本研究在探討新北市九年級的學生在七、八年級的數學課程內容上，有哪些解題上的差異(參考本文第一章第三節名詞解釋)。依據民國97年教育部修訂之九年一貫課程綱要數學能力指標，設計15題計算題，並隨機抽樣新北市五所學校九年級學生進行施測，經統計答題結果並輸入統計軟體TESTER for Windows 2.0版與SPSS 15.0中文版，得出結論歸納如以下五點： 一、不同的性別，在解題能力上，男生的答題表現明顯優於女生的只有在以下三個部份：關於價格打折的折數比例概念、複雜的乘法公式計算，以及空間圖形概念，其餘的部分沒有顯著差異。整體而言，男生的解題能力只比女生略好一點點，但並未發現有顯著的差異。 二、看起來計算複雜的題目，若需要善用解題技巧(特別是乘法公式)才容易解的出來，學生的答題表現會相當的不好。 三、解方程式的題目，學生的答題表現較佳，特別是二元一次聯立方程式的題目，會比一元一次方程式和一元二次方程式來的更好。 四、在國中七、八年級的數學課程內容，學生的答題表現最差的在於以下兩點： (一)將等差數列、等差級數的公式活用，解決生活上相關的問題。 (二)利用特殊三角形的性質，找出三角形全等的條件，證明出題目所要求的邊或角。 五、同樣都是幾何的題目，學生們對勾股定理的答題表現，會比利用特殊三角形的性質求角度，以及利用三角形全等求邊或角這兩種題目，表現得更好。 / The purpose of this study is to discuss what different ways the 9th graders use on solving the seventh and eighth's math questions in New Taipei City. According to Competence Indicators or Benchmarks of math in "Grade 1-9 Curriculum", the researcher designed 15 questions and random sampled 9th graders from five schools in New Taipei City. By analyzing these data through statistic software, TESTER for Windows 2.0 and SPSS 15.0, the researcher drew conclusions from evidence as follows: 1. About the ability to solve problems, boys just did a little better than the girls but the statistic result didn’t achieve significant difference. However, the result showed that boys actually did better than girls on three parts of the math problems – discount ratio concept, complex multiplication formula, and spatial concept. 2. Students couldn’t do very well on those problems along with complicated calculation, especially when they need to use the multiplication formula. 3. Questions about equation, students could have better performance. Besides, they could do better on linear equation in two variables than first degree polynomial in one variables and quadratic equation. 4. In math curriculums of the 7th and 8th grade, students did the worst on the following two points: (1) Solve the associated problems in their life by making good use of the formula of arithmetic progression and arithmetic series. (2) Find out conditions of congruent triangles by using the character of special triangle and prove the triangle side or angle what the question asks for. 5. When it comes to geometric questions, compared with these two kinds of questions - getting the angle by using the character of special triangles and getting a triangle side or the angle by congruent triangles, students can do better on answering Pythagorean theorem.

面對環境快速變動的壓力下，組織必須持續採取不同的類型的措施，以提升組織的競爭力,而調整組織結構與人力配置是必要手段之一，2009年行政院核定通過臺北縣、臺中縣市、臺南縣市、高雄縣市之改制計畫，連同現有之臺北市，其目標是希望能帶動周邊區域的均衡發展與提高國家競爭力，因此臺北縣於2010年正式升格為直轄市，並定名為「新北市」。 本研究目的主要在探討新北市議會組織改制後，其組織變革認知對組織承諾所產生的影響，並以新北市議會所有員工為對象，透過問卷普查方式蒐集相關資料，本研究經由文獻探討，建立研究架構，提出研究假設，並以「組織變革認知量表」、「組織承諾量表」二部份作為測量工具，以探討新北市議會員工對組織變革認知與組織承諾的程度。 本研究方法主要採用因素分析、描述性統計、t檢定、單因子變異數分析法、皮爾森積差相關、迴歸分析，檢測各變項間是否具顯著差異、相關與影響，並將其研究結果提供新北市議會相關單位作為提升組織承諾的參考，其研究發現如下： 1.不同性別、職位層級、教育程度、任職官等的員工在組織變革認知有顯著差異。 2.不同性別、服務年資、教育程度在組織承諾有顯著差異。 3.組織變革認知與組織承諾有顯著正向相關。 4.組織變革認知對組織承諾有顯著正向影響。 / Under the pressure of rapid environmental change, organizations need to take different types of measures constantly to improve their competitiveness. Adjusting organizational structure and human resources deployment is one of the necessary means. In 2009, Executive Yuan approved the reforming plans of Taipei County, Taichung, Tainan and Kaohsiung to upgrade them to the same level as Taipei City. The goal is to drive the balanced development around these regions and promote national competitiveness. Thus Taipei County was officially restructured into municipality directly under the jurisdiction of the Central Government in 2010 and renamed as “New Taipei City”. The purpose of this research is to explore the correlations between perception of organizational reformation and organizational commitment after organizational reformation of New Taipei City Council. Therefore, this study selected all staff of New Taipei City Council as the research subject and handed out surveys to collect related data. The structure and hypotheses were presented through literature review. The measuring instruments used included “The Scale of Perception of Organizational Reformation” and “The Scale of Organizational Commitment”. Then, the degree on the New Taipei City Council staff toward perception of organizational reformation and organizational commitment was explored. Factor Analysis, Descriptive Statistics, T test, One Way ANOVA, Pearson Correlation Analysis, and Regression Analysis were used to examine the significant difference, correlation and effect among variables. The result of this research will be offered to the relevant department in New Taipei City Council as a reference in order to improve the organizational commitment of the staff. The following are findings of this research: 1.There are significant differences in perception of organizational reformation among staff of different genders, official hierarchy, educational levels and official ranks. 2.There are significant differences in organizational commitment among staff of different genders, work years and educational levels. 3.There is a significant positive correlation between perception of organizational reformation and organizational commitment. 4.Perception of organizational reformation has significant positive effects to organizational commitment.

