內政乃國家政治之基石，而警政更是內政的重心，基於警察機關有任務基層化之特性與職位結構關係，員警處於政府與民眾接觸的最基層，而刑事警察職司政府執行治安工作之第一線，從事犯罪偵查工作人員更肩負各地區治安良窳，其服務態度、工作績效攸關政府治安政策推行與落實的成敗。本研究嘗試藉由從影響刑事警察人員工作滿意因素之探討與分析出發，逐步建立起刑事警察人員工作滿意衡量之重點、變項、因素及整體衡量架構。透過此一架構的建立，作為衡量刑事警察人員工作滿意及績效之基礎，並針對工作滿意與績效進行問卷調查。 本研究主要目的有三：（一）探討影響刑事警察局人員工作滿意之內涵。（二）分析研究不同人口變項的刑事警察局人員在工作滿意、工作績效之差異及關聯性。（三）對現行警察機關績效評比制度運作缺失檢討。（四）提高刑事警察機關工作滿意度之建議。 本研究採用之研究方法為「問卷調查法」及「深度訪談法」。在量化研究方面，以刑事警察局所屬人員（含刑事警察局人員及未具警察官任用資格之一般行政及技術人員）二分之一進行問卷抽樣調查，計發放438份問卷，回收有效問卷391份，資料回收後透過平均數、標準差、因素分析、信度分析、獨立樣本t檢定及單因子變異數分析等方法進行資料分析。在質性研究方面，以刑事警察業務、犯罪偵查人員各2人、爆炸物處理、刑事鑑識及其他業務人員各1人，合計7人，進行深度訪談分析與比較。 本研究以「機關行為」、「個人行為」等二個因素來建構工作滿意，並探討刑事警察局人員整體工作滿意與績效之關聯性。由研究結果發現：（一）在工作滿意各面向與工作績效二變項間的相關係數均達顯著水準，表示各面向與工作績效間有顯著相關，且均為低、中等以上相關；另工作壓力相關係數值為負向外，其餘各面向相關係數值均是正向，亦即主管領導、薪資福利愈好、社會支持愈高、個人人格特質愈積極與工作壓力愈少者，則其工作績效也會愈高；（二）整體工作滿意情形與工作績效二變項間的相關係數達顯著水準，表示整體工作滿意情形與工作績效之間呈現中、高等相關，且因相關係數值是正向，所以整體工作滿意愈高，其工作績效也會愈高。 綜上，本論文依研究目的、文獻探討、問卷調查及深度訪談所得資料，以「機關行為」、「個人行為」等面向來建構工作滿意，並探討刑事警察局人員整體工作滿意與績效之關聯性，考量刑事警察組織沿革及目前體制之困境，提出具體可行之警察政策建議，以及提供後續研究者的參考。 / The internal affairs of a nation are cornerstone of its politics. In particular, the police administration is the central piece of the internal affairs. Due to the characteristic of the police organization that its tasks are community-oriented and the hierarchy within the organization, a policeman is playing the most fundamental role as the contact point between the government and the citizens. In contrast, the criminal police are at the front line as the government carries out its policy on the public security. Moreover, the safety of a local community strongly depends on the police force who is in charge of the crime investigation. Therefore, the service attitude of the criminal police and its efficiency at solving crimes would be the key factors in deciding whether the public security policy of a government can succeed or not. In this research, we start our study by analyzing the causes of affecting the job satisfaction of the criminal police. We then attempt to develop a rating system to determine the job satisfaction of criminal police. To achieve this, we introduce the key elements, the variables and the factors of such a rating system and its overall structure. By establishing such a structure, we lay down the foundation for criminal police to rate their job satisfaction and performance. The rating would be carried out in the form of the questionnaire survey. There are four major goals in our research. First, we would like to have a deeper understanding on the deciding factors of the job satisfaction level at the Criminal Police Bureau. Second, we analyze the difference and the correlation on the job satisfaction and performance among the staff at the Criminal Police Bureau, who have different population variables. Third, we examine flaws of the operation of the current rating system in police organizations. Lastly, we present our suggestions on how to raise the job satisfaction level at the criminal police organizations. The methodologies used in our research are “the questionnaire survey procedure” and “the interview-in-depth method”. In quantitative research, we randomly select half of the staff at the Criminal Police Bureau to answer our questionnaire. The staff being surveyed includes the administrative staff and the technicians who do not meet the requirements of being a police officer. Out of 438 questionnaires we handed out, 391 of them were collected. The data analysis was performed through various methods including the mean value, the standard deviation, the