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影響跨國企業合作模式相關因素研究楊宗亮, YANG,ZONG-LIANG Unknown Date (has links)
近年來,由於新專案開發金額日趨龐大,技術涵蓋領域愈來愈廣,且產品生命週期愈
來愈短,是以各企業為降低風險,逐漸以合作代替對抗,合作策略已取代傳統競爭策
略的觀點。
但以往學者多僅探討不同產業環境下所對應之合作類型,運用之合作策略,或所獲得
之合作利益,片斷而零星。實務運用上容有貢獻或價值,但未能對企業之策略行為有
較深入之瞭解。因此本研究擬針對合作利益、合作策略、合作模式三者相關性做深入
探討,瞭解廠商基於何種目的一合作利益,應採取何種手段一合作策略,及其具體作
為一合作模式。
因本論文目的僅在於了解現有狀況,進而建立理論模式,故採取探索性研究,以深度
訪談方式,選擇汽車、個人電腦及廣告業等三種產業做為研究對象。由第二章之文獻
探討,學者所提出之重要策略構面作為半結構式訪談的參考架構,透過對此三種產業
的發展歷程、產業現況,個別廠商之策略性作為較深入瞭解分析後,導出本論文之理
論雛形,建立產業特質、合作利益、合作策略、合作模式之相關性命題。
本研究結果可供企業經營管理當局擬訂合作策略參考之用。後續研究者,亦可以此基
礎做為實證性研究,或進行合作模式與組織績效等相關性問題之更進一步研究。
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台灣投信的異業合作成長策略 / Taiwan Investment Trust's growth strategy紀乃介 Unknown Date (has links)
證券投資信託事業於台灣已發展30多年,產業發展已逐漸步入成熟階段。從參與的公司家數來看,國內投信有37家,境外基金業者有79家,總計已核准的基金數高達1,651支基金,已進入百家爭鳴的狀態。從台灣整體基金規模的成長趨勢來看,也有成長動能降低的現象,其中國內投信整體規模的成長力道更低於境外基金公司,面對境外基金公司在銷售通路(銀行、券商等)的強勢行銷,國內投信公司在面臨基金規模不易成長的障礙上,勢必要開發新市場、新產品或者新的異業合作模式。
投資型保險商品的投資帳戶累積高達新台幣1.45兆元的部位,每年有穩定的續期保費投入,商品的特性之一是保戶要自行承擔投資帳戶的損益,不論從投資帳戶資金規模、保戶的投資需求及業務員產品售後需提供長期服務等等,國內投信業者可將此部份當成基金規模成長的新市場。
個案投信公司分析保險業務員在銷售投資型保險商品所面對的挑戰,分析自己公司與產業競爭者的優劣勢,提出保險業務員銷售投資型商品的解決方案,以達到新的異業合作模式、新產品及新市場的開發,使個案投信的規模成長有新的動能。
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圖書館視障資源館藏書目共享制度之研究 / A study of bibliographies resource sharing in libraries by alternative format materials for the visually impaired陳宜慧, Chen, Yi Hui Unknown Date (has links)
國立臺灣圖書館於2012年12月啟用「視障電子資源整合查詢系統」,為視障資源整合開啟合作的開端,為瞭解臺灣地區提供視障資源服務的公共圖書館、大學圖書館及私立視障機構間之資源分享意向,本研究採取質性研究方法,以立意選擇視障資源服務較具規模者,共12個單位,以訪談方式進行研究調查。最後提出4個面向的研究建議,作為相關機構訂定計畫及服務之參考。
研究結果分為三個面向分述如下:
一、我國視障資源書目採集中式聯合目錄方式提供
(一)視障電子資源整合查詢系統:對機構而言,可避免重覆購買及重覆
製作,但需考量製作書籍所產生的時間差問題。對讀者來說,增加
了搜尋館藏的途徑,但是在介面上需要更加親和。
(二)視障機構參與視障資源館藏書目共享的意向與困難
1.訪談的12所機構均表示願意參與書目共享和合作:認為書目共享已可
滿足視障者找尋資料的需求,以及各館都有共識不重覆製作及錄製書
籍。
2.整合所遭遇的困難,是技術層面、心理層面及對整合所抱持的期待的
問題。
(1)書目的提供能以API方式介接,而API的經費能獲得補助。
(2)資源少的館希望盡快成立合作組織增加服務資源。
(3)館藏多的單位要求績效與回饋。
二、資源共享與館際互借
(一)電子全文難以共享,需要單一認證機制;實體書借用以瞽者文件方
式進行較有效率。
(二)訂定合作組織的目標、意義、角色與功能。
三、視障資源合作共享模式的建立:書目資源採用集中式,服務採用分
散式,專責圖書館需建立輔導機制
(一)書目資源採用集中式,服務採用分散式較為可行。
(二)視障資源的製作與錄製有其專業性,盲用電腦的不斷發展,二者都
需要專責圖書館的輔導與支援。 / National Taiwan Library launched Visual Impairment Information System in December 2012 which started the integration of visual impairment resources. To realize the intension of resources sharing in the public libraries, university libraries and private organizations which have alternative formats materials available in Taiwan. The study adopt qualitative interview research method, and choose 12 units which provide services to visually impaired people with quite scale.
