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中俄戰略協作夥伴關係研究〈1996-2004年〉傅國良 Unknown Date (has links)
後冷戰時期,國際局勢呈現「一超多強」的格局,各國在不同領域合縱連橫,意識形態不再是決定國際關係的因素,取而代之是追求區域的經濟整合互利和安全上的合作與保障。與此同時,歐洲政經整合進程持續深化,亞洲經濟持續快速成長,而中國和俄羅斯是東北亞區域變動最爲激烈的兩個大國。
美國在歐洲所主導的北約東擴,在地緣上壓縮俄羅斯戰略版圖,威脅俄羅斯的國家安全;同時又對中國採行「既交往又圍堵」的策略,1997年年底與日本於發表「美日新防衛合作指針」(The U.S.-Japan Guidelines for Defense Cooperation of 1997),期藉日本分擔亞太地區安全維護的責任及美國駐軍的軍費負擔,並設法削弱中國在國際政經體系的地位與影響力。
從權力平衡的角度而言,中俄兩國建立「戰略協作夥伴關係」,基於各自的「國家利益」,期望在週邊建立「睦鄰地帶」並積極改善與週邊國家的關係,主張在國際關係中建立平等的夥伴關係,反對美國建立「單極世界」的企圖,希望能有個穩定的內外環境,俾能便於全面發展經濟;在國際事務中,兩國在1997年簽署《中俄關於世界多極化和建設國際新秩序的聯合聲明》,維護推動世界走向「多極化」的方向,建立穩定的國際關係體系,並就當前國際的形勢評估與對策做一比較。
其次,就中俄「戰略協作夥伴關係」發展原因、進程與限制因素,以及探討「戰略協作夥伴關係」對全球局勢、亞太地區與台灣安全的影響;而我國在面對俄國對中國軍售,所應採取對策與相關作為。此外,中俄兩國在區域、雙邊和國際領域存在著共同利益,維護兩國邊界和周邊地區的安全環境,需要相互倚重,兩國在經濟須相互協調合作;同時主張多極化的國際格局,綜合來看兩國關係的發展,大體上抱持著審慎樂觀的態度,即雙邊關係應該會循著目前的軌道繼續邁進,儘管存在著局部干擾,但均不足以影響大方向的發展。此外,中共在推動「大國外交」與「和平發展」的同時,無論在政治、外交、軍事上都希望成為區域內具有影響力的一極,在對台政策上也以「阻獨促統」和「和戰兩手」為原則,在美國對中俄兩國「軟圍堵」與各大國仍對兩國戰略匯合抱著存疑態度,台灣要掌握契機,強化二軌外交與美中台三邊的關係。在政治上要繼續堅持民主,並積極尋找跨越西方各民主國家之間的共通點,大力發揮民主、自由、人權等普世的價值體系,在經濟上要保持持續的成長,方能受到美國、歐盟等西方國家的重視。
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冷戰後俄中軍事交流對台海安全之衝擊黃松源 Unknown Date (has links)
1991年12月25日蘇聯正式解體,俄羅斯聯邦作為原蘇聯主要繼承國登上歷史舞台,冷戰的兩極格局也就此結束,俄羅斯為了要全面繼承過去蘇聯在國際間的地位,接管其部隊、武器及軍事設施,另為謀求俄羅斯整體經濟不致崩盤,大量釋出過盛的武器裝備及技術,如此給了中國擴充軍備、接收武器裝備的機會,也直接形成了中國武力崛起,衝擊著西太平洋的安全秩序及台海兩岸的安全。本文旨在就1991年冷戰結束暨蘇聯解體後,克里姆林宮兩任總統對中國的外交、軍事政策及作為,探討台海兩岸因軍事力量失衡所產生的衝擊。
另一方面,隨著冷戰結束、蘇聯解體,美、蘇對抗的終結,崛起的中國成為美國全球戰略的潛在競爭者,尤其是中國自1993年起,從俄羅斯獲得先進武器科技,也取得導彈、雷射、太空系統的先進材料和製造技術,點出中國急欲建構新世紀戰力的企圖心,也對台海兩岸的局勢增添更多的不穩定因素及不安全感。究竟對台海安全造成的衝擊有多大?本論文試圖探討中國在此期間軍事上的獲利及武力上的增長,對海峽兩岸的均勢是否產生變化,以及產生何種變化?本論文依據上述問題,設計相對應之章節,其各章節架構如下:第一章緒論。第二章俄中軍事交流的背景分析。第三章:冷戰後俄中軍事交流概況。第四章:俄中軍事交流對台海安全之衝擊。第五章:俄中軍事交流對台海安全之衝擊:我國因應對策。第六章:結論。 / Russia, the former Soviet Union major successor, stepped on world history stage after Soviet Union collapsed on Dec 25, 1991, which also drew an end for the cold war era. In order to inherit Soviet Union’s international position, to take over troop and weapon and military installations, and to manage to prevent its economy collapse. Russia had released its over produced weaponry and technology. The technology transformation and weaponry releasing led Mainland China a chance to expand its military strength and brought China’s military strength rising abruptly. The situation affects the security of the Western Pacific Ocean and Taiwan Strait. This study aims on the foreign and military policy of Kremlin toward China after the collapse of Soviet Union and the impact of ROC’s inclining military power between two sides of Taiwan Strait.
