates is not economically attractive, given the increase in active chlorine consumption in the bleaching step. / O processo de branqueamento na linha de fibras 2 da Suzano Papel e Celulose (Mucuri-BA) utiliza condensado da evaporação 2 com elevado teor da DQO para a lavagem da polpa pré-branqueada. Neste estudo foi analisado, em laboratório, a influência da DQO do condensado no consumo de cloro ativo e parâmetros de branqueabilidade da polpa, na sequência A/DEpDP. Foram realizadas quatro simulações, nas quais foram utilizados condensados industriais da Suzano e duas outras fábricas do Setor (Fábricas A e B). Também foi avaliada a influência de filtrados diluído e concentrado, coletados no lavador DDW, em comparativo à utilização de condensado. Na caracterização dos condensados foi observado que o valor de DQO da amostra Suzano (2910,8 ppm) é oito vezes superior aos valores das Fábricas A e B (263,3 e 339,2 ppm, respectivamente) e que para esta amostra a composição de metanol equivale a 74,0% do valor integral da DQO. Foi observado que 98,16% da variação da DQO da polpa (entrada do branqueamento) é explicada pela DQO do condensado utilizado na sua lavagem. Nas Simulações 1 e 2 foi avaliada a influência dos condensados Suzano, Fábricas A e B e Suzano otimizado, onde observou-se que a amostra Suzano, com maiores valores da DQO do condensado e da polpa, demonstrou maior dificuldade de branqueabilidade. Não foi verificada influência da DQO do condensado nos valores de viscosidade da polpa. Ainda, foi verificada uma redução no consumo de cloro ativo equivalente a 1,3; 0,9 e 1,8 kg/tsa para as amostras da Fábrica A, B e Suzano otimizada, respectivamente, quando comparado ao consumo da amostra Suzano, para atingir uma alvura final de 89,7 %ISO. Por fim, na Simulação 4, onde foi avaliada a influência da lavagem com condensado e filtrados diluído e concentrado, coletados nos lavadores DDW, foi observada que a lavagem da polpa com os filtrados afetou negativamente a branqueabilidade da polpa, aumentando o valor de número kappa no estágio Ep e interferindo nos valores de alvura em todos os estágios de branqueamento. Também, foi verificado um aumento no consumo de cloro ativo, para atingir uma alvura final da polpa equivalente a 89,0 %ISO, inferindo que esta lavagem com filtrados não se viabiliza economicamente.

Made available in DSpace on 2014-12-17T14:13:27Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 MariaCSM_Capa_ate_cap4.pdf: 6011904 bytes, checksum: 63effbb0509556702ce462b8f08c7651 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2008-04-11 / The aim of the present study was to assess the effectiveness and adverse effects on dental enamel caused by nightguard vital bleaching with 10% carbamide peroxide. This was accomplished through the interaction of researchers from different areas such as dentistry, materials engineering and physics. Fifty volunteers took part in the doubleblind randomized controlled clinical trial. They were allocated to an experimental group that used Opalescence PF 10% (OPA) and a control group that used a placebo gel (PLA). Fragments of human dental enamel from the vestibular surface of healthy premolars, extracted for orthodontic reasons, were fixed to the vestibular surface of the first upper molars of the volunteers for in situ observation. Bleaching was performed at night for 21 days. The observation periods included Baseline (BL), T0 (21 days), T30 (30 days after treatment) and T180 (180 days after treatment, only for the OPA group). Tooth color was assessed by comparing it with the Vita? scale and by the degree of satisfaction expressed by the volunteer. We also assessed adverse clinical effects, dental sensitivity and gingival bleeding. The study of adverse effects on enamel was conducted in vivo and in situ, using the DIAGNOdent? laser fluorescence device to detect mineral loss. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) was used to check for superficial morphological alterations, energy dispersive spectrophotometry (EDS) to semiquantitatively assess chemical composition using the Ca/P ratio, and the x-ray diffraction (XRD) technique to observe alterations in enamel microstructure. The results showed that nightguard vital bleaching with 10% carbamide peroxide was effective in 96% of the cases, versus 8% for the PLA group. Dental sensitivity was present in 36% (9/25) of the cases. There was no significant association between gingival bleeding and the type of gel used (p = 1.00). In vivo laser fluorescence analysis showed no difference in values for the control group, whereas in the OPA group there was a statistically significant difference between baseline values