The study gets results in three aspects:
I. Bibliographies of visually impaired materials are
offered by centralized union catalog.
1.Visual Impairment Information System:
First, it can be not to buy and produce materials in
duplicate with respect to organizations. But timing of
producing alternative materials is still need to be
considered. Second, there is another way to find
materials, but the interface of the system should be
more friendly with respect to readers.
2.The intensions and difficulties of sharing and
cooperation of visually impaired organizations.
(1)12 units have the same responses of willing to
participate in the cooperation:
The need can be satisfied with bibliographical sharing
when visually impaired people find materials. Every
organization has the same opinion not to produce and
to record books in duplicate.
(2)There are three aspects of difficulties of sharing and
cooperation: systematic, mental and expectant
difficulties.
1)Bibliographies can be connected and accessed by API
program, and the library designate provides the cost of
API program.
2)The organization with less resources hope to cooperate
as soon as possible to increase resources for
available.
3)The organization with rich resources demand for
performance, achievement and feedback.
II. Resources sharing and interlibrary loan
1.Electronic full-text materials are hard to share, and
access the materials with single authentication.
2.Providing home delivery service of print materials in
alternative formats and audio books will have been more
efficient.
3.Formulate the goals, meanings, roles and functions of
cooperated organizations.
III. The model of sharing and cooperation in visually
impaired resources
1.Centralized union catalog and distributed services are
recommended.
2.Producing materials in alternative formats is
professional. Blind-used computers are developing
continuously. Library designate should give advice,
assistance and supports.
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非營利組織結合企業進行募款之研究:以中華育幼機構兒童關懷協會為例郭家雯 Unknown Date (has links)
本研究旨在探討中華育幼機構兒童關懷協會(CCSA)結合企業進行募款之募款策略、募款合作模式與募款合作關係。非營利組織與企業結合的合作夥伴關係,可創造更多的社會福利,亦是政府仰賴的重要夥伴。發展跨組織的合作關係,讓社會資源被充分運用,藉以順利推動各種社會計畫方案。本文透過文獻分析與深度訪談的方式,呈現中華育幼機構兒童關懷協會在實務運作上與企業進行募款合作之策略、模式與合作關係所反映之特色與問題,嘗試提出對個案及後續研究之建議與改進之道。
本研究個案選擇對象係以關懷失家兒童之中華育幼機構兒童關懷協會為主,探討該協會與企業合作募款之實務經驗,對於其他領域的非營利組織難以含括全貌,因此,未來尚須進行更廣泛之研究與探討。然本研究探討非營利組織結合企業進行募款,跳脫雙方贊助與受領導的傳統關係,藉由個案豐富的實務經驗分析,嘗試提出非營利組織結合企業募款合作具體之道、可運用的募款合作模式、募款合作關係的經營及合作所創造的社會影響與價值。
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以下一代電信業營運系統軟體標準為核心以促成企業流程管理之電子化服務架構 / NGOSS-Centric Framework of Telecommunication e-Services Enabling Business Process Management周棟祥, Chou,Tung-Hsiang Unknown Date (has links)
隨著網際網路的發展,使得現實生活中隨處可見全球資訊網的應用,也因此改革了原有商業經營的面貌,尤其在電信產業中,許多企業開始將實體的商店模式,帶到虛擬的網際網路中,使得網際網路上的電子商務發展隨之增高,並帶給企業史無前例的經濟發展機會。起初電子商務的發展焦點在於客戶與企業的互動關係,漸漸的延伸到企業對企業的相互支援,而商業流程管理與服務導向架構的崛起,也使得電子商務的發展焦點轉移至發展整合商業流程的電子化服務議題上,更希望藉此提供給客戶更多元化、有用的功能服務。
電子商務與其資訊發展技術一直以來被電信業者所重視(例如中華電信、新加坡電信及美國電信技術等公司),並且開始在網際網路上建置專屬的電子商務環境。雖然在這些世界級電信公司的資訊環境中,都有其專屬的營運支援系統,但都缺乏共同標準的架構與流程設計方法,因此電信管理論壇組織開始進行下一代的營運支援系統規劃,稱之為「下一代營運系統軟體」。有很多的研究中心及廠商也提供以下一代營運系統軟體為主的相關服務,並以服務導向架構為基礎來協助整合商業流程。
在過去企業都利用人工的方式來整合內部相關的服務功能,並透過各種資訊整合技術將相關的工作連接起來,但是此種整合曠日廢時,僅侷限在某些專屬服務範圍,倘若要增加其他加值性服務,將會耗費更多的成本與時間。企業應用系統整合的出現就是要解決此類的整合性問題,透過點對點的介面方式,將各應用系統或程式連接起來。隨著多樣性服務需求與多種異質性系統的增加,讓企業應用系統整合服務已不能符合企業所需,因此開始將商業流程與服務導向架構觀念引入企業應用系統整合服務之中,希望能建置一個以流程為主的服務。商業流程與服務導向架構都具備有系統間的彈性連接與雙向溝通能力,藉由其所提供的電子服務,使得應用程式間可以相互溝通。
