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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
1

導入國際財務報導準則對我國租稅徵納之影響 / The effect of adopting international financial reporting standards on the income tax levy

姚筑云 Unknown Date (has links)
台灣為了降低企業於國際資本市場之籌資成本,且考量國際間之商業交易日趨頻繁,因此金管會宣布自2013年開始公開發行公司分階段採用國際財務報導準則(IFRSs)編製財務報表。導入IFRSs,不僅影響企業會計面財務報表之變動,亦對企業之稅務面產生重大影響,徵納雙方均面對一樣的改變,因此稅捐稽徵機關亦面對著衝擊。   目前已導入IFRSs之國家,隨著會計原則改變,稅法上多有相關修改。而此種修改,和該國係採財稅一致或財稅獨立皆有相關。此外,依循稅法原則的探討,我國稅法原則基本上係採量能課稅原則,即依納稅人之負擔能力課稅,而IFRSs的導入,則能協助稽徵機關了解企業之負擔能力。   本文透過文獻分析與比較分析法,對現行財務會計準則與IFRSs規定進行差異分析比較,藉由分別探討七個因我國適用IFRSs產生之徵納雙方須面對稅務議題,得出我國適合的財稅關係應採財稅一致處理,並建議主管稽徵機關在因應IFRSs的導入應適當的修正稅法,而非在不改變原稅法下,以解釋函令因應。 / In order to reduce the cost of financing in the international capital market and considerate the transaction of international enterprises more frequently, Taiwan's Financial Supervisory Commission (FSC) announced that public companies must establish phased implementation of International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRSs) for financial statements preparation starting in 2013. The introduction of IFRSs not only has influence on the financial statements of corporations but also have significant impact on the business tax. The levy and taxpayer both sides oppose each other are facing the same problem. The tax authorities also must deal with the influence of International Financial Reporting Standards. The countries adopting the IFRS have revised their tax laws correspondingly by changing of accounting principle. Polices of tax laws will influence by relationship between accounting and taxation. According to the ability to pay principle, the tax authorities can know the ability of companies by IFRSs. The study reviewed and analyzed literature related IFRSs and introduced our State blueprint for the promotion of IFRSs through literature review and comparative analysis, in addition to conducting different analysis comparisons between existing financial accounting standards and IFRS. The study further analyzed on seven taxation issues on the applicable IFRSs to tax payer and the levy. According to these analysis is recommended to solve the problems of the tax laws influenced by IFRSs. Finally, government authorities are recommended to modify related laws and regulations.
2

國際會計準則與美國會計準則制定之比較--環境因素分析

陳枝凌, CHEN, ZHI-LING Unknown Date (has links)
由於國際貿易興盛,國際間投資隨之增加,跨國公司已成為企業組織的新型態。跨國 公司之營業分怖在兩個以上國家,不同的國家各自制定其會計準則,故國際間會計準 則之紛歧,遂成為跨國公司財務報表無法比較之主要因素。近年來會計界已開始重視 此問題,故致力於發展一套國際會計準則,以『和諧』國際間會計準則之紛歧。國際 會計準則發展時間尚短,難免有所缺失,故本論文旨在參考發展會計準則歷史悠久而 成效宏著之美國,分析環境因素對其會計準則制定之影響,進而謀求改進國際會計準 則之制定。本論文共一冊,約九萬字左右,共分六章,第一章緒論,第二章美國會計 準則之制定,第三章國際會計準則之制定,第四章國際會計準則與美國會計準則制定 之比較,第五章國際會計準則制定程序之修正,第六章彙種與結論。
3

Form 20-F調節表對分析師盈餘預測之影響 / The effect of Form 20-F reconcilations on analysts' earnings forecasts

