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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
1

琉球久米村人的民族學研究 / An Ethnological Mapping of Okinawa’s Kume Villagers in Ryukyu from 1392 to Present: Language, Religion, Occupations and Identity

呂青華, Lu,ching hua Unknown Date (has links)
久米村是十四至十五世紀琉球地方向明國朝貢初期移住那霸的福建人-「閩人三十六姓」-所形成的聚落。久米村人對琉球王國外交、文化、思想、信仰有深遠的影響。本論文以時間為縱軸,以民族集團客觀特徵的姓名、語言、信仰、主觀認同意識為橫軸,探討閩人三十六姓自十四世紀末移住琉球那霸久米村之後至今600年之間,在琉球‧沖繩社會脈絡下改變的過程和因應機制,以及客觀文化特徵與主觀認同意識的相互關係。 論文除「緒論」、「結論」外,本論有六章,第一章「久米村人的形成」,寫久米村人的人來源、社會組織、現況,和久米村的地理位置。第二章「久米村人的職業」,重點在描述久米村人在封貢體系中擔任外交官重要角色的實態。第三章「久米村的姓名」,探討久米村人的命名制度及其因時代所起的變化。第四章「久米村人的語言」,析論久米村人閩南話、漢語官話、琉球語及日語之使用與變遷。第五章「久米村人的宗教信仰」,研析久米村人之祖先崇拜、天妃信仰,以及琉球民間信仰與日本民間信仰對久米村人信仰的影響。三、四、五章並分別就姓名、語言、信仰之客觀的文化特徵,探討其作為久米村人民族邊界的有效性。第六章「久米村人的認定與認同」,敘述琉球王國的身分認定制度,並析論此一制度對久米村人主觀認同的影響。 關鍵詞:沖繩 閩人三十六姓 認定 認同 / Kume Village was initially formed by 36 Fujian clans in the 14th Century when the Ryukyu Islands became one of the tributaries to the Ming Empire of China. Kume Villagers had a great influence on the Ryukyu Kingdom in diplomacy, culture, thought, and belief perspectives. The tenets of this dissertation focus on the development of the people of Kume Village; their careers, the evolution of their languages, their system of assigning names to individuals, and how they related first to China, then later to the Okinawa Kingdom, Japan, and how they were perceived by Okinawans throughout this time. The dissertation consists of six chapters. The first chapter, "The Kume Village", writes where Kume villagers come from originally, its past and present social organization, and the Kume Village geographical position. The second chapter, "The Kume Villagers’ Social Niche", mainly describes the important role Kume villagers play in the tribute system as diplomats. The third chapter, "The Naming of a Kume Villager", discusses the Kume Villagers naming system and its evolution. The fourth chapter "The Kume Villager’s Language” analyzes these 4 languages: Southern Fujian, Chinese Mandarin, Ryukyu Islands, and Japanese as they are imported and integrated by the Kume community. The fifth chapter, "The Kume Villagers Religious Beliefs", analyzes the Kume Villagers worship of ancestors, Tian Fei beliefs, as well as how the Ryukyu Islands folklores and the Japanese folklores influenced Kume Villagers. The third, fourth, and fifth chapters test the validity of name, language, and general belief mores as robust ethnic boundaries. The sixth chapter, "Caste-assignment and Social Identity", narrates the establishment of distinct castes and government relegation of the Kume Villagers into an elite class and analyzes how this policy influenced Kume Villagers. Applying time and several ethnic features as its frames of reference, this dissertation debates in detail the development of the culture of Kume Villagers parallel to and as the result of their interaction with Okinawa society in the last 600 years. Keywords:Okinawa, 36 Fujian clans, Chinese overseas, Identity
2

戰後中華民國政府對琉球政策之研究 / A study of policy of the R.O.C government toward Okinawa after the second world war

米澤晉平, Yonezawa, Shimpei Unknown Date (has links)
第二次世界戰後琉球在美國的軍事統治下,其主權歸屬尚未決定,而其地位依然不穩定。戰後當初中華民國政府根據與琉球歷史關係,主張對琉球群島有領土主權,試圖收回琉球,然而,因為國共內戰等的政治混亂,使其無暇進行對於琉球群島主權宣示的具體行動。而後,中華民國雖得到了美國支援而進入穩定期,卻仍未對琉球群島之主權作出明確之宣示。1953年8月美國表示願將奄美群島交還日本,中華民國政府收到此消息之後,改變原來的消極態度,闡明對琉球問題之其立場,反對奄美群島交還,依據相關法理,主張有決定琉球最後處理之權利及責任。然而,1970年前後,當美日兩國開始就沖繩主權之歸屬談判時,中華民國政府僅僅向美日兩政府表達反對日本收回琉球之意見,即未再進行更進一步的行動。1971年起中華民國失去了中國代表權並退出聯合國,而後1972年與日本斷交,相繼發生嚴重衝擊國家外交之挫敗,造成中華民國於國際上之地位日漸低落,使其無力伸張對於琉球之權利。   中華民國政府對琉球政策主要有兩個目的,第一是將琉球放在自己影響力之下,第二則是阻止琉球之赤化,為避免刺激美日兩國政府而進行對琉政策,中華民國政府自二戰結束後,在台灣幫助組織民間團體,透過該團體代表蔡璋運用其蒐集琉球問題的相關資訊、對外宣傳中琉關係淵源,以及進行對琉球政治性活動,試圖達成其對琉球政策,並且透過民間管道盡力推動與琉球之間政治經濟文化等各種方面的交流。涉及60年代後,尤其是中琉文化經濟協會前理事長方治與琉球的政治經濟領導人士之間建立密切管道,擁有對琉球不小的影響力,實際上60年後期,政府以他個人力量可以進行對琉球政策,成功培養對中華民國(台灣)內向的情緒,而能防止中國共產黨勢力侵入琉球。琉球歸還日本後,沖繩縣民對台灣情緒依然很好,因此台灣(中華民國)政府仍可以繼續與沖繩(琉球)密切交流,在於沖繩(琉球)的政經方面能夠發揮一些影響力,但方治過世後,台灣(中華民國)政府對沖繩(琉球)之影響力大幅衰退,只能維持半官半民聯繫而已。   隨著台灣政府與北京政府互改善雙方關係,台灣政府對琉球政策之中,削弱了反共政策的性質,並且關於琉球最終地位,事實上默認日本對琉球主權,目前琉球群島的狀態,但因由釣魚台問題,尚無正式公開承認。從而,現今台灣政府對琉球政策似乎失去了其存在意義。

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