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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
1

胡錦濤時期中共對台心理戰之研究

林慧珍, Lin, Hui Chen Unknown Date (has links)
中共對台實施心戰作為歷史悠久,近年來隨著中國大陸綜合國力之提升,對國際社會影響力亦漸次加大。中共認為心理戰是「配合國家進行政治、外交、軍事鬥爭的主要形式」,心理戰必須服從於國家戰略,放在國際政治經濟的大格局、國家發展總體戰略中來思考和籌畫。因此中共強調對敵心理戰,要把維護國家安全與統一、社會穩定、發展的重要戰略機遇期及為全面建設小康社會提供有力的安全保障等做為根本目的。而其心理戰主要策略係依據國家的戰略目標,搶佔戰爭道義的制高點,希望透過國家戰略層級的心理戰,為贏得國家戰略全局和政治外交戰線的主動權,創造有利的環境與條件。當前,中共在胡錦濤的領導下,其對台工作的方針政策,除了延續鄧小平的「一國兩制」、江澤民的「江八點」外,2005年3月4日,胡錦濤發表關於台灣問題和對台工作的重要講話,就新形勢下發展兩岸關係提出「四點意見」。總的來說,胡錦濤時期所實施的對台心理作戰與毛、鄧、江等最大之不同,即在於胡錦濤除藉由傳統的心理作戰方式之外,更涵蓋了輿論戰和法律戰等各種非武力戰的作為,以爭取對其有利之優勢,期能和平解決台海問題。胡錦濤此種將傳統的心理作戰以輿論戰、心理戰、法律戰等三個面向加以擴充,並交互為用的作法,使中共對台心理作戰的手段與策略較毛、鄧、江等時期更加靈活、彈性及全面,其對台心理戰策略作為包括在政治上「外部孤立、內部分化」;在經濟上「經濟利誘、以經促統」;在軍事上「軍事嚇阻、以戰逼和」;在社會上「擴大交流、爭取民心」。但在其對台採取諸般心理戰作為時,亦有諸多限制因素存在,如在政治上,國際社會對我民主化奧援為其外交制約因素、台灣是多元民意且角色自主性高不易被分化;在經濟上,貿易依存度持續深化影響兩岸產業結構、對台經濟利誘欲達致政治認同之有限性;在軍事上,高額軍費支出造成區域情勢緊張、對台軍事威懾不利爭取台灣民意;在社會上,兩岸交流凸顯主流文化之對抗性、大陸社會存在的諸多問題與挑戰,以及社會主義政策難以說服民主台灣等。未來兩岸如何求同存異、避免戰爭將考驗雙方領導人的智慧。
2