吳建宏 Unknown Date (has links)
本研究探討在美發行存託憑證之外國公司(ADR公司)採用不同會計準則編製財務報表,對於分析師盈餘預測之影響;以及美國證券交易委員會(SEC)於2007年11月15日免除採用國際會計準則之ADR公司編製Form 20-F調節表規定,對於分析師盈餘預測之影響。針對主題一實證結果顯示,相較於外國公司所屬國家之會計準則,國際會計準則(IFRS)與美國一般公認會計原則(US GAAP)在提供資訊能力上較佳,有助於分析師之盈餘預測;然而進一步的實證則顯示IFRS與US GAAP間在提供資訊能力上並無明顯差異。此外,研究發現當外國公司之所屬國家為法制力較高的國家時,較有助於分析師之盈餘預測。針對主題二實證結果,本研究實證結果支持SEC對於免除採IFRS公司編製Form 20-F調節表的預期,並未發現任何證據顯示SEC免除ADR公司編製Form 20-F調節表,對於分析師進行盈餘預測時會有資訊遺失(information loss)的現象,本文實證結果亦顯示對於分析師而言IFRS與US GAAP所編製的財務報表可以提供類似的資訊。
4

財務會計準則公報適用性之研究--財務會計問題解釋函彙編之研究

梁寧萍 Unknown Date (has links)
財務會計準則公報是會計人員從事會計工作、編制財務報表的重要依據,而財務會計問題解釋函是企業在編制財務報表發生問題時,向財務會計準則委員會研議小組所提出的問題,所以本研究希望藉曲對財務會計問題解釋函彙編的研究,瞭解現行公報存有哪些問題、適用性如何?而實務界所提出之會計問題有何種特質,而研議小組解釋結果存在何種趨勢。 本研究將依解釋函性質加以歸類,依四大構面十二項因素作為分類的依據。這四大構面分別是:交易特性、經濟個體、法令及公報的影響及解釋結果。而這四大構面又包含了幾項重要的因素,本研究希望藉由這些因素的探討瞭解會計問題的特性及解釋結論中透露的訊息。茲將四大構面及其所涵蓋的因素彙總如下: 1. 交易特性:交易循環、問題型態、會計科目及跨國交易。 2. 經濟個體:行業別、公司型態。 3. 法令及公報影響:法令影響、會計原則。 4. 解釋結果:現狀、會計方法、再解釋及擴大解釋。 本研究將解釋函根據上述十二項因素再予以細分,除了瞭解每個因素的趨勢特性外,還將上述因素與申請解釋原因作交互分析,希望瞭解引發會計問題背後的原因為何,所以本研究分別以交互次數分配表、變異數分析及PROBIT分析探討申請解釋原因與各因素的關係。 / THE Financial Accounting Standard Board's (FASB) emerging issues task force (EITF) was formed in 1984 and, since, has deliberated and resolved a number of perplexing issues encountered by practitioners. EITF was formed to respond to a need for timely guidance in resolving emerging accounting issues and to limit the number of issues requiring formal pronouncements by the FASB. In Taiwan, there is a committee like EITF to resolve accounting issues encountered by practitioners. This research want to understand the characters of those accounting issues and to study whether our Statements of Financial Accounting Standards is suitable for businesses of Taiwan.
5

負債評價、資產負債組合與資本強化策略:台灣人壽保險產業分析 / Liability valuation, portfolio of assets and liabilities, and capital strengthening strategy: analysis of Taiwan life insurance industry

