本研究旨在探討大學生不同依附風格與不同性別，對創造力情意之影響。研究過程採問卷調查法，研究對象為台北縣市八間大學的一到四年級學生，總共回收問卷370份。研究工具採用「依附風格量表」與自編之「創造力情意量表」，並將所得資料以SPSS統計軟體雙因子共變數分析進行分析處理。 本研究結果有以下五點：(一)新編「創造力情意量表」總共37題，整體信度為.893；(二)在性別與依附型態的分佈中，男大學生較多矛盾依附型，女大學生則有較多逃避依附型；(三)在「情意整體」與「好奇心」中，安全依附型與矛盾依附型的得分皆顯著高於逃避依附型，「想像力」之中三者並無差異，在「冒險性」與「挑戰性」中則是安全依附型高於非安全依附型；(四)不同性別只有在「好奇心」中有所差異，男大學生自認其好奇心高於女大學生。(五)依附風格與性別的交互作用並不會對創造力情意產生影響。 本研究根據上述結果提出建議，以供未來研究或教育心理及諮商輔導之參考。 / The purpose of this research was to assess the influence of attachment style and sex to creative affective among college students. In this research , questionnaire survey was adopted. The subjects consisted 370 valid sampling from eight Universities in Taipei. The tools adopted included Attachment Styles, Creative Affective Scale. The data was analyzed by descriptive statistics method,two-way Anova by SPSS. The major findings were as follows: 1.The new Creative Affective Scale had 37 items, and the reliability of this scale was .893 2.Among attachment style and sex, male students had much more ambivalent the female, and female had more avoidance attachment than male. 3.(1) The scores in secure and ambivalent attachment were remarkable higher than avoidance attachment in total creative affective scores and curiosity. (2) There was no remarkable differences between attachment style on “imaginative”. (3) The scores in secure attachment was remarkable higher than non-secure attachment in ”adventure”and “challenge”. 4.There were remarkable differences between different gender students only on “curiosity”. Male think they were more curious than female. 5.The interaction of attachment style and sex had no remarkable influence in creative affective. According to the findings, the study made suggestions to be referred to in the academic researches and the educational counseling in the futher.

国立情報学研究所で電子化したコンテンツを使用している。

国立情報学研究所で電子化したコンテンツを使用している。

國內通說將因果歷程偏離當作構成要件錯誤的一種類型。認為因果歷程作為故意認識的對象；並且對於因果歷程重要部分沒有認識，則阻卻故意。德國實務所提出的重要性理論（相當性概念與其他正當化評價事由之欠缺）是建立起國內通說看法的主因。不過，近年德國學界普遍對這種說法提出質疑，認為因果歷程偏離不再是「心理事實」的問題，而是「規範評價」的問題。因而從過去的錯誤理論漸漸轉向歸責理論。對於因果歷程偏離的難題也從「故意」範疇轉向「故意歸責」的範疇。在故意歸責層次下，德國學界提出幾種具體的處理方式，但都不脫離傳統部分主客觀對應的看法。本文認為透過檢驗行為人主觀與客觀事實間是否一致（或者部分一致），無助於解決因果歷程偏離的難題。結論上，本文提出一個嶄新的想法—「獨立評價說」，期待能適當且方便的解決因果歷程偏離的問題。 / The general opinion in Taiwan’s academia considers the error of causal course as an error occurred in the composing elements of a crime. The academia is also of the opinion that the intent of crime shall include the essential parts of the causal course. If any such part is left out of account, the intent of crime shall also be excluded. The theory of essentiality (Theorie der Wesentlichkeit) brought forward by the German court is the main fundation for the opinion of Taiwan’s academia. German authors have questioned this theory in the recent years. They hold that the problem of deviation of causal course is rather a problem of norm assessment rather than a problem of psychological facts. Thus the past fallacy has been gradually replaced by the theory of attribution of intention, and the research on deviation of causal course which was undertaken under the category of intention has also been changed to the category of attribution of intention. As regards the attribution of intention, the German authors have developed some specific approaches to solve the error of the chain of causation. Nevertheless, these resolutions are much the same, for they all emphasize a partial coincidence between the intent and the real causal course. As a conclusion, the author claims that the coincidence can't solve the problem of deviation of causal course, and proposes a new theory, - the theory of independent assessment, with the hope of facilitating the research of the problem of deviation of causal course.

本論文研究伊恩．麥克尤恩的《贖罪》、《愛無可忍》及《星期六》這三部小說中的同情與想像力。第一章仔細爬梳亞當．史密斯的哲學文本《道德情感論》，並闡述幾個重要概念如同情與想像力、公正觀察者的角色、同情與戲劇性質、及同情與敘事。第二章運用史密斯的同情與想像力的概念來檢視《贖罪》這部小說，並指出布萊妮最初反映了史密斯式的同情概念，但在她贖罪的過程中，她實踐了自我反省及自我批判的另一層次的同情。第三章從演化、利他主義及同情的觀點來閱讀《愛無可忍》這部小說。敘述者喬．羅斯所面臨的拯救小孩及保存自己性命的道德兩難彰顯出利他行動與利己行為間的衝突。本章以史密斯的同情概念來解釋小說中約翰．羅根的利他主義，並呈現出同情與利他行為的關連性。本章指出同情並非完全是利他的情感展現，同情實際上包含了利己與利他的動機。第四章檢視《星期六》中同情與敘事的關係，並闡述貝羅安對其病人泰勒伯的同情與泰勒伯透過口述去敘述其在伊拉克所遭遇的苦難具有關連性。本章並分析貝羅安在聆聽黛絲朗誦馬修．阿諾的多佛海灘詩集時所展現的同情與想像力。本章最後聚焦在貝羅安對巴克斯特的同情，並指出貝羅安對巴克斯特的仁慈實際上強化了同情者與被同情者之間微妙的權力關係。 / The dissertation aims to study the concept of sympathy and imagination in Ian McEwan’s three novels Atonement, Enduring Love and Saturday. In the first chapter, Adam Smith’s philosophical text, Theory of Moral Sentiments, is carefully scrutinized. The chapter includes several key ideas such as sympathy and imagination, the role of the impartial spectator, sympathy and its theatrical quality, and sympathy and narratives. In the second chapter, I use Smith’s concept of sympathy and imagination to examine McEwan’s Atonement and propose that Briony’s sympathy at first reflect Smith’s model of sympathy, but in the process of her atoning for her crime, Briony achieves a new level of sympathy which is more self-reflected and self-critical. Chapter Three reads Enduring Love from the perspective of evolution, altruism and sympathy. The narrator Joe Rose’s moral dilemma between saving the child and preserving his own life dramatizes the conflict between altruistic actions and self-interested behaviors. Smith’s idea of sympathy is employed to account for John Logan’s altruism and the connection between sympathy and altruistic acts is then presented. The chapter shows that sympathy is not an other-oriented emotion but a sentiment that contains both self-interested and other-interested motives. Chapter Four looks at the relation between sympathy and narratives, and demonstrates how Perowne’s sympathy to his patient Taleb is related to Taleb’s oral report of suffering in Iraq. It then analyzes Perowne’s sympathy and imagination during Daisy’s recitation of Matthew Arnold’s Dover Beach. The final section focuses on Perowne’s sympathetic sentiments to Baxter, arguing that Perowne’s benevolence to Baxter only highlights the subtle power relationship between the sympathizer and the sympathized.