factor analysis, the reliability analysis, the Independent-Samples Test and One-Way ANOVA. For qualitative research, we interviewed 7 staff at various positions for in-depth analysis and comparison: 2 from criminal police administrative staff, 2 from crime investigation department, 1 from explosive special force, 1 from forensic science, and 1 from other administrative staff. Our study determines the job satisfaction based on two factors: “the institutional behavior” and “the individual behavior”. We also investigate the correlation between the overall job satisfaction and the job performance at the Criminal Police Bureau. We found: (1) the correlation coefficient between each perspective of the job satisfaction and the job performance reaches a noticeable level, indicating that there is a tie between each perspective of the job satisfaction and the job performance. The correlation is above the low to medium level. Other than the job stress, all perspectives are positively correlated to the job performance. That is, any of the following conditions would lead to better job performance: the better the senior management is, the better the compensation and the benefits are, the more the support from the society, the more self-motivated the person is, or the less the job stress is. (2) The correlation between the overall job satisfaction and the job performance reaches the pronounced level, as it is medium to high level. Since they are positively correlated, the higher the overall job satisfaction is, the higher the job performance is. In summary, the thesis is to develop a rating system of job satisfaction based on the goal of the research, the review of the past studies, the questionnaire survey and the in-depth interview, along with two different perspectives: “the institutional behavior” and “the individual behavior”. We also study the correlation between the overall job satisfaction and the job performance of the staff at the Criminal Police Bureau. Given the history of the organization and the difficulties encountered by the current system, we proposed the specific and feasible suggestions on the police policy, as well as providing the reference for the future studies. Key word: Criminal police, job satisfaction, job performance, criminal police organization

本研究係針對五十四期刑事警察在職訓練作成效評估，為求評估的準確，將訓練有關之利害關係人（stakeholder）都納入作為研究調查的對象，包含訓練承辦機關刑事警察局、訓練實際執行機關台灣警察專科學校教務處暨學生總隊人員、參訓學員、學員服務機關的長官與同事、授課教師等。而蒐集資料方法係以量化問卷及質化訪談兩者相輔並行，若研究對象超過三十人以上則採問卷調查，其他則以訪談深入探求對訓練辦理的意見；為因應不同對象的需求，各設計出甲、乙、丙三種問卷及訪談表，其主要目的係能兼取量化調查能迅速蒐集大量的資料，而質化的訪談研究能深入探求研究對象的意見等兩種調查方法的優點。 　　研究架構乃經探討相關文獻後，以訓練之規劃、執行、影響三階段之設計作為本研究之評估流程，除瞭解訓練承辦，以及實際執行機關於規劃、執行該訓練時的決策內容外，對第三階段的影響評估亦採用Kirkpatrick所提出的「訓練方案評估技術」，其中最負盛名且運用最廣的是四層次評估理論，分別是反應（Reaction）、學習（Learning）、行為（Behavior）及結果（Result）。本研究嘗試以Kirkpatrick訓練評估四層次理論作基礎，由接受基層刑事警察訓練的刑警人員從事「自我追蹤評估」，及受訓學員長官、同事的「他人追蹤評估」，來瞭解學員受訓後是否能將訓練所學確實移轉到工作情境之中。而依據Wart等學者認為，受訓者個人特質（trainee characteristics）、原機關任職工作環境（work environment）皆會影響訓練成效。因此本文將此兩因素作為控制變數，以探討具有不同個人特質及工作環境的學員，其訓練成效是否會有差異存在。為證明各變數間是否有關聯或差異存在，因此以虛無假設（null hypothesis）方式提出，期望研究結果能拒絕虛無假設，進而接受對立假設。 　　研究結果如下： 　　一、受訓學員於訓練規劃、執行的過程中，對課程編排、教師授課情形、訓練機關的設備、教材及環境等整體訓練安排的「滿意度」良好（反應層次顯著）。 　　二、受訓學員於參加「訓練」前後，對專業講習「知識學習」的程度有明顯差異存在（學習層次顯著）。 　　三、受訓學員回到原服務機關後，其長官、同事覺得其參加「訓練」前後的「行為改變程度」明顯（行為層次顯著）。 　　四、受訓學員回到原服務機關後，其長官、同事覺得其參加「訓練」前後，對「組織貢獻程度」明顯（結果層次顯著）。 　　五、受訓學員對參加訓練「滿意度」的高低，與訓練後回原機關的「行為改變程度」多、寡之間有關係存在（反應層次會影響行為改變層次）。 　　六、受訓學員於參加訓練期間及訓練後，其工作環境中「長官、同事的環境支持程度」高低，與訓練後回原機關的「行為改變程度」大、小有關係存在（工作環境支持程度會影響行為改變層次）。 　　七、受訓學員於結訓回原機關後，其工作「行為改變程度」大、小，與其對「組織貢獻程度」多、寡有關係（行為改變層次會影響組織貢獻層次）。 　　