謝奇芳 Unknown Date (has links)
經過2008年金融海嘯影響後,台灣壽險業帳列資產價值大幅縮水,整體 壽險產業淨值下跌。加上國際會計準則 (IFRS) 及資本監理標準 (Solvency II) 之修正,具體呈現於歐洲保險子公司在台股權移轉交易,紛 紛退出台灣市場,突顯集團母公司必須遵循母國標準,必須將資產負債移轉給 相對寬鬆資本規範之本國公司。當金融產業不穩定下,監理機關採取暫行措施 可以穩定金融市場運作,對於降低金融監理標準之作法稱做監理寬容。持續低 利率環境造成過去壽險公司在1990年代高利率時期,發行之長期性過高利率保 單產生利差損問題。尤其在接下來預定實施國際會計準則第四號公報 (IFRS4) 後,壽險公司需依照「市場實際利率」提存準備金,預估整體壽險 業將至少須增提10%到15%的資本,此增資壓力龐大,利差損問題益加嚴重。 本研究主要回顧過去之保險負債評價文獻,並且引用國際會計準則委員會 (IASB) 針對保險合約會計之討論稿,整理IFRS 4中對於保險負債評價的部 份,IASB希望以「現時移轉價值」來衡量保險負債,其中現實移轉價值包括現 金流量、時間價值、風險邊際、服務邊際四個部份。此外,本研究將透過主成 分分析檢視台灣壽險公司的資產與負債結構,從結果可得知,在資產部分,可 以大略歸類出四種不同的投資性質;而負債部分,除了兩家外商公司以外,其 他壽險公司在各險種的經營上仍有些許差異。資產負債結構相似的公司在資產 負債管理及風險管理上較為相近,在面對利率波動及其他市場風險時,可作為 決策之借鏡。最後,在國際財務會計準則第四號公報實施後,利差損問題會益 加嚴重,本研究試著提出由政府成立「政府再保險公司」,透過風險轉換,也 許可以減緩台灣壽險公司的增資壓力。
6

IFRS會計原則採用與專家會計師選擇 / IFRS-based standard adoption and choice of specialist auditors ifrs-based standard adoption and choice of specialist auditors

何里仁, He, Li Jen Unknown Date (has links)
The adoption of International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS) has become one of the most important accounting issues around the world. Taiwan Accounting Research and Development Foundation (TARDF) since early 2000’s gradually released or updated a number of important accounting standards to comply with IFRS. This process provides a natural experimental ground for researchers to examine the impact of accounting principle changes on companies’ choice of auditors. The adoption of new accounting standards not only influences the asset evaluation process but also affects companies’ accounting information systems. Engaging a specialist auditor can send a signal of high-quality financial reporting to outsiders, and companies may gain positive market reactions as a result. For example, as more assets and liabilities are measured at fair value under the new standards, auditors must deal with the complexities of auditing fair value measurements, and their expertise of such a process may help companies overcome the difficulties in complying with new accounting standards. That is, the implementation of complex accounting standards may increase the demand for auditors who specialize in a certain industry, transaction, or even account. Hence, this study examines how the adoption of new accounting standards influences companies’ choice of specialist auditors. By testing auditor switches around the adoption of TSFAS No. 35, No.34 and No. 36, we find that the more a company is expected to be affected by IFRS-based standards, the more likely it may choose an account specialist auditor when it adopts these new standards. The results are more significant at the individual level since an individual auditor is more likely to possess expertise than audit firms as a group, since professional judgments rely on individual auditor’s knowledge and task-specific experience. Our results also suggest that companies with higher earnings management incentives are less likely to engage industry specialist auditors, even when they are influenced by the adoption of new accounting standards. However, the influence of companies’ earnings management incentives on their choice of specialist auditors is affected by the complexities of new standards adopted.
7

財務會計準則第40號公報對外商保險公司影響之研究 / The Impact of Adopting GAAP No. 40 on Foreign Insurers