人口總數居全台之冠之新北市，2011至2015年轄內共發生610起火災案件，其中住宅火災案件計有292起，佔案件總數約48%，顯示住宅火災問題日顯重要，本研究以新北市2011~2015年的火災統計資料為研究樣本，從時間因素（涵蓋發生星期、發生季節以及發生時段）、建物特性（包括建物樓層、建物類別以及建物結構）與起火處所(包含臥室、客廳、廚房、神龕及其他)、起火原因中瞭解住宅火災案件資料的分佈狀況，並以卡方檢定獨立性檢定進行各變項間的關聯性分析，另透過訪談第一線救災指揮官，彙整實務意見，驗證統計分析結果，達成本研究欲暸解新北市近5年住宅火災案件資料分佈狀況及其時間因素、建物特性、起火處所相關情形之目的。 研究結果發現，2011~2015年新北市轄內住宅火災主要發生在冬季及夏季，5樓以下、鋼筋混凝土結構的集合住宅，更應加強上班日日間(6~18時)防火，住宅中臥室、客廳發生電氣設備引燃火災的高峰；進一步將住宅火災因素進行卡方獨立性檢定之關聯性分析，研究結果顯示時空因素與建築物因素之間具顯著關聯性：發生星期與建築物結構之間、發生晝夜時段與建築物樓層之間，表示鋼筋混凝土結構於上班日發生火災之比例較高、5樓以下的建築物，日間時段發生火災之比例較高，本文最後提出相應的實務建議。

本研究旨在探討新北市國小教師組織學習與學校創新經營之研究。研究目的有： 一、瞭解目前新北市國民小教師學習組織、學校創新經營之現況。 二、探討新北市國民小學不同背景教師、學校背景變項在教師學習組織、學校創新經營現況上之差異情形。 三、分析新北市國民小學，教師學習組織與學校創新經營之間的關係。 四、探究新北市國民小學教師學習組織對學校創新經營是否有顯著之預測力。 五、依據研究結果提出建議，作為相關單位及後續研究之參考。 本研究採用問卷調查法為主，以新北市209校，分為一般地區學校（都會區）有155校、偏遠地區學校（郊區）有54校。550位教職人員為受試者進行調查，並以改編之「國民小學學校狀況調查問卷」，包括二種量表，分別是「「教師學習組織量表」、「學校創新經營量表」進行研空。，實際發出516份，回政有效問卷為501份，問卷回收率為97％。資料以SPSS/PC17.0 統計套裝軟體進行描述性統計、t 考驗、單因子變異數、積差相關、多元逐步迴歸分析與討論，所得主要結論如下： 一、新北市國民小學教師對「資訊蒐集」、「系統思考」、「溝通思考」、「團隊學習」教師學習組織的知覺現況良好 二、新北市國民小學教師對「環境設備」、「組織氣氛」、「教學專業成長」、「行政管理」學校創新經營的知覺現況良好 三、年齡大、年資資深者、兼任行政工作的教師，學校歷史「未滿100年」，在教師學習組織知覺程度較高 四、、男性教師、年齡大、年資資深者、兼任行政工作的教師，學校歷史「未滿100年」、一般地區學校，在學校創新經營知覺程度較高。 五、教師學習組織與創新經營各層面有明顯正相關 六、教師學習組織影響學校創新經營以「溝通思考」影響力最大 最後，依據本研究的結果與結論，提出具體建議，己供「教育的實務」與「未來研究」之參考。 / The purpose of this Study was to explore a study on the relationship among teacher organizational learning and school innovative management in elementary school of New Taipei City. The purpose of this Study includes: 1. To understand the current teacher learning organizations in elementary schools of New Taipei Ciy and the current status of school innovative management. 2. To explore difference among different background teachers in elementary schools of New Taipei City, variations of school background on teacher learning organizxation, and the current status of school innovative management. 3. To analyze the relationship among teacher learning organizations in elementary schools of New Taipei City and school innovative management. 4. To explore wheher teacher learning organizations in elementary schools of New Taipei City have significant prediction on school innovative managemen. 5. To offer suggestion as per the study result to be provided as a reference for consequent research proceeded by the related units. This Study mainly adopted questionnaire survey aimed at 209 schools in New Taipei City., as being divided into general area school (urban area)., totaling 155 schools, and remote area school (suburban area)., totaling 54 schools. The survey was proceeded on 550 teachers and staffs as interviewee with modified “Survey Questionnaire on School Condition of Elementary Schools”., of which includes two evaluation forms as “Evaluation Form on Teacher Learning Organization” and “ Evaluation Form on School Innovative Management” respectively to proceed the said study. It actually issued 516 copies and recovered 501 copies of valid questionnaire, the recovery rate was 97%. The data was analyzed by SPSS/PC17.0 package software to proceed descriptive statistics, and also adopted t test, single factor variances, related accumulated difference, multiple stepwise regression analysis and discuss, the major conclusion obtained is as follows: 1. The current status on cognition of “Information Collection”, “Systematic Thinking”, “Communication Thinking”, “Teamwork Learning” shown by teachers in elementary schools of New Taipei City, that is very good. 2. The current status on cognition of “Environmental Equipment”, “ Organizational Atmosphere”, “Growth on Teaching Profession”, “Administrative Management” of school innovative management as being realized by teachers in elementary schools of New Taipei City, that is also very good. 3. More ages, senior, or teacher with administrative duties taught in the school less thant hundred year history, they have higher extent of cognition on teacher learning organization. 