in relation to the subsequent periods (p<0.01), with lower mean values for post-bleaching times. There was a significant difference between the groups for times T0 and T30. Micrographic analysis showed no enamel surface alterations related to the treatment performed. No significant alteration in Ca/P ratio was observed in the OPA group (p = 0.624) or in the PLA group (p = 0.462) for each of the observation periods, nor between the groups studied (p=0.102). The XRD pattern for both groups showed the presence of three-phase Hydroxyapatite according to JCPDS files (9-0432[Ca5(PO4)3(OH)], 18-0303[Ca3(PO4)2.xH2O] and 25-0166[Ca5(PO4)3(OH, Cl, F)]). No other peak associated to other phases was found, independent of the group analyzed, which reveals there was no disappearance, nucleation or phase transformation. Neither was there any alteration in peak pattern location. With the methodology and protocol used in this study, nightguard vital bleaching with 10% carbamide peroxide proved to be an effective and safe procedure for dental enamel / O presente estudo objetivou avaliar a efetividade e os efeitos adversos sobre o esmalte dent?rio promovidos pelo clareamento caseiro supervisionado pelo dentista com per?xido de carbamida a 10% e s? foi poss?vel mediante a intera??o de alguns pesquisadores das mais variadas ?reas do conhecimento como a Odontologia, a Engenharia de Materiais e a F?sica. Cinq?enta volunt?rios participaram de um ensaio cl?nico controlado e randomizado duplo-cego e foram alocados em um grupo experimental, que utilizou Opalescence PF 10% (OPA) e um grupo controle que usou um gel placebo (PLA). Fragmentos de esmalte dent?rio humano provenientes da face vestibular de pr?-molares h?gidos, extra?dos por motivos ortod?nticos, foram fixados ? superf?cie vestibular dos primeiros molares superiores dos volunt?rios objetivando uma observa??o in situ. O tempo do clareamento foi de 21 dias em regime noturno. Os per?odos de observa??o compreenderam a Linha Base (LB), T0 (21 dias), T30 (30 dias ap?s o tratamento) e T180 (180 dias ap?s o tratamento) sendo este ?ltimo apenas para o grupo OPA. A avalia??o da cor dos dentes foi feita pela compara??o com a escala Vita? e atrav?s do grau de satisfa??o do volunt?rio em rela??o ao tratamento. Adicionalmente, avaliaram-se os efeitos cl?nicos adversos, sensibilidade dent?ria e sangramento gengival. O estudo dos efeitos adversos ao esmalte dent?rio foi realizado in vivo e in situ, atrav?s da fluoresc?ncia a laser com o uso do DIAGNOdent?, objetivando detectar perdas de mineral. Foram empregadas ainda, a Microscopia Eletr?nica de Varredura (MEV), para verificar altera??es morfol?gicas superficiais, a Espectrometria de Energia Dispersiva (EDS), para avaliar semiquantitativamente a composi??o qu?mica atrav?s do ratio Ca/P, e a t?cnica de Difra??o de Raio-X (DRX) com a finalidade de observar altera??es na microestrutura do esmalte. Os resultados revelaram ser a t?cnica de clareamento caseiro com per?xido de carbamida a 10% efetiva em 96% dos casos, contra 8% do grupo PLA, apresentando 36% (9/25) de sensibilidade dent?ria. N?o houve associa??o significativa entre a presen?a de sangramento gengival e o tipo de gel utilizado (p=1,00). A an?lise da fluoresc?ncia a laser in vivo n?o revelou diferen?a nos valores para o grupo controle, enquanto no grupo OPA houve diferen?a estatisticamente significativa entre os valores da linha base em rela??o aos per?odos subseq?entes (p<0,01), com valores m?dios menores nos tempos p?s-clareamento. Entre os grupos, houve diferen?a significativa nos per?odos T0 e T30. A avalia??o das micrografias n?o revelou altera??es na superf?cie do esmalte que possam ser relacionadas ao tratamento realizado. Nenhuma altera??o significativa na propor??o Ca/P foi observada no grupo OPA (p=0,624) nem no grupo PLA (p=0,462) para cada um dos per?odos de observa??o, nem entre os grupos estudados (p=0,102). O padr?o da DRX para todos os grupos evidenciou a presen?a de tr?s fases relativas ? hidroxiapatita de acordo com os arquivos JCPDS (9-0432[Ca5(PO4)3(OH)], 18- 0303[Ca3(PO4)2.xH2O] e 25-0166[Ca5(PO4)3(OH,Cl,F)]). Nenhum outro pico associado a outras fases foi encontrado, independente do grupo analisado, o que revela n?o ter havido desaparecimento, nuclea??o ou transforma??o de fases. Pode-se constatar ainda que n?o houve altera??o no padr?o dos picos em rela??o ? localiza??o dos mesmos. Atrav?s da metodologia empregada neste estudo, pode-se concluir que o clareamento caseiro supervisionado pelo dentista com per?xido de carbamida a 10%, dentro do protocolo aqui utilizado, se mostrou um procedimento efetivo e seguro para o esmalte dent?rio