張小玲, Chang, Hsioa Ling Unknown Date (has links)
順應國際會計準則發展趨勢,我國於2008年12月發布財務會計準則第40號公報「保險合約之會計處理準則」,並自2011年1月1日施行。面臨第40號公報與過去截然不同的會計處理程序與財報揭露要求,本國保險公司是否已有足夠的準備與專業足以應付這項保險會計作業轉換所帶來的衝擊?   本研究透過問卷調查從業務執行者之角度分析第40號公報對本國外商保險業者之影響。研究發現本國外商保險公司雖然已具備依據IFRS 4或US GAAP編製財務報表之經驗,但受訪人員一致認為第40號公報的實施將導致整體作業成本增加,而相關法令及緩衝配套措施未及時修訂係導入作業面臨的最大障礙。此外,IFRS 4第二階段以公平價值衡量保險負債的要求影響重大,風險資本適足性及增資壓力成為適用該號公報首要挑戰,業者甚至考慮變更保險商品的設計以因應之。   據此,本研究建議保險業由董事會高層授權成立專案小組統籌導入計劃及委任外部專家協助,並且進行全面試算與分析供決策參考。主管機關將保險財務與監理會計分離並及時修訂相關法令及緩衝的配套措施,以減緩保險業者所受之衝擊;並及早評估第二階段的影響,以緩和漸進的方式達到IFRS 4第二階段之要求。 / Vow to adapt accounting standards with IFRS, Taiwan issued GAAP No.40, the Accounting Standards for Insurance Contracts in 2008, which will be effective starting from 2011. With different accounting and disclosure requirements GAAP No.40 requires, are Taiwan insurance companies capable and ready to implement the new standards without any impact?   This research tries to study and analyze survey from staffs of foreign insurers in Taiwan regarding impacts of adopting the new accounting standards, although almost foreign insurers in Taiwan are capable of compiling their financial reports in accordance with IFRS or US GAAP requirements to their parent company. The questionnaire results indicate that all respondents agree that overall costs will increase due to adopt the new standards and lacking of the related regulations and supporting measures to the new standards will be a major challenge in operating levels. Furthermore, using fair value to measure insurance liabilities in phase II of IFRS 4 will cause huge impact for all insurers. The critical challenges of the new standards are the adequacy of Risk-Based Capital and additional capital requirements, which might even force the insurers to resign the products in order not to fail to comform RBC ratio.   Therefore, this research has 3 suggestions for insurers and 3 suggestions for authorities, respectively: 1.to be fully authorized by Board of Directors to set up IFRS 4 project team to implement the stardard as soon as possible; 2.to look for outside experts supports; 3.to make pre-test of the impact of the new stardard as the reference for insurers’ business plans and strategies; 4.to separate insurance financial accountings with insurance regulatory requirements; 5.to provide supporting policies or amend regulations to mitigate negative impacts from the new standards; 6.to make an overall study and analysis on phase II of IFRS 4 to ensure insurance companies can implement phase II smoothly and successfully.
8

衍生性金融商品數量性資訊揭露與外匯風險之關聯性研究

黃祥宇 Unknown Date (has links)
我國財務會計準則委員會於民國86年6月發布了第27號公報「金融商品之揭露」,該公報要求財務報表需將公司所操作的衍生性金融商品之情形提出說明,目的是希望能改善長久以來相關衍生性商品資訊之不足。然而,自公報發布以來,諸多國內的研究指出,企業財報的揭露有遵循程度不足的問題,報表使用者能否由目前揭露的水準明瞭公司衍生性金融商品之表外交易的情況仍有待商榷。本研究在檢視公司年報之附註揭露時發現,台灣企業使用衍生性金融商品最主要為規避外匯波動所帶來的風險,因此本研究在公報所規範的架構下,以現行財報揭露的水準為依據,研究企業所揭露之衍生性金融商品資訊與投資人所認知的外匯風險是否存在關聯,藉以討論目前所揭露的相關資訊是否為投資人評估外匯風險時的重要依據之一,供主管機關與準則制訂機構在往後監督與公報修訂上的參考。 本研究參考Franco Wong(2000)所提出的研究議題與模式,並依據國內的情況作部分的修改,研究的重點在於公報中基本揭露事項之數量性資訊,其中最主要的部分為衍生性金融商品之合約金額、公平價值與操作損益三者。 故研究討論的主軸有四:一、投資人是否運用合約金額資訊進行企業外匯風險的評估,二、投資人是否運用了操作損益資訊對公司的股價作調整,三、在合約金額與操作損益之兩項資訊皆揭露的情況下是否同時為投資人所參考,四、按不同金融工具種類揭露之資訊是否對投資人產生參考的價值。 研究的結果顯示,非電子業之合約金額資訊不為投資人所參考,非電子業也不同時使用兩項資訊,電子業則不參考操作損益資訊,也不同時使用兩者揭露的資訊。但在多數的情況下,不論是電子業或非電子業,投資人會部分運用到合約金額、操作損益與按種類揭露的資訊,故第27號公報之數量性資訊揭露在現行企業財報揭露的水準下仍有其參考的價值存在,惟參考的程度不高,尚有改善的空間。
9