4. Male teacher, more ages, senior, or teacher with administrative duties taught in the school of general area, they have higher extent of cognition on school innovative management. 5. Both teacher learning organization and innovative management have significant and positive relation on each aspect. 6. The most influential force on teacher learning organization is “ Communication Thinking”. Finally, this Study offers a concrete suggestion as per the result of study to be provided for the reference of “Education Practice” and “Future Research”.

由於我國政策與制度關係，直轄市比其他縣市可獲得較豐富的資源，是不爭的事實，以致各縣市紛紛爭取升格為直轄市，希望獲得更大的財政實力，但2010年升格之後的五都，財政收支差短依舊嚴重，皆須仰賴中央補助或舉債，以支應各項政務推動及地方建設。對新北市而言，在資源有限情況下，惟有提升財政自主能力，並落實財政紀律，才能解決其財政缺口。 新北市既已升格直轄市，就要有適時法律得以遵從，希望能儘早修正財政收支劃分法，給予相當的財政自主權，並落實財政自我負責機制。然而在自有財源比例偏低情形之下，支出結構僵化，人事費比重過高，能自行決定的支出相當有限，加上指定用途補助款等問題，都限縮其財政自主性。 本研究以新北市為主要研究對象，選取1982-2011年資料，以一般化最小平方法GLS（generalized least squares)進行迴歸分析，探究對於新北市財政收入或自主財源之影響因素。實證結果發現，家庭平均每戶全年經常性收入、土地增值稅減半徵收及調降稅率政策，對於歲入及自有財源具有正向影響效果；失業率則具有負向影響效果。以上三項影響因素中，失業率對於歲入及自有財源之影響程度不同，對於自有財源則更具顯著性負向響影。 / It is undoubted that the municipality can get more resources than counties and cities. Due to the fact, most of counties and cities try for upgrading to a municipality in Taiwan. After city-county consolidation in 2010, the Fiscal Deficit of five special municipalities is still seriously short, they rely on central government subsidies or loans to cope with the operation and construction funds. Because of the limitation of resources, it is the sole solution of solving the fiscal gap for New Taipei City is to enhance the ability of financial autonomy and implement fiscal discipline. It is necessary for New Taipei City to have the corresponding law to upgrade municipality. We hope that the Act Governing the Allocation of Government Revenues and Expenditures can be revised as soon as possible and the revised law can provide the appropriate financial autonomy and implement fiscal self-responsibility mechanism for New Taipei municipality. However, because of the low proportion of cases under its own financial resources, the fixed expenditure structure and the high proportion of staff costs, the self-decided expenditure is quite limited. In addition, earmarked grants and other issues also narrow its financial autonomy. New Taipei City is the main object of this study. The specific data (1982-2011) and the GLS(generalized Least Squares) are used in this study to find out the impact factors of New Taipei's revenue and its independent revenue sources. The empirical results indicate that Average Current Receipts Per Household, LAT Halved and Tax Reduction policyhave a positive effect on its revenue and independent revenue sources; Also, the unemployment rate has a negative impact on results. Among these three impact factors, the Unemployment Rate has the different influence degree between the revenue and independent revenue sources, especially; it has significant negative impact on the independent revenue sources.