Ter dentes brancos é cada vez mais uma exigência estética. A indicação do tratamento clareador dental, bem como da técnica empregada, deve ser criteriosa. Os agentes clareadores mais utilizados para dentes vitalizados são peróxido de hidrogênio e peróxido de carbamida, em diferentes concentrações. Duas técnicas são mais utilizadas, clareamento em consultório e clareamento caseiro, cujas indicações devem estar embasadas na segurança do paciente, no que diz respeito à manutenção da integridade de seus órgãos dentais, bem como de sua saúde bucal e geral. A finalidade deste estudo, a cerca do tratamento clareador dental é trazer resultados que permitam ao profissional de Odontologia, indicar o melhor tratamento visando segurança. Avaliando quanto à facilitação do desgaste de dentes humanos, submetidos in vitro às duas técnicas e aos dois principais agentes clareadores, ambulatorial e caseira, peróxido de hidrogênio, 35% (Whiteness HP MAXX FGM) e peróxido de carbamida a 10% (Whiteness Perfect - FGM), respectivamente, e à ação mecânica de um ensaio de escovação simulada. Ambos os tratamentos foram realizados sob a técnica recomendada pelo fabricante. A escovação simulada foi realizada diariamente (10 dias, 500 ciclos). Corpos-de-prova (cp) foram divididos em 5 grupos (N=8) sendo um controle (sem clareamento) e 4 experimentais (um grupo recebeu a técnica ambulatorial e três a técnica caseira). Ainda foi avaliado o tempo de espera para a realização da escovação após o tratamento clareador caseiro (15, 30 e 60 minutos). A variação de massa foi aferida por peso, inicial e final dos cp (antes e depois do clareamento e escovação), em balança analítica, após a desidratação destes em sílica gel. Análise estatística (ANOVA Oneway e Student-Newman-Keuls) foi realizada e os resultados permitiram concluir que: 1- Ocorreu perda de massa nos dentes humanos após serem submetidos a ambos os tratamentos clareadores propostos e no grupo controle (sem clareamento), seguido de ensaio de escovação; 2- Peróxido de hidrogênio a 35%, técnica ambulatorial, ocasionou a menor perda de massa do esmalte dentário após o ensaio de escovação, embora sem diferença estatística; 3- Os grupos submetidos ao clareamento com peróxido de carbamida apresentaram a maior perda de massa, mas não houve diferença entre os tempos de espera para a realização do ensaio de escovação. / White teeth are more and more the aesthetic demand. The indication makes whitening teeth and the employed technique being of criterious use. Hydrogen peroxide and Carbamide peroxide are the whitening agents more used to vitalized teeth in different concentrations. There are two whitening teeths techniques: in office and at home, whose indications should be based on patients safety, concerning to the maintenance of the teeths integrity, as well as oral and general health. The aim of this study is to bring results to allow the professional of Dentistry to indicate the best treatment in order to give safety, evaluating facilitation to wear and tear in humans' teeth, submitted in vitro to the two techniques and the two main whitening agents, Hydrogen peroxide, 35% (Whiteness HP MAXX - FGM) and Carbamide peroxide, 10% (Whiteness Perfect - FGM), respectively, and to a mechanical action of a simulated brushing essay. Both whitening teeths treatments were accomplished by a technique recommended by the manufacturer. Simulated brushing was accomplished daily, 500 cycles, for 10 days. The specimens were divided in 5 groups (N=8), one control (without whitening teeth) and 4 experimental (one group received in office technique and the others received at home technique). It was still evaluated the waiting time in accomplishing the simulated brushing after the treatment at home (15, 30 and 60 minutes). The mass variation among the specimens was checked by initial and final weight (after and before the whitening teeth and the simulated brushing), in analytical scale and after the dehydration in silica gel of them. The statistical analysis (ANOVA Oneway and Student-Newman-Keuls) was accomplished and the results allowed concluding that: 1- It occurred loss of mass in the human teeth after they were submitted to both whitening treatments proposed, followed by simulated brushing essay, and on control group (without whitening teeth treatment); 2- Hydrogen peroxide 35% caused the smallest loss of mass in the enamel, after simulated brushing essay, with statistical difference; 3- There was no significant difference in the weight loss occurred with any waiting times proposed between the whitening teeth treatment with carbamide peroxide 16% and the simulated brushing essay, maybe this treatment caused the biggest loss of mass in enamel.