八、受訓學員的「工作環境」差異（其長官、同事對本訓練的支持程度）與其「訓練成效」間有顯著差異存在。 　　九、受訓學員參加本「訓練」前後，其所表現的「整體訓練成效」顯著。 　　十、不同「人口統計變項」的受訓學員，個人資料中「服務機關」、「工作性質」、「年齡」、「刑警年資」等變數，其與「訓練成效」間有顯著差異存在。 　　綜上運用規劃、執行、影響（包括Kirkpatrick訓練評估四層次理論）三階段評估，驗證本訓練成效良好，且證明不同「人口統計變項」及「工作環境」的受訓學員，其「訓練成效」間有顯著差異存在。而質化訪談內容除驗證上述結果外，並於調查規劃、執行過程時，發現訓練制度的改進方向，在結論時提出現階段可行及未來改進的具體建議，使訓練評估結果完整且具可行性。 / This research is the effect evaluation of the on-the-job training of the 54th criminal investigators who were trained in Taiwan Police College. In order to make sure of the accuracy of the estimating, the stakeholders who are related to this on-the-job training are all involved in survey, including course staffs, students who were trained, students' colleagues, professors in this program and trainers who work at Criminal Investigation Bureau and Taiwan Police College. Quantitative questionnaire and qualitative interview are both adopted in this research. The former was used, and the latter was used for the population less than 30. Different questionnaires are designed according to the different populations. 　　Framework is based on literature review, which was used as the planning estimation, implementing estimation, and effect estimation of training. In addition to understand the content of training planning and implementing decision, the third stage-- effect estimation is based on Kirkpatrick Four-level evaluation theory with reaction, learning, behavior and result that is used. The application of Kirkpatrick Four-level evaluation theory in this research includes “self-estimation” by detectives under training and “others-estimation” by the trainees and colleagues to realize that transformation from training to work. And according to Wart's viewpoint, trainee characteristics and work environment have effect upon training. Whereas the controlled factors, trainee characteristic and work environment are provided for difference on training effects. In order to prove the relation or the difference exist on the aforementioned factors, the hypothesis comes up in the follow. The finding expected negation from the null hypothesis or the alternative hypothesis will stands. 　　After by planning, implementing and effect three process evaluation（Including Kirkpatrick Four-level evaluation theory）, the result is nice to the 54th criminal investigators training. And have found the difference on these trainees under the trainee characteristics and work environment. The result was be proved by the content of qualitative interview and find the improvement of training. The feasible suggestion of the present and the future improvement came up in the conclusion. The result of the training evaluation is success and feasible.

近年來，經濟犯罪問題日益嚴重，其中，詐欺案件發生頻仍，諸如刮刮樂、手機中獎、退稅等詐欺集團作案範圍涵蓋全臺，受害民眾遍及各階層，個人財物損失甚至高達數千萬元以上，此類犯罪已嚴重危害社會經濟秩序及治安，並引起社會大眾及立法、行政部門高度重視與關切。 詐欺犯罪是透過對受害社會民眾或客戶的不便，產生機會成本、非必要的過高價格，而由詐欺犯罪活動中，取得不法利得。並且將此成本，轉嫁社會大眾身上。根據「臺閩刑案統計」80年（1991）詐欺案件發生725件，惟至91年（2002）詐欺案件發生高達23628件，至於破獲率則由80年94.07%下降至91年11.52%。由於詐欺犯罪集團結合高科技，助長發生，擴大社會民眾的傷害與層面，導致民眾惶惶不安。就臺灣地區整體犯罪情勢言，詐欺犯罪問題非止於臺北市一偶，且因獲利高、風險低、刑度輕、及受害層面廣等特性，已改變近十年台灣地區犯罪型態，目前其發生數僅次於竊盜犯罪，為嚴重危害當前社會安全之犯罪，此一犯罪問題，誠值深入研究。 探究當前詐欺犯罪猖獗成因固屬多元，惟刑警人員職司犯罪偵防責任，卻責無旁貸。因此，本研究係以刑警人員角度切入，復因如何提升破獲率及降低發生，學說上嚇阻理論、激勵理論、破窗理論及詐欺管理生命週期理論頗值借鏡與探討；因遏阻乃藉由提升破獲能力達成遏制犯罪發生；至激勵則係藉由警察機關內部之領導、鼓勵及工作環境改善等面向，提升員警偵辦詐欺犯罪案件之意願，有效嚇阻犯罪衍生；而破窗理論乃藉由處處關懷、不以小惡而縱容，俾遏阻犯罪之蔓延與惡化；另詐欺管理生命週期理論，則屬系統化分析詐欺犯罪防制策略之理論。上開四種學說理論，對防制詐欺犯罪均有相當正面作用，故於本研究中加以研析討論，另彙製問卷運用描述性統計、因素分析等，藉以瞭解、分析基本變項、偵辦各類刑案成就感、困難度、對工作環境滿意度以及對詐欺犯罪成因之相關認知與差異，俾供政府機關或警政單位從事規劃偵防詐欺犯罪時之參考。