本研究主要是探討消費者對「無形服務」的外部資訊搜尋行為。根據文獻回顧，將影響外部資訊搜尋的決定因素分為四類：成本效益因素（預期搜尋利益、時間壓力及財務壓力）、消費者心理層面因素（涉入程度及知覺風險）、中介層面因素（消費者知識經驗）以及人口統計變項（性別、年齡、教育程度及所得水準）來分析與外部資訊搜尋行為之間的關係。而研究標的則選擇婚紗攝影業，乃因婚紗攝影在每個人的一生中具有其重要含意，加上產品屬較高價位，故消費者在決定選購之前，會有較明顯的資訊搜尋行為。 本研究採郵寄問卷的方式來搜集樣本，並以複迴歸分析、因徑分析、雙因子變異數分析、及對比檢定來進行統計分析。盼能藉此研究一方面提供服務業一個消費者行為的分析架構，以助其擬定較佳的行銷策略；另一方面希望將「有形產品」的消費者資訊搜尋行為研究延伸至「無形服務」，並與過去在「有形產品」方面的研究結果做一比較，以供未來學術研究參考。 而實證結果發現，心理層面的因素包括消費者涉入程度及消費者知覺風險對外部資訊搜尋行為的解釋力最高。且各層面外部資訊搜尋決定因素與「主觀」的資訊搜尋行為之間的關連性與解釋能力較「客觀」的資訊搜尋行為來得強。此外，雖然以往文獻中所提的資訊搜尋決定因素在本研究中各層面逐一檢定時顯著性多半獲得支持，但合併檢驗時，在客觀資訊搜尋行為方面，只有預期利益、消費者涉入程度兩者呈顯著；在主觀資訊搜尋行為方面則僅有涉入程度及知識經驗呈顯著，可見決定消費者對無形服務的資訊搜尋行為決定因素只有關鍵的幾項，並非所有變數均為決定因素。 在中介層面變項－消費者知識經驗的檢定方面，本研究結果支持了「消費者知識經驗」是其涉入程度與主觀外部資訊搜尋努力程度的中介變項，亦即消費者的涉入程度是透過其消費者知識經驗來影響其主觀外部資訊搜尋努力程度之高低。 而在自變數間交互作用的分析方面，消費者涉入程度與知覺風險具加乘效果，亦即涉入程度高且知覺風險高的消費者其外部資訊搜尋行為會較其他消費者來得多。此外，本研究亦證明了高涉入的消費者其主觀外部搜尋行為與其知識經驗之間的關係為倒Ｕ型。 / This thesis examines the determinants of consumer information search forintangible goods.The emperical model includes such factors that influence the consumer external search behavior: perceiced benefits, time cost, financial cost, invlovement, perceiced risk, knowledge, age, gender,and income. The results find that the main determinant factor are involvement and perceived benefit.

現今服務業的在產業的比重已經越來越高，而服務業生產與消費不可分割的特性導致了顧客參與成為服務流程中不可避免的一件事情。Bitner, Faranda, Hubbert, and Zeithaml (1997)亦認為顧客在服務流程中扮演服務品質、價值與滿意度的貢獻者。本研究整合各學者對顧客參與服務流程的價值創造觀點，並加入顧客參與前因之探討，發展成一個整合的模型。透過對婚紗攝影顧客的問卷調查，得以驗證本研究模型之理論。 　　本研究結果證實了Chan, Yim, and Lam (2010)的觀點，發現顧客參與並無法直接對顧客滿意度產生影響，而是需要透過服務品質的提升與關係的建立，才能進一步提高顧客之滿意度。並發現產品客製化、顧客控制以及經驗價值對於顧客滿意度的提升則不顯著，顯示即使是對顧客有利的價值創造，亦不見得能轉換為顧客滿意度。最後，本研究在顧客參與前因的部分，發現顧客知覺支持不僅對於顧客參與有增強的作用，並且會直接影響到顧客滿意度。顧客自我效能感對於顧客參與也有好的預測效果。顧客角色明確在理論中對於顧客參與有正面之影響，在本研究中的效果卻不顯著。 　　本研究根據研究結果對高顧客參與類型的服務廠商提出以下幾點建議。首先，企業應將顧客視為服務品質、價值與滿意度的貢獻者。第二，服務廠商在資源分配上，應著重資源於服務品質的提升以及與顧客建立關係上。第三，服務廠商在服務生產開始之前能夠提供越完整的資訊越好，適時地在顧客參與過程中給予激勵，並且展現對顧客的重視，都有助於顧客參與程度的提升。最後，服務人員在服務流程中扮演重要的角色，服務廠商在人才的培育上應不遺餘力。 / The proportion of the service sector in the industry today has become increasingly high. And because the production and consumption of many services are inseparable, customer participation in the service process is an inevitable issue. Bitner, Faranda, Hubbert, and Zeithaml (1997) also consider that customers play roles in the service delivery system as contributors to their own satisfaction and the quality and value which they receive. This study integrates views of the value creation of customer participation in the service process from past researches. Using data collected from customers who bought wedding photography services, this study examines how customer participation drives customer satisfaction through customer values; moreover, this study examines the antecedents of customer participation. 　　The result shows that customer participation does not cause customer satisfaction directly, but rather through the upgrading of service quality and relationship building, which supports the view of Chan, Yim, and Lam (2010). The study also finds that product customization, customer control, and experience value do not have significant help for increasing customer satisfaction. At the part of antecedents of customer participation, the study shows: (1) perceived support for customers not only enhances the level of customer participation, and has a direct impact on customer satisfaction; (2) customer self-efficacy is a good predictor of customer participation behavior. The effect of customer role clarity for customer participation is not significant in this study, but we should still consider the effect to be positive due to past researches. 　　The findings have several implications for firms that need high level of customer participation. First, companies should not see customers only as productive resources, but as contributors to service quality, customer value and customer satisfaction. Second, service firms should allocate resources to focus on enhancing service quality and building relationships with customers. Third, the service firms should provide as complete information as possible before the service production starts, encourage customers during the service process, and let the customer feel valued, in order to increase the degree of customer participation. Finally, the service personnel play an important role in the process of service delivery, so that service firms should spare no effort to nurture service talents.