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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
1

我國廠商參加業界科技專案動機之研究

洪靜宜, Hung, Jin-Yi Unknown Date (has links)
經濟部技術處長久以來為推動產業研究發展工作、強化產業之技術開發能力,每年均委託法人機構執行「科技研究發展專案計畫」(科專計畫),對國家科技水準及人才培育,貢獻斐然,以為我國科技研發能力奠定良好基礎。為能對民間所具有研發能力之廠商加以整合應用,以利政府達成協助國內產業升級轉型,以提升國家整體競爭力的目的。自86年度起,經濟部科專計畫以開放給民營事業申請,一方面希望能夠借重民間企業的研發能力與資源優勢,提升原財團法人較不具執行優勢之科專計畫研究成果品質。另一方面藉由政府與民間企業研發單位之間的合作,亦可藉由產業界本身對科技研究之投入與努力,達到政府藏技於民的美意。其計畫目的以導引企業投入研究發展工作,並期以發揮相乘效果,促進企業進一步參與及進行投資,達到強化研發能量之目的。由於86、87試辦年度廠商反應熱烈,為擴大業界參與科技專案計畫,自88年度起,新作法改為以補助款方式來鼓勵業界投入研發活動(原為委辦方式),推動「業界開發產業技術計畫」(原業界科專)。且放寬申請資格、及智慧財產權下授給廠商…等變革。 由於88以後年度業界科專制度設計的改變,為瞭解兩套制度設計如何影響廠商參加業界科專的動機,本文應用理論模型、實證、深入訪談的方式來探討,得到若干結論如下: 1.由本文理論模型分析可知,86、87委辦年度時,從模型中推論可知,廠商申請業界科專為研發投入規模較大時,個別或會員廠商參加業界科專的意願較高。而88以後年度時,廠商參加業界科專後,由模型推論為不論此專案的研發規模為何,個別或會員廠商皆願意參加業界科專,這也符合經濟部擴大申請範圍的立意,而實證分析結果也大致上符合模型的推論。 2.委辦年度所設計的機制,較能鼓勵研發投入龐大及規模制度良好的廠商參加業界科專。若廠商參加業界科專研發的主要目的是希望政府共同分攤高風險、金額龐大的研發成本,或其研發成果較偏向基礎研發,或原先就具相當好的研發體制,在市場已佔一席之地而希望取得技術領先的地位者,在88以後年度的設計下,反而會降低其來申請業界科專之動機。 由於88以後年度的設計,下放智產權給廠商、提高廠商配合款比例及簡化申請手續。若參加業界科專主要目的在於以研發成果(應用研發)來獲取商業利益,及完全擁有智產權,且參加科專不但能與政府一起分攤研發成本、更能改善廠商體制,故較能吸引較新成立或規模較小的廠商來參與。 3.為瞭解廠商為何很少以共同研發的方式來參加業界科專,本文輔以深入訪談廠商的方式來瞭解。在委辦及補助年度各選取一家廠商來訪問。台中精機因研發成果技術上的需要,需與跨領域的錸德公司合作。由於此共同研發為獨立作業,除了在評鑑時台中精機有等待錸德外,共同研發並無太大問題。其參加主要的目的為研發經費的補助,並認為由於為私人企業,老闆較重視短期的利益,且研發又具高度風險,經濟部能給予廠商一筆經費來從事研發,老闆較不會限制其經費的運用,對業界研發助益很有幫助。但由於廠商自籌款的要求增加,並無再參加業界科專的動機。 另漢翔航空工業則表示,其研發聯盟伙伴皆為其下游廠商,由於此專案為建立一標準化作業系統,也因為如此,對其研發伙伴的包容性較一般研發聯盟還大。因其為領導廠商,相對的付出成本也更多。漢翔也是希望政府的補助款能再增加,否則對於領導廠商而言,參加業界科專成本反而更增加了!
2

以平衡計分卡的觀點探討經濟部科技專案 / The study of performance indicators for MOEA's technology program - from the viewpoint of balance scorecard

蔣淑萍, Chiang,Shu Ping Unknown Date (has links)
科技專案績效考評指標以何種方式呈現展現政府效益,將是本文所欲探討的重點。本文擬就我國法人科專計畫科專成果進行檢視,並以現行指標為基礎,探視何種績效指標配置才足以代表科專成果的真實面貌,以提供科專成效與資源配置之關連,展現政府不僅注重科專計畫其產出成果(Output),更重視其產出效益(Outcome),使政府投入之資源與產出有實質效益之合理評估。 本研究透過文獻分析法,蒐集有關與國內外績效評估議題文獻,以及與研究問題所屬相關單位之政策規劃報告、規劃績效架構等,並輔以專家訪談了解問題本質,。 整體而言,本研究將經濟部科技專案研究機構現行多重的績效指標予以整理,採用平衡計分卡的架構重新建立有效的績效評估指標,透過信度、因素分析,證實指標的測量穩定性,亦證實所設計指標各自收斂於所設計的平衡計分卡構面,可符合科技專案研究機構之績效評估之需求與期望。同時亦藉由指標的建立之研究,探討不同人員背景屬性及單位屬性對績效指標認知之差異,有助於未來實施時加強科技專案績效指標的推動與落實。 本研究主要建議有五項,績效評估落實於可責性 ( accountability )、正確績效目標與正確衡量方式的結合、績效目標必須具備挑戰性,提昇財團法人研究機構之組織資訊透明度(transparency)、並藉由績效考評,創造有感的成果、強化政策擬定策略,落實平衡計分卡作業等。
3