中共輿論戰之策略與運用研究

楊著傑 Unknown Date (has links)
摘 要 在2003年波斯灣戰爭之後,中共「中央」軍委會修訂的「中國人民解放軍政治工作條例」中,正式把心理戰、輿論戰和法律戰列為新的作戰樣式,共軍即全面展開「三戰」的研究。除了「中國軍事科學院」率先展開研究,並出版各類型的「三戰」系列叢書之外,中共各大軍區也全面展開學習、研究與訓練的風潮。 事實上,「三戰」屬於「非戰爭軍事行動」的一個領域,共軍區分「軟殺傷」與「硬殺傷」兩種領域,顯示其與戰爭行動的差別,但實質上兩種領域都是戰爭行為,只是「硬殺傷」是指真實武器對抗的戰場,「軟殺傷」是虛擬的心理威懾與感知的戰場,它旨在影響敵人的內在力量,以爭取不戰而屈人之兵的目標。 事實上,中共所提出的「輿論戰」,雖非創新的概念或名詞,但引起外界的關注與疑慮的,是由於中共當局的有心提倡,且經由上下一致的黨國體制的貫徹執行,在操作媒體的手法已愈來愈嫻熟,並且愈來愈重視放出訊息後所形成的宣傳效果,以及它可攫取的實質利益。 中共領導人也認為,藉著媒體威力是無可比擬且只要運用技巧,即可達成於己有利、甚至是自己希望的宣傳效果。因此,自從中國綜合國力提升後,為了害怕各國疑慮中國會在國際間使用其迅速增長的力量,其所提出「和平世界」的口號,其主要目的是為了讓中國崛起的現象能夠在全球公共領域獲得信任與接受,中國不斷地在國際場域宣揚「和諧世界」的理念,並且達到了操控全球輿論、重塑國家形象的一個相當重要的目的。 顯然,中共已不再將輿論戰視為戰場上的非軍事行動而已,它也用於平時對內、對外的宣傳;因此,隨著兩岸關係的和緩,未來輿論戰將不是只用對台威懾、懷柔和分化的手段,而將擴大成為其進行國際宣傳傳播的一種手法。 / Summary After 2003 Persian gulf war, the Communist China" Central " Military Commission meeting will revise of in "Chinese People's Liberation Army political work regulation", formally list as the new battle style to the mental state war, public opinion war and law war, Communist China People's Liberation Army namely launches the research of "three wars" completely. In addition to initiative in" The military in China section college " launches a research, and publishes various "three wars" series cluster book outside, each battalion of Communist China area also launches to learn, study and train an unrest completely. In fact, "three wars" is belong to a realm of "the anti-war contend for a military action", Communist China People's Liberation Army district separately "soft kill harm" and "hard kill harm" two kinds of realms, show the difference that it acts with war, but all of substantially two kinds of realms are act of wars, be just "hard kill harm" mean the battlefield that the true weapon resists, "soft kill harm" is a virtual mental awe, know with feeling of battlefield, its aim is influencing the enemy's inside strength to fight for the target of the soldier that doesn't fight but bend a person. In fact, "public opinion war" put forth by Communist China, although not- creative concept or word, cause the external world concern and worry in uncertainty of, is because having of Communist China's authorities have heart promotes, and through the performance of the carrying through of top and bottom consistent Party country system, after operating the skill of media has already been familiar with more and more, and values to let out a message more and more the publicity effect become, and it can lay hands on of substantial benefit. Communist China leaders are also think, the media power is incomparable, as long as make use of properly, can immediately reached to beneficial to oneself and even is the publicity effect that oneself hopes. Consequently, after China comprehensive national strength promoted, for the sake of frightened all countries worry in uncertainty China will use it quickly increase the strength at international, the slogan of "peaceful world" that it put forth, it the main purpose can acquire trust and accept in the global public realm for the sake of the phenomenon making China grown and China constantly publicizes the principle of "harmonious world" in the international field area, and comes to operate global public opinion and re-establish the national image is a rather important purpose. Obviously, Communist China has already no longer treated public opinion war as the non- military of battlefield act, it is also used for peacetime to inside, outward of publicity; Consequently, alleviate along with the cross-strait relation, in the future the public opinion war will not be only to the Taiwanese awe, keep in mind soft the means, and become extension a kind of skill that it carries on an international publicity dissemination. Key word:Three wars、The public opinion war、Harmonious world、 International dissemination
3

中共對台「三戰」之研究(2003~2009)—以輿論戰為例

楊情偉 Unknown Date (has links)
中共「三戰」概念的形成,主要是因1991年及2003年二次波灣戰爭中,美軍靈活運用輿論戰、心理戰、法律戰的成功實例,促使中共在2003年12月新修訂的「中國人民解放軍政治工作條例」中,明確提出「三戰」為戰時政治工作之重點,開展輿論戰、心理戰、法律戰相關的研發與演訓工作。 中共對台「輿論戰」之用意,在於傳達北京當局處理兩岸問題之能力和決心不容動搖,目的在於營造中共保土衛國之決心不變,凸顯台灣是中國一部份的事實。而「輿論戰」既可用於戰時,亦可用於平時,沒有固定的模式、場域與戰場,不受時空限制,更不限於軍事行動相配合。 中共「輿論戰」開展已提升到國家戰略體系中,在實際操作上,透過政治、經濟、軍事、資訊等作為,對我國展開舖天蓋地的攻擊。中共這種戰略思維,確實指導著國家戰略層級與軍事戰略層級的建立、用力與造勢。因此,我國應該仿傚其做法,動員全國整體力量,進行反制、造勢與佈局,才得以竟全功。

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