On the other hand, with the end of cold war and the concluded confrontation between U.S and U.S.S.R, the rising China turned out to be the potential global strategic enemy to United States. Especially China, since1993, obtained the cutting edge military technology, the advanced material and manufacture technique for guiding missile, laser and space system from Russia. This transformation pointed out that China’s keen to build a new modern military in the 21 century. The situation also created the unstable factor and insecure feeling between cross strait and no one can predict what impact will it arouse? This study is to analysis on: Will the PRC’s military strength expansion varies the cross strait situation and what variation wills it happen? According to above theory the structure of this thesis is designed as follow: Chapter One: Introduction. Chapter Two: Analysis on Russia–Chain’s military exchange background. Chapter Three: The post cold war general situation of Russia–Chain’s military Exchange. Chapter four: The impact on Taiwan Strait security by Russia–Chain’s military exchange. Chapter Five: The proper way to deal with the impact of Russia–Chian’s military exchange Chapter six: Conclusion.
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中共「新安全觀」與「中」俄戰略協作夥伴關係 / China's New Security Concept and Sino-Russian Strategic Relationship魯維廉, Lu, Wei-Lien Unknown Date (has links)
No description available.
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冷戰後時期「中俄戰略協作夥伴關係」之形成與探析 / The Formation and Analysis: Sino-Russian Partnership of Strategic Coordination in the Post Cold War Era黃振祥, Huang , Martin Unknown Date (has links)
本文之目的在於探討冷戰後時期「中俄戰略協作夥伴關係」(Sino-Russian Partnership of Strategic Coordination)對戰略三角政治互動的意涵及其對台海安全的可能影響與衝擊。本文將以「系統理論研究途徑」(System Theory Approach)作為中心分析概念架構(central organizing concept)進行研究分析。
冷戰結束後,隨著蘇聯解體,冷戰時期的兩極格局已不復存在,大國之間的關係實行了相對的調整。在新的國際格局中,中國與俄羅斯兩國基於遏制「北約東擴」和防止「美日安保」條約的圍堵(Containment),雙方除了極力倡導多極化國際體系外,並進一步建立「戰略協作夥伴關係」,冀由強化雙邊的多層面關係,來共同對抗「美國霸權」局面。
中俄戰略協作夥伴關係之建立為新世紀中、俄兩國關係的發展奠定了良好基礎。10年來,中俄關係發展相當順利。1992年-2001年,中俄關係的發展,連續上了四個台階,這就是:(一)92年「互視為友好國家關係」;(二)94年「建設性夥伴關係」;(三)96年「戰略協作夥伴關係」。在此以後,中俄戰略協作夥伴關係在實踐中不斷得到充實和發展。(四)2001年7月中俄雙方簽署了一份歷史性文件「中俄睦鄰友好合作條約」(China-Russia Good-neighborhood, Friendship and Cooperation Treaty),標誌雙方關係又進入一個新的發展階段。
在冷戰時期,中國、蘇聯與美國的戰略三角關係是影響國際政治變動的主要因素。蘇聯解體後,中俄關係發生重大變化,兩國已建立一個面向二十一世紀的戰略協作夥伴關係。作為冷戰後時期的世上唯一超強,美國非常關注中俄軍事合作面向之擴大。對美國而言,中國與俄羅斯為其全球戰略部署兩個最重要的國家,它們的重要性是因為它們的幅員、經濟潛力和軍事力量。其中最值得注意的是,中俄雙方在軍事和技術層面的合作,包括俄羅斯對中國的軍售。美國擔心中俄發展戰略協作夥伴關係,會導致中國軍力的增強,以及亞太區域「權力平衡」(Balance of Power)之改變。
本文認為,中俄戰略協作夥伴關係,就短程而言: 中俄「戰略匯合」(the Strategic Convergence between China and Russia)將使中俄在「政治」、「經濟」、「軍事」、「外交戰略」等合作面向獲得若干程度的「實質利益」(substantial interests)。同時中俄戰略協作夥伴關係之條約化將對美國在亞太區域戰略地位造成影響,從而衝擊到台海均勢與安全。然而,就長程而言: 未來中俄戰略協作夥伴關係發展,顯然仍有其「地緣政治」、「歷史上陰影」因素之侷限。
關鍵字: 中國、俄羅斯、系統理論分析途徑、現實主義、