巡邏勤務是警察最常見的勤務方式之一，長久以來被公認是警察的核心勤務，由於巡邏勤務兼具積極打擊犯罪的主動作為及消極防制的被動作為，更加突顯巡邏勤務的重要與特色。而警察巡邏勤務之規劃及執行方式受到許多因素的影響，如何有效發揮巡邏勤務預期效能的議題，也就值得深究。 本研究以立意抽樣，採質化半結構深入訪談方式，針對實際規劃與執行巡邏勤務之派出所所長與協助派出所所長規劃勤務並參與實際執行巡邏勤務基層員警10人進行訪談，旨在探討巡邏勤務之規劃與運作過程，藉此找出其中所存在的問題，並將結果提供相關單位作為警察巡邏勤務規劃與運作之參考，期能有效發揮預防犯罪及達到維護社會治安之功能。 本研究主要研究結果分述如下： 一、巡邏勤務，警察核心勤務：巡邏勤務24小時綿密規劃，勤務時數約佔每日總時數50%-70%，為警察勤務中核心勤務。 二、工作項目，符合主要目的：巡邏勤務工作置重點於犯罪預防、交通順暢及為民服務，符合巡邏的主要目的。 三、攻勢勤務，具有預防效果：巡邏勤務屬攻勢勤務，具迅速、快速、機動等特性，具有預防犯罪的效果。 四、符合原理，有效預防犯罪：巡邏勤務運作符合迅速、機動、彈性、顯見等4項原理，能有效預防犯罪。 五、巡邏勤務，以深夜勤為主：深夜時段為犯罪活動高峰期，應將巡邏勤務加重於該時段，以符合實際需求。 六、因時因地，使用交通工具：巡邏勤務交通工具應因時因地制宜，彈性運用，發揮巡邏勤務之機動性及顯見性。 七、事故處理，影響巡邏成效：巡邏勤務規劃編排常因事故處理導致巡邏勤務落空情事，影響巡邏預期成效。 八、強化措施，落實巡邏勤務：強化勤務指揮中心功能、落實實施勤前教育及採師徒制編組，以利經驗傳承，落實巡邏勤務作為。 九、巡邏裝備，適時因應添購：巡邏勤務配備裝備應適時因應添購，以維執勤安全，提升巡邏勤務效能。 十、落實盤檢，減少巡邏箱數：巡邏勤務應以加強盤查為主，巡簽巡邏簽章表為輔，以發揮巡邏勤務預期之效能。 十一、巡邏勤務，優點缺點並俱：巡邏勤務可有效產生嚇阻犯罪功能，惟因各項因素，常無法落實執行。 本研究並根據研究發現，提出研究建議： 警察機關應採問題導向巡邏勤務策略，實施因地制宜措施以規劃巡邏勤務，落實盤查作為為主，巡簽巡邏簽章表為輔，因應需求適時添購裝備，強化巡邏勤務精進作為；並落實金融超商業自我防護機制，精簡業務提升警力運用，同時面對問題落實檢討規劃。 / Patrol duty is one of the most common duties for the police officers, which has been generally accepted as their core duty for a long time. Moreover, the patrol duty’s importance and characteristics are more highlighted by its active actions like fighting against crime and its passive actions like prevention and control. However, the policy officers’ planning and executive methods of patrol duty are affected by various factors. Therefore, it deserves deeply exploration about how to achieve the expected effect of patrol duty. Taking the purposive sampling and qualitative semi-structured in-depth interview, this study interviewed 10 persons including a police station chief and some grassroots police officers assisting the chief to plan and carry out patrol duty, with the aim to explore the patrol planning and operation process. In this way, it can find out the existing problems and provide the study results to relevant units as reference of planning and operation for the police officers, expecting to effectively achieve the function of crime prevention and social order and security maintenance. The major study results are illustrated as below: 1.Patrol duty is the core duty for the police officers: the duty is 24-hour planned, and accounts for 50%-70% of the work hours every day, so it is the core duty for the police officers. 2.The work. details conform to the primary purpose: Patrol duty focuses on crime prevention, smooth traffic and public service, which conform to the primary purpose of patrol. 3.Offense duty has the preventive effect: Patrol service belongs to offense duty, which is quick and mobile, and has the effect of crime prevention. 4.It conforms to the basic principles and can prevent crime effectively: Patrol operation conforms to the four principles of quickness, mobility, flexibility and conspicuousness, and can prevent crime effectively. 5.Patrol duty is mainly served at late-night: The late-night is the peak period of crime activity, so the patrol duty should be strengthened during that period to meet the practical demands. 6.Use vehicles based on the specific time and place: The vehicles used for patrol service should be flexible based on the specific time and place, so as to achieve the mobility and conspicuousness of patrol service. 7.Accident handling affects the effect of patrol duty: Patrol planning and scheduling is often delayed or vacated due to accident handling, which further affects the expected effect. 8.Strengthen the measures to carry out the patrol duty: Strengthen the function of the command center, carry out the pre-duty education and adopt senior-junior grouping to facilitate teaching experience and achieving the purpose of patrol duty. 9.Procure the patrol equipments in time: Patrol equipments should be procured in time based on the specific demands, so as to ensure secure duty and improve the patrol efficiency. 10.Carry out question to reduce the number of patrol boxes: The patrol duty should strengthen question primarily, together with patrol duty form signing, so as to achieve the expected patrol effect. 