為了要有效地強化商業流程管理與服務導向架構的優點,本研究將使用企業服務匯流排來與中間軟體作一有效的結合,並維持以流程為中心的服務,提供給企業應用整合系統,所有的電子化服務皆能透過此管道來相互溝通。
在本論文中,我們將展示一個新的研究架構、共同合作模式及共同合作層級來闡述此研究,並利用三個實例來說明與驗證此架構之可行性,且把焦點放在如何以新一代營運系統軟體標準為基礎來發展國際性電信公司所關心的敏捷性電子化服務之研究。 / The Internet’s widespread popularity and the ubiquity of the World Wide Web have revolutionized the face of business, especially in the telecommunication industry. Many enterprises have moved their place of business from the physical store to the virtual store on the Internet. Therefore, electronic commerce (e-commerce) has sprung up in this era and has provided enterprises of all sizes with unprecedented opportunities for economic growth. Initially, electronic commerce focused only on business-to-customer web interaction and on business-to-business web interaction. With the emergence of business process management and of service-oriented architecture, the focus has shifted to the development of electronic services (e-services) that integrate business processes and that diversify functionalities available to customers.
The potential of electronic commerce and its information technology also has attracted some telecommunication corporations—for example, Chunghwa Telecom, Singtel Telecom, and AT&T. They have built their electronic commerce environment on the Internet, too. Most of these worldwide telecom corporations have many kinds of operations support systems (OSSs) in the backend environment. Hence, TeleManagement Forum (TMF) has started to consider the next generation of OSS which is called the New Generation Operations Systems and Software (NGOSS). There are also many vendors or research centers that consider how to provide the NGOSS-centric service to the users and to integrate the business process based on service-oriented architecture.
Initially, enterprises had to manually integrate services so that they could work together. However, this integration required considerable time and cost, and it worked only for the specific services that were manually linked. Adding additional services required even more effort. And then, enterprise application integration (EAI) solved these kinds of problems by working via point-to-point interfaces. As enterprises use more applications to provide additional services, the amount of integration that various tasks require to have mushroomed and the system has become hard to maintain.
In order to increase the performance of EAI, some enterprises have developed the concept of business process management and service-oriented architecture. The chief objective is to implement relevant process-centric services. Business process management and service-oriented architecture enable flexible connectivity and communication among applications by representing each as e-services that let applications communicate readily with one another.
In order to effectively strengthen business process management’s and service-oriented architecture’s benefits, we use an enterprise service bus (ESB) that, by functioning as middleware glue, holds process-centric services together and allows for communication between enterprise applications.
In this thesis, we present a research framework, a collaboration model, and a collaboration layers to describe the method. Then, we use several illustrations to explain the generality of our method, and we focus on how international telecom corporations have become to concern with the agility, the leanness, and the integration underlying e-services integration based on NGOSS.
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