國家利益、戰略三角互動、中俄戰略協作夥伴關係 / The purpose of this study is to explore the impact of the“Sino-Russian Partnership of Strategic Coordination” in the Post Cold War Era, on the strategic triangle politics and its implication for the security and balance of power across the Taiwan Straits. In this thesis, the “System Theory Approach” will be the central organizing concept, applied to the analysis.
After the Cold War, the bi-polar system has been broken since the collapse of the USSR. Relations among great powers were adjusted accordingly. PRC and Russia initiated multi-polar system and become“Partnership of Strategic Coordination ” to resist the “American hegemony”
It has laid a solid foundation for the development of Sino-Russian relations in the new century. In the past ten years, Sino-Russian relations witnessed a smooth progress. From 1992-2001, the relations progressed from“Friendly neighbors” to “Constructive partnership” to“Partnership of strategic coordination”. Since then,“China-Russia Good-neighborhood, Friendship and Cooperation Treaty”signed by the PRC and the Russia Federation in July 2001, marked a new era in the development of bilateral relations.
The Sino-Soviet-US triangular relations were the most dominant factor which affected the change of international politics in the Cold War period. After the disintegration of the Soviet Union, the Sino-Russian relations have developed to a certain degree that the two countries have established a strategic partnership aimed at the 21st century. As the sole world super power, the United States is wary of Expanded Sino-Russian military cooperation. For the US, China and Russia are the two most important countries in the world. Their importance is derived from their size, their economic potential, and their military power. The US is much concerned about the development of Sino-Russian Strategic relations which may lead to a buildup of China’s military power and a change of Asia-pacific “Balance of Power”.
It is believed in this study that,“Sino-Russian Partnership of Strategic Coordination,” in the short term: “The Strategic Convergence between China and Russia,” China and Russia will gain to some degree the substantial interests from the bilateral cooperation, such as “Political” ,“Economic ”,“Military”,“Foreign Policy Strategy.”At the same time, the stipulation of the mechanism of Chinese-Russo partnership in the treaty will create impact on the US strategic position in the Taiwan Straits and security of Taiwan. Nevertheless, in the long term: In the future, the development of” Chinese-Russo strategic partnership” still has its limits in the terms of “Geopolitical” and “ Historical Shadow” conditions.
Key word: China, Russia, System Theory Approach, Realism, National Interest, Strategic Triangle Interaction,
Sino-Russian Partnership of Strategic Coordination
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