11.Patrol service has both advantages and disadvantages: Patrol duty has the function of effective crime prevention. However, it can’t be carried out due to various factors. Based on the study findings, this study proposes the following suggestions: The police institutions should adopt the problem-oriented patrol strategies and make measures based on the specific conditions for patrol duty planning. It should carry out question primarily, together with patrol duty form signing. Moreover, it should procure equipments in time based on the demands to strengthen the patrol practice. Besides, it should also carry out the self-defense mechanism of finance-over-business and simplify the business to improve the manpower application. At the meanwhile, it should implement review and planning for the problems.

近年來，嬰幼兒閱讀的議題在國內逐漸受到重視。2006年2月，信誼基金會與臺中縣政府、臺北市政府共同合作，正式在臺灣推行「閱讀起步走」。為了推動親子共讀，新北市亦於2009年開始實施「閱讀起步走」，除了致贈圖書禮袋外，並搭配親子共讀講座、新生兒故事活動、新生兒借閱證辦理等活動。 本研究目的希望可以透過對於活動執行者與參與者的調查研究，來檢視新北市辦理「閱讀起步走」之具體成效、參與者的滿意情形，以及活動執行者在活動辦理過程中所遭遇的困境，據以歸納相關經驗，提出未來發展建議供其他縣市辦理「閱讀起步走」計畫之參考。 本研究主要以問卷調查法與訪談法進行資料的分析。首先針對參與過「閱讀起步走」的嬰幼兒家長採隨機抽樣的方式進行活動滿意度問卷調查，共計有效樣本為250份；另擇選6位活動承辦人員與3位參與家長進行深度訪談，以得知活動執行者與參與者對於活動本身的實際看法。 研究結果顯示： 一、參與民眾與承辦館員普遍肯定「閱讀起步走」的政策與理念，並認為此活動有助於落實親子共讀觀念。 二、參與民眾對於館員的服務態度、活動內容的滿意度較高，對於活動的時間與場地安排、館舍硬體設備、館藏內容數量等滿意度較低。 三、參與民眾認為目前圖書館所採用的行銷方式在日常生活中並無法明確感受到，因此對於現行的行銷方式滿意度最低。 四、承辦館員在推動「閱讀起步走」時所遭遇最大的問題在於人力與宣傳的不足。 五、承辦館員認為影響活動辦理的因素為人力與空間環境。 六、各館在推動「閱讀起步走」時所需之協助為增加人力及官方統一宣傳。 本研究對於「閱讀起步走」未來的發展建議有： 一、充實嬰幼兒書籍館藏，提升閱讀品質。 二、家長學習課程可以團體型態的工作坊或讀書會進行。 三、整合目前的宣傳策略，由官方力量統一推動。 四、提升圖書禮袋發放的普及率。 五、持續推動相關政策，銜接目前所欠缺之閱讀階段。 / Over the years, reading for infants and toddlers has gained attention from the society. In February 2006, Hsin-Yi Foundation, by means of recruiting cooperative efforts from Taichung County Government and Taipei City Government, initiated Bookstart, a reading activity for parents and kids, in Taiwan. Three year later, New Taipei City started to execute Bookstart, including a good number of funny, inspiring activities such as granting participants with a “Bookstart Pack”, holding parent-kid reading seminars, story-reading for newborns and applying for library cards for newborns. The study aims to conduct a survey among in-charge librarians and participants, and evaluate the actual effects of Bookstart executed in New Taipei City, including to what extent participants are satisfied with the activities, and the problems or predicament encountered by in-charge librarians in the process of implementation. By so doing, the study induces relevant experiences and offer suggestions for other counties or cities that intend to execute the program of Bookstart in the future. The study undertakes the analysis of the data with questionnaire investigation method and interviewing method. To start with, by means of random sampling, a questionnaire over satisfaction is conducted among the parents with young-aged kids who have participated in Bookstart; effective copies were 250. Meanwhile, 6 in-charge librarians and 3 parents were selected to take in-depth interviews, so as to better explore the thoughts and ideas of the aforementioned people. The research results have indicated that: 1.The participating citizens and librarians all give approval for the notions of Bookstart, thinking it beneficial to the promotion of parent-kid reading. 2.The participating citizens have a better satisfaction over the librarians’ attitude of service and the content of the activity, yet their satisfaction for the time and venue of the activity, the hardware facilities of the library and the quality and quantity of the stock is relatively low. 3.Participated citizens do not think the promotion adopted by the library has been well received in everyday life, and hence have the lowest satisfaction for current promotion. 4.The most serious problems facing up to in-charge librarians were short of manpower and insufficient promotion. 