社會福利與產業競爭力是一個因果關係一直是爭論不休的問題，到底是先有好的產業還是要先有好的社會福利？就如同先有雞還是先有蛋？本論文在研究世界上身心障礙福利比較好的國家，相對的該項福利相關的企業全球競爭力較其他國家更強，此論文以歐洲的丹麥、瑞士助聽器產業以及澳洲的人工電子耳產業與福利政策為例，發現好的福利社會福利如同好的土壤可以長出好的相關產業產生全球競爭力，在全世界所賺的錢足以挹注該國的相關福利，產生良性循環，在國家正在轉型與生物科技發展的時候，有很好的啟示與鼓勵。 本研究之文獻探討針對社會福利政策與身心障礙福利政策意涵與發展討論，了解目前台灣的福利政策現況與存在問題，探討過去研究有關社會福利與經濟發展的文獻。針對聽障福利，由造成聽障原因與種類開始介紹，了解助聽器的發展乃至人工電子耳等相關資訊，對於目前產業現況也做一詳細介紹，從中了解助聽輔具產業的相關特性與背景。之後進一步討論聽障福利在各個不同國家的做法，針對丹麥、瑞士、澳洲、台灣以及大陸的聽障福利加以探討，最後針對丹麥、瑞士、澳洲，三個國家中，擁有強烈競爭力的公司，分析具體競爭優勢所在。 本文研究以台灣目前助聽器產業發展現況分析，並提出建議。接著對產業政策以人才培育、市場發展、研發專利等方向切入，培養產業競爭力。最後借助中國大陸為市場，提出相對應策略。在資源有限需求無限的情況下，結合產業政策與社會福利政策共同推行，使相關產業進而發展成具有全球競爭力的產業，該產業所創造的收益將足以讓聽障福利的得更多的幫助，從各國的分析可知，不僅能自足還有盈餘，充分證明只要有好的聽障福利政策，廠商發現有發展潛力，自然會努力發展出更有競爭力及創新的產品進到成為有全球競爭力的產業，成為良性循環。

本研究之研究對象為「聽障網路使用者」。探討之主題為：一、聽障網路使用者之傳播工具使用偏好概況；二、聽障網路使用者使用網路獲取資訊之情形；三、聽障網路使用者以網路與他人互動溝通之情形；四、網路傳播對聽障者社會參與之影響。 研究設計方面，先以質化的參與觀察及深度訪談法進行前導性研究，再以量化的網頁及書面問卷進行調查研究。最後共回收307份有效樣本，進行統計分析。 綜合質化及量化研究的結果，對目前聽障傳播政策有以下建議： （一）考量不同的聽障特質，選擇適合的傳播方式 （二）電視節目加設字幕 （三）補助聽障者之簡訊及寬頻費用 （四）善用網路服務聽障市民 （五）加強社會教育、宣導「聽障傳播權」概念 （六）落實聽障傳播權法規之執行 關鍵字：聽障、聾、重聽、傳播、網路、手語、社會參與、電視字幕 / This research is to investigate communicational behavior and preference of the people with hearing-impairment, and to investigate how the people with hearing-impairment use Internet to communicate with others and to access information. This research also aims at finding out how the Internet affects social participation of people with hearing-impairment. In order to gather excessive amount of data, participant observation and in-depth interviews were used as pilot study in this research. After pilot study, a sample data about 307 people with hearing-impairment was collected via web survey and general survey. Based on the findings of this research, there are the following suggestions: 1.In order to achieve better communication effect, the government should use different communication channels when communicating to different type of people with hearing-impairment. 2.Add captions to all television programs. 3.Grant people with hearing-impairment subsidy to purchase SMS services from mobile phone companies and to purchase broadband network services. 4.0ffer services via Internet to people with hearing-impairment. 5.Propagate the communication rights of people with hearing-impairment by social education. 6.Enforce correlative rules to assure the communication rights of people with hearing-impairment. Key words: hearing-impairment, deaf, hard of hearing, communication. Internet, sign language, social participation, captions

邁入數位電視紀元乃是全球之趨，而其對於增進身障者獲取各類資訊的「媒介近用權」具有莫大助益，其中針對聽障社群接取內容最重要的近用需求──「字幕」和「手語」服務，在數位科技匯流發展下，皆可以「隱藏式」之方式供應，同時造福聽障和非聽障之傳播權益，以及減輕廣電業者相關技術的支付成本。因此，近用服務的提供從過去的消極被動轉向現今的積極樂觀。而外國先進國家大多皆以公共廣電媒體之設立價值與目標，作為該國近用服務推動的核心主體，希望藉由數位電視的技術研發，達成更多聽障輔助應用之需求和供應滿足，協助其順利進入數位包容社會。故本研究以探詢國外落實近用服務情形，以做為我國公共廣電服務借力使力之參考，期許對我國聽障社群在傳播權益上產生影響。 　　 　　研究發現，英國、歐盟針對聽障社群的媒體近用落實，無論在法規的制定、實務的推行以及技術的研發等各層面皆有所重視，認為數位電視平台的時代，應協助聽障融入數位包容社會，並設法增進其傳播權益，以彰顯聽障與一般大眾之平權的公民地位；而在我國公視部份，其營運目標始終視英國BBC為效法對象，希冀在內、外資源充份下能達至同BBC供應近用服務之標準水平。