自中國大陸改革開放以來，中國大陸吸引外來直接投資的政策就不斷提出，到了2009年，中國實際吸收的外商直接投資金額已達900.33億美元，超越美國而成為全球吸收外商直接投資最多的國家。2007年3月16日，中國大陸通過歷時數年研擬的「中華人民共和國企業所得稅法」，相關的實施條例於2007年12月16日公布，並於2008年1月1日實施，過去諸多租稅優惠均改適用新規定。根據我國經濟部的統計資料顯示，目前中國是我國對外投資最多的地區，且在2008年時，台商赴中國投資占我國對外總投資之比重達58%，根據過去的研究發現租稅優惠確實是多數台商赴中國投資的誘因之一，因此，大陸新企業所得稅法通過後，對於台商將失去廣泛享有的稅收減免及低稅率的優惠政策，大陸新企業所得稅法對台商之影響層面甚大。 因此，本研究欲探討之主題為大陸新企業所得稅法之規定是否會對台商產生影響，本研究實證結果發現：第一、大陸新企業所得稅法之規定會使得台商對大陸投資意願降低，且台商對大陸之投資比例自2007年大陸新企所稅法公布日之後會減少；第二、大陸新企所稅法之施行對台商電子業不會造成影響。整體而言，本研究結果與過去大陸企業所得法文獻所探討的一致，即中國大陸相關租稅優惠措施是影響台商投資意願因素之一，大陸新企業所得稅法之規定會使得台商赴大陸投資意願降低。 / Since the reform and opening-up in China began, more and more policy to attract foreign direct investment has been continually proposed in China. By 2009, the amount of the foreign direct investment in China has reached 90.033 billion U.S. dollars, surpassing the U.S. and any other countries in the world. Nowadays, China attracts the largest amount of the foreign direct investment in the world. On March 16, 2007, a new law— “Enterprise Income Tax Law of the People’s Republic of China”– was eventually approved in China. Later, implementation clauses of this law were announced on December 16, 2007, and then implemented on January 1, 2008. As a result, numerous tax incentives, which were applied in the past, now need to be changed to fulfill these new requirements. The statistics provided by Taiwan’s Ministry of Economic Affairs shows that, Taiwan’s foreign investment was mainly invested into China; moreover, in Taiwan’s total foreign investment in 2008, the percentage of Taiwanese investment in China is up to 58 percent. According to the previous finding, it shows that tax preferences is one of the major incentives to motivate Taiwanese businessmen to invest in China. Therefore, after the new Enterprise Income Tax Law is issued, a wide range of Taiwan companies will lose their advantages in tax breaks and low tax rates. It is obvious that the new Enterprise Income Tax Law of China greatly influences Taiwanese businessmen. Therefore, this study aims to investigate whether the new China Enterprise Income Tax Act has an impact on Taiwanese businessmen. The empirical study of this survey shows two findings: first, China’s provisions of the new enterprise income tax law will diminish Taiwan businessmen's investment in China, and the proportion of Taiwanese investment in China has been decreased since China announced new enterprise income tax law in 2007; second, the implementation of China new tax law does not affect Taiwanese electronics industry. To sum up, the results of this study have agreement with the view of previous literature about China new enterprise tax law. That is, China tax-related incentives is one of the factors to affect the motivation of Taiwan investment in China. Provisions of the new enterprise income tax law will discourage Taiwan businessmen’s will to invest in China.

本研究分成兩部分，研究對象為中國大陸之上市公司，第一部分以2004至2009年之財務資料，探討2008年中國大陸企業所得稅法之實施對中國大陸上市公司平均有效稅率之影響；第二部分以1998至2009年之財務資料，探討中國大陸上市公司是否為了因應企業所得稅法實施對有效稅率的影響，而從事租稅誘因盈餘管理之行為。 第一部分之實證結果發現，中國大陸上市公司之平均有效稅率在2008年企業所得稅法實施後有顯著的下降，表示中國大陸上市公司之有效稅率隨著名目稅率降低而下降。外資持股比例超過20%之上市公司（定義為外資企業），其2008年後之有效稅率上升，且內外資企業之其平均有效稅率之差異有縮小之趨勢。屬於高科技產業之上市公司在2008年企業所得稅法實施後，其有效稅率並未下降；但與除了農林牧漁業外之其他產業相比，高科技產業之上市公司其有效稅率較低。第二部分之實證結果發現，在2008年有效稅率下降之上市公司，其於2008年後的裁決性應計項目較大，有將盈餘遞延認列之傾向。 / This study consists of two research issues. The first part uses the financial statement and capital structure data of China listed companies from 2004 to 2009, to investigate the effects of the implementation of the Law of the People’s Republic of China on Enterprise Income Tax in 2008(hereafter 2008 Income Tax Law). And the second part which uses the financial and capital structure data of China listed companies from 1998 to 2009 investigates if China listed companies take the action of earnings management in response to the implementation of the 2008 Income Tax Law. The empirical findings of the first part show that the average ETRs of China listed companies declined after the implementation of the 2008 Income Tax Law. The listed companies whose proportion of foreign ownership is above 20% (defined as foreign enterprises) increased ETRs after 2008 and the differences in ETRs between domestic enterprises and foreign enterprises are reduced gradually. Further, the average ETRs of China listed companies of information technology industry do not appear to be decreased after the implementation of the 2008 Income Tax Law. However, besides the agriculture, forestry, herding, fishery industries, listed companies of information technology industries remain to have lower average ETRs after implementation of the 2008 Income Tax Law. The empirical findings of the second part show that China listed companies whose average ETRs decreased in 2008 appeared to have greater discretionary accruals after 2008, suggesting those companies shifting earnings to 2008.