5.In-charge librarians regard the factors that affect the quality of activities as manpower and the environment of the library. 6.The assistance needed in promoting Bookstart includes “adding manpower” and “a packaged promotion by the government”. Hence, the study offers suggestions for the future development of Bookstart as follows: 1.Enrich the collection of books for infants and young children to enhance reading quality. 2.Parents learning courses can group types of workshops or study will be conducted. 3.The current promotion strategies shall be incorporated, and the activity should be promoted by the government as a package. 4.To enhance reading the penetration rate paid by the Bookstart packs. 5.Related policies should be publicized in the future, so the new program can be connected with the current one by adding a “reading phase”.

地方民意代表，以繼續連任為目標，對於選區的經營及選民的個案服務無不全力以赴，做好選區經營選民服務，是再次爭取選民選票支持的重要關鍵；本文以第一屆新北市65位現任議員為研究對象，透過對全體議員的問卷調查和對10位議員的深入訪談，探知他們對於選區經營選民服務的看法和作為，藉以了解地方民意代表如何服務地方服務選民的參考依據。 依問卷填答資料統計顯示，新北市議員平均聘請助理數7.40人，平均設置之服務處數2.16處，每星期選民反應請託案件數平均19.88件，每星期紅白帖平均數29.06張；以每周工作70小時計，花在議會問政25.55小時，選民服務時間39.91小時，自己事業時間4.54小時。議員為民服務最重視的項目依序是：選民個案服務、爭取選區地方建設經費、議會質詢及監督行政機關。各類型選民反應或請託案最多的是糾紛調解，其次是爭取社團、里活動經費補助和地方小型建設建議案。各不同黨籍或新科/連任議員皆盡全力做好選區經營選民服務，所以比較各項數據沒有明顯差異。 深入訪談第一部分訪談選區經營具特色及代表性議員，請議員說明其選區經營選民服務的理念和實際做法，詢問其選區特性、選民結構及選舉競爭，並了解其依個人特質所建立的選舉資源網絡。第二部分訪談市府規劃欲興建殯葬專區之選區議員，做為選區經營案例之研究，了解議員以何管道探知選民反對意向，如何發動選民陳情抗爭，如何維護選區選民權益，及利用此一議題進行選區經營的思維與策略。 / The local elected representatives go to great lengths to manage their electoral districts and to provide the best service for their votes as their main goal is to continue in office, and the key to it is to gain the voters’ support. This study will focus on the case of the 65 councilmen of the first session in New Taipei City. Through a questionnaire survey and in-depth interviews with 10 of the councilmen, their viewpoints and behaviors related to their electoral district management and service are provided as to have reference to understand their ways of provided service. According to the statistical results of the questionnaire survey, the average number of assistant per New Taipei City councilman is 7.40 persons; the average number of service center is 2.16; the average number of cases of the voters for any request per week is 19.88; the average number of red/white envelopes per week is 29.06; they work 70 hours per week, for which 25.55 hours are spent in the parliament, 39.91 hours are dedicated for the voters and 4.54 hours are for their own business. The priority of tasks in importance are in the following order: voters’ cases, seeking for local infrastructure funds, questioning in the parliament, and supervision of the administrative offices. In regard to the type of the voters’ cases, the major issue consists of dispute resolution followed by the seeking of association or neighborhood subsidies and recommendations for minor establishments. The councilmen show no distinctive differences as all of them, regardless their political parties or seniority, are trying their best for good management and service for their electoral districts. As for the in-depth interview, the first part consists of the interviews with representative councilmen with features in their electoral district management. The interviewees are asked to provide their visions and practical executions for their electoral districts, and then explained the features of their electoral districts, the structure of the voters and the electoral competitions as to understand the online electoral resources established in accordance with their personal characteristics. The second part consist of interviews with the councilmen whose electrical districts contain planning funeral area by the city government as management case studies. Through the interviews, we are able to understand the councilmen’s channels to discover voters’ opposition, to mobilize voters for petition, to defend voters’ rights and to promote ideas and strategies for the electoral district management.