財務會計準則第40號公報對我國人壽保險財務報表的影響 / Financial Accounting Standards Bulletin No. 40 on the impact of the financial statements of life insurance

謝雪萍, Hsieh, Share Unknown Date (has links)
因應國際會計準則發展趨勢,及全球化競爭與國際資金快速流動趨勢,近幾年會計準則自US GAAP 轉為以國際會計準則為主,掀起我國保險市場出售併購及外商壽險公司撤資之風潮。其起因除金融海嘯造成保險公司淨值大幅下降外,更因歐盟全面適用國際會計準則理事會所推行之國際財務報告準則(International Financial reporting Standards,簡稱IFRS)中IFRS 4-Insurance Contract(保險合約),保險公司必須增提準備金,使得公司之負債增加及淨值下降,進而促使外商保險公司選擇完全或部份撤資,退出台灣市場,突顯為求集團母公司繼續經營請況下,必須犧牲海外子公司已成就母公司商業模式。各方專家預測歐債風暴影響力道更甚金融海嘯,會不會再度引發下一波保險市場出售併購及外商壽險公司撤資之風潮,將是一個重要觀察指標。 本研究係以保險會計之觀點,整理與探討我國財務會計準則公報第40號「保險合約之會計處理準則」實務做法及個案公司適用與未適用之財務與業務影響,在面臨國際會計準則必須接軌法規要求下,如何事先評估風險與因應措施,並運用知識管理及專業團隊大幅提升財務報表品質與資訊揭露得透明度。本公報適用之目的在於能與國際會計準則接軌,然而,持續低利率環境造成過去壽險公司在1990年代高利率時期,發行長期高預定利率保單因而產生利差損問題。鑑於歐盟各國適用國際財務報告準則後,歐系保險公司紛紛退出台灣市場,我國對於公報之適用更應慎重執行,以免將外資逼出台灣市場,獨留本土保險公司苦撐之情形發生。台灣現行適用經驗與部分歐洲保險業情況相似,混合一般目的財務會計與監理會計做為保險業之會計制度,因此試用後發現其對商品銷售、財務業務及財報附註一定程度的影響。 本研究藉由國際會計準則變動下,實務做法及個案公司適用與未適用之財務與業務影響,將其規劃過程、研究經驗及成效分享,建議保險業財會人員、保險業及保險業主管機關對國際會計準則變動,應有態度與因應作法及配套措施,同時結合產業發展方向,如何分階段接軌,協助保險業財務強度與經營體質升級,讓保險業有機會成為更具競爭力世界級公司。
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中國實施新會計準則對新股上市價格影響之研究 / The Effect of China Accounting Standards on the Price of Initial Public Offerings

楊子霆, Yang, Tzu Ting Unknown Date (has links)
本論文探討2007年中國大陸實施以IFRS為基礎的中國會計準則後,是否因為會計準則要求更多資訊的公開,影響新上市公司股票發行折價的幅度。由於中國大陸資本市場有獨特的機制環境,本研究更進一步探討,中國大陸新上市公司在中國會計準則實施後,新上市公司股票發行折價的幅度,是否會因為各省份機制環境背景有不同的影響。實證結果發現,實施中國會計準則後,新股折價的幅度的確顯著降低,新股上市的蜜月期也會因為準則實施後,資訊不對稱的情形降低,有明顯的縮減。亦發現若中國大陸地方機制環境較進步且發達,該地區市場化的程度愈高,新股折價的幅度會也會因資訊更加公開而降低。 / In 2007, China passed the IFRS-based Chinese Accounting Standards (therefore IFRS-based CAS) to converge with IFRS. This paper examines the effect of implementation of IFRS-based CAS on IPO uncerpricing. In addition, there are different institutional features of transition economy from other countries. This paper also examines the effect of the interaction between implementation of IFRS-based CAS and institutional features of transition economy on IPO uncerpricing. The empirical results show that post-2005 IPOs in China are significantly less underpriced, and IPO honeymoon periods have similar outcomes. Furthermore, the results also show that the magnitude of underpricing will be decreased in those provinces with higher degrees of marketization.

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