然而在多種因素交織下，現階段公視對於聽障媒體近用服務的提供，則依舊保持類比電視時代之作為，不過，經本研究與其互動後了解，公視未來可能朝向增加其他近用服務項目發展，期望數位電視真正來臨時，其能化過往被動態度轉向積極進取：公視目前在電視平台持續兩個「手語專門」節目的製播，並預計規劃將手語服務擴大至「運動」類型節目，以符合聽障收視的期待；至於字幕服務，在已完備的基礎上，試圖朝向「表情字幕」與「即時字幕」發展；另外，於2011年HiHD數位頻道將推出「隱藏式字幕」功能。在網路平台方面，公視服務仍然延伸至電視頻道的節目宣傳與相關資訊供給為主，對於加強聽障的網路近用權益，例如「無障礙網頁空間」以及「近用小組」，認為必然有公共義務介入加以落實，但礙於目前並無相關資源規劃與投入，因此要實際推行仍有很大的進步空間。 / The main purpose of this study is to discover the practice of the right of media access in foreign countries, in order to provide reference to Taiwan’s Public Service Broadcasting (PSB) and to make progress on communication interests for hearing impaired community. “Caption” and “Sign Language” are the most important tools for hearing impaired people to gather all kinds of information and fulfill the necessity of access service. Under the digital convergence, these tools can be provided in special ways, which makes the hearing impaired people and the hearing people share the benefits simultaneously and the cost-down effect of broadcasting industry. We know that most developed countries positioned their access service project by referring to nation’s PSB. They believed the new era of digital TV is a solution to attend the balance between demand and supply of hearing impaired aid applications. While the provision of access services is getting more active and optimistic, the digital inclusion is much close to us. The study shows, British and Europe Union think they should assist hearing impaired people to be involved in e-Inclusion society and highlight equally citizen status by enhancing the rights of hearing impaired people. All the aspects such as regulation enactments, practical implementations and technique developments has been considering all the time on the stage of digital TV platform. Just like the BBC in British area, Public Television Service (PTS) in Taiwan is taking BBC as a benchmark to achieve the access services standard in condition of sufficient resources. However, changing the status quo is not so easy for inextricably interwoven reasons. PTS still works in an analog status. In spite of the circumstances haven't changed much till now, there are much more possibilities in the future. The study discovered some new progressive plans are possible for PTS’s access services in digital journey: PTS will continue to provide two programs which are sign-presented, and moreover, sign language service is going to show up in sports genre; As to caption services, PTS is working on facial expression caption and real-time caption provision; HiHD would have closed caption function in 2011. In the case of Internet platform, PTS is focused on propaganda and related information of TV programs. Barrier-free web space and access group are considered necessary for strengthening hearing impaired people’s Internet access rights and interests, but with insufficient resources planning and investment to put into realization. We can see there is still so much to do if we believe we have the affirmative obligations.