近年來，由於少子女化影響而增加的校園閒置空間，許多學校配合中央政策針對校園閒置空間進行再利用，空間經再利用後，對後續的用後評估施以維護和保養，使空間更符合使用者需求為考量，其用後評估是否有助於提升教學和學習的成效，是為本研究之重點及價值。爰此，本研究以「新北市校園閒置空間再利用用後評估之研究以三所學校為例」為研究主題，對再利用後的校園閒置空間進行用後評估，以新北市教育局推薦之三所別具特色的米倉國小的鄉土玩具圖書館、乾華國小的英速魔法學院及柑林國小的多元學習情境語文故事屋作為主要研究案列。本研究目的在於探討三所國小校園閒置空間再利用的興建動機與期待功用、經營模式與策略、調查三所國小學校師生對閒置空間再利用後的滿意度及看法、瞭解三所國小對閒置空間改造後的管理與維護及整體成效、空間改造規劃過程中所遭遇的困難情形、閒置空間改造後的課程應用與排課情形，進而提出有效提升閒置空間再利用用後評估之具體建議，以供教育行政主管機關、學校規劃經營以及未來相關的研究之參考。 本研究透過文獻分析，以作為問卷調查和訪談研究之基礎，自行編製「新北市校園閒置空間再利用用後評估調查問卷」作為研究工具之一，共分為兩版本：教師版及學生版。為使本研究內容更具完整及彌補文獻資料及調查資料之不足，另自行編製「新北市校園閒置空間再利用用後評估訪談大綱」，並採半結構式訪談，瞭解三所國小校長及總務主任推動校園閒置空間再利用之規劃動機、興建過程與困難概況，使本論文更臻完善。 問卷針對三所學校之教師、學生以及相關行政人員，由研究者自行到校進行調查，「教師與行政人員」及「學生」分別填寫教師版、學生版之問卷。米倉國小教師版問卷發放14份，全數回收且有效，可用率100%，學生版問卷發放160份，有效問卷156份，可用率97.5%；乾華國小教師版問卷發放17份，全數回收且有效，可用率100%，學生版問卷發放82份，有效問卷80份，可用率97.6%；柑林國小教師版問卷發放8份，學生版問卷發放16份，皆全數回收且有效，可用率100%。訪談部分，由三所國小校長各3人和總務主任各3人，共6人採半結構式訪談方式進行。 經由上述的研究過程，得到以下的研究結論： 壹、校園閒置空間再利用之動機與期待功用為減少閒置空間、配合中央政策、寓教於樂、活化閒置空間等。 貳、閒置空間改造規劃過程中最主要困難為溝通與協調、其次是經費壓力等因素。 參、校園閒置空間再利用的經營模式與策略有明確的團隊分工與合作、經營方式多元化與資源整合。 肆、三所學校的學生對空間改造後的滿意程度高，但仍有可精進的部分。 伍、三所學校的教師對空間改造後的滿意程度和教學效果滿意程度介於「滿意」及「非常滿意」之間。 陸、空閒置空間改造後的後續管理與維護包括師生共同之責任、專人維護、另類維護方式、定期檢視等層面，最大的挑戰為人力資源缺乏。 柒、閒置空間改造後的課程應用有校際交流活動、空間情境與設施結合課程、活化教師教學；排課情形為規劃複合式學習空間、課程檢視、發揮空間效益。 捌、校園閒置空間再利用後的永續經營做法為關鍵在於人、不斷評估檢視、與教學本質結合。 根據以上結論，提出下列幾點建議： 壹、對教育行政主管機關之建議 一、持續推動空間活化政策，鼓勵學校校園閒置空間再利用。 二、持續編列空間活化相關經費，撥補適當合理的維修費與管理費。 三、興建規劃階段應有專業的建築團隊介入，並有穩定的運作機制。 四、運用相關人力資源解決學校人力缺乏問題。 五、對不同校園閒置空間再利用採取的適用策略。 貳、對學校行政單位之建議 一、為更嚴密加強維護與管理，應制訂檢核表和維修標準，並定期檢查。 二、應建立永續經營管理小組以更重視學校閒置空間再利用後之檢視。 三、利用校園閒置空間再利用形塑學校特色，並加強空間永續發展。 四、為更有效維護與管理空間，應建立日常維修及空間設備故障之簡易修復流程。 五、空間建置完成後，應向師生加強宣導其使用方式與功能。 六、規畫校園閒置空間再利用之完整配套措施。 七、結合課程與教學，落實校園閒置空間再利用之永續發展。 / In recently years, the vacant school space increase due to the declination of birth rate in Taiwan. Many schools direct against reuse of vacant school space coordinating with the policy of government. After reuse the space, follow-up of the maintenance and Post-Occupancy Evaluation (POE) make the space filling the demand of user much better. This research focuses on whether the POE is contributive to promote teaching and effects of learning. Therefore, this research topic is “The Study of Post Occupancy Evaluation for the Vacant School Space Reuse in Three Elementary Schools of New Taipei City.” Education Department of New Taipei City recommend three study cases as following, the native soil toy library of Micang Elementary School, Taipei Country English Wonderland of Qianhua Elementary School and diversify of learning situation language in Story House of Ganlin Elementary School. The purpose of this research is to explore the building motivation and intened function of three schools, the operating mode and strategy, the satisfaction of school teachers and students, the maintenance and the overall effectiveness of the spaces, the difficulties encountered during the planning process, the curriculum application and the situation of course schedule. Base on the research to propose specific suggestions about how to perform the POE of the reuse of vacant school space in order to be the reference for the educational official authoritis, schools and future research. In this study, the comprehensive analysis of the literature reviews was taken to be the foundation of further investigation and interview research. The questionnaire titled “The Study of Post Occupancy Evaluation for the vacant school space reuse in elementary schools of New Taipei City” was applied as the research tool, which included two parts: teacher and student. In order to make up the lack of literature and survey data, draw up interview outline titled “The Study of Post Occupancy Evaluation for the vacant school space reuse