經濟部科技專案計畫委外管理之研究

陳素惠, Chen, Su-Huei Unknown Date (has links)
在面臨知識經濟的潮流下,隨著全球化、知識化的衝擊以及快速發展,有效的取得前瞻技術已成為企業建立與維持競爭優勢的重要手段,科學與技術的創新能力亦成為國家強化產業領導地位、厚植總體競爭力的主要方式。   經濟部科技專案計畫每年均投入相當經費,委託研究機構及產業界從事產業技術之研發,期能強化國內產業之競爭優勢,並有效提升產業研發能力及開創新興科技產業,最終目的在推動我國成為高附加價值製造中心;但由於經濟部技術處人員嚴重不足,因此乃採取委外方式辦理,以降低人力負荷,並活用民間資源。   本研究目的主要針對科技專案委外之實際面,就推動委外的歷史演變、政策法規、決策模式,做廣泛而深入與探討,並透過委託人、代理人及審查專家,做質性訪談,探究委外關係策略及過程,期望對於科技專案計畫委外之作業機制,提出精進之建議。   經過上述的研究程序,本研究發現以下結論:1.組織面:(1)技術處委外歷史背景為由下而上,促成辦理。(2)委外以資金換取無形成本,而有形成本並未降低。(3)以代理人執行作業,卻由委託人擔負責任,權責不相當。(4) 從事研發工作之代理人大多為政府扶植財團法人。2.管制面:(1)行政控管著重進行過程甚過於執行結果。(2)研發控管方式著重預定標準及實際績效。(3)每年簽約作業繁複瑣碎,致使信任降低。3.心理面:(1)公務事不再是終身職。(2)沿用以往模式,陷入行動慣性,成功假象! 相關的建議如下:1.技術處應建立責任歸屬模式。2.技術處應簡化作業流程、資訊上線。3.技術處應預期並重視合約終止的處理方式。4.執行單位應強化中階主管的穩定性,對於專家對談監督機制,輔以一約多年之合約。 關鍵字:科技專案計畫、委外、政府採購法、管理 / Nowadays many governments seek factors influencing the economic growth of a country to continue developing and to be more competitive in a rapidly changing and globalizing world. In this era of knowledge-based economy, knowledge is often assumed to be the fundamental resource. It is a crucial factor for the economic growth of a country. How to produce and create more knowledge is deemed to be one of the most crucial tasks of a government. One way of producing knowledge is investing in research and development (R&D) to develop new technologies. Recently, many studies suggest that a new technology that raises higher total productivity is one of the factors to the economic growth of a country. So for countries and private enterprises it is especially important to have access to leading, advanced and key component technologies. Each year the Ministry of Economic Affairs (MOEA) of Taiwan invests a lot in public research and development. They started the “scientific technology development project”, to develop new technologies, especially industrial technologies. MOEA expects these huge investments to strengthen the innovative capabilities of Taiwanese industries and to upgrade Taiwanese industries. Due to heavy workloads and insufficient human resources in the Department of Industrial Technology (DOIT) , DOIT needs to outsource these scientific technology development projects to research institutes and corporations. DOIT expects to take advantages of the efficiency and flexible organizational structure of the private sector. Hence, recently the issue towards “government outsource” catches more and more attentions than ever. The main purposes of this research paper are as followed. Through qualitative interviews with civil servants, governmental officers, outsourcers, agents and specialists and context analysis, this research paper would like to have an overview on the historical background, the current situation of DOIT’s outsource and its management, to describe the difficulties and problems for the outsourcer (DOIT) and the agents (research institutes and corporations). This research paper would also illustrate policies, legal part, such as public procurement act and decision-making strategies of outsourcing of DOIT. At the end, this paper will give suggestions for DOIT’s outsource. First of all, from organizational aspect, the important findings are as followed. 1.Originally, the demand of outsource exists earlier than the supply. More precisely, the agents reinforce the government to have a way working on scientific technology development projects properly. 2.DOIT subsidizes the research institutes to carry out these projects in order to exchange intangible assets of the research institutes, such as human capital and so on. Nevertheless, the real cost is not less. 3.The agents carry out these projects, but outsourcer needs to take the responsibility of the consequences. 4.Most agents are research institutes, which are fully subsidized by the government. Secondly, from the governing and managing aspect, the findings are as below. 1.Administrative governance puts more emphasis on the executive process of these projects than the results per se of the projects. 2.About the management of research and development results, DOIT focuses on the comparison between anticipating and real effects. 3.Each year the outsourcing contracts between DOIT and those agents have to be either re-new or re-made. It makes the relationship between two parties less reliable. Thirdly, from the psychological aspect, the subsidies from government for the agents are less and less. And repeating the same way will be the tarp of inertia for outsourcers and agents and it will make it difficult to have breakthrough or new ides. Finally, in this research paper give some suggestions to the findings for the governmental outsourcing management for scientific technology development project. 1.DOIT needs to clearly state who should take responsibility. 2.DOIT should simplify the procedure by making better use of information communication technologies. 3.DOIT should emphasize more on finding a better way in coping with the termination of an outsourcing contract. 4.The original governing and managing module should be revised. New module, “peer review” and multi-year contract, should be taken into consideration. Keywords: Scientific technology development project, Outsourcing, Public procurement act, Management

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