in elementary schools of New Taipei City” was applied to semi-structural interview outline. The purposes were to maturity of this study, to understand the planning motivation of the vacant school space reuse and to explore construction process and difficult situations. Researcher went to the three schools to do survey and interview. Teachers and administrative staff filled out survey questionnaire of teacher, and students filled out survey questionnaire of student. In Micang Elementary School, 14 copies of questionnaires of teacher were collected, and 156 copies of questionnaires of student were collected. In Qianhua Elementary School, 17 copies of questionnaires of teacher were collected, and 80 copies of questionnaires of student were collected. In Ganlin Elementary School, 8 copies of questionnaires of teacher and 16 copies of questionnaires of student were collected. Total of six persons in three elementary schools principals and the chief of general affair were interviewed. According to the results and analysis, several conclusions and suggestions are as following: 1.Motivation and intended function: reduce of vacant space, coordinate with the policy of government, to combine education with recreation, activation of unused space and et cetera. 2.The difficulties of planning process: communication and coordination, the lack of funds and other factors. 3.Operating mode and strategy: definite division of team and cooperation, mode of operation diversification and integration of resources. 4.The satisfaction of students are high, but still needs to reinforce. 5.The satisfaction of teacher and teaching effect satisfaction are within the range between “satisfied” and “very satisfied”. 6.The follow-up management and maintenance include: teachers and students share the responsibility, assign particular person, special mode of maintenance, regularly review. The greatest challenge is the lack of human resources. 7.Curriculum application: schools exchange activities, space situational and facilities, combined with courses and activation teachers of teaching;The situation of course schedule: planning compound learning space, course review and make sure the space achieve maximum effectiveness. 8.Permanent sustainable management practices: the key is people, continuous assessment and combined with teaching. Based on the conclusions above, raise the several suggestions as following: 1.Recommendations to the education administration (i) Continue to promote space activation policy, encourage school reuse of vacant school space. (ii)Continue to fund the activation of vacant school space, especailly maintenance costs and management fees. (iii)In construction planning stage, let related experts be in the construction team, and also stable mechanism. (iv)Explore related human resources to resupply the insufficiency. (v)Reuse of vacant different school space to take the applicable policy. 2.Recommendations to the school administrative unit (i)In order to strengthen the maintenance and management, a checklist and maintenance standards should be drawn up and regular inspection should be applied. (ii)Permanent sustainable management group should be established, pay attention to review the reuse of vacant school space. (iii)Establish school characteristic by reuse of vacant school space and use to strengthen the space of sustainable development. (iv)Routine maintenance and space equipment failure repair process should be established. (v)Explain the meaning of the space to the teachers and students. (vi)Planning the reuse of vacant school space for use complete measures. (vii)Combination of curriculum and instruction to strengthen space sustainable development.