行動電視是發展行動商務的重要基礎，近年來由於傳輸技術的進展使得行動電視服務的提供成為可能，透過數位電視廣播技術與行動通訊網路的整合包裝，業者可提供更豐富的行動商務內容。行動通訊業者、廣播電視業者，及手機業者由於亟欲開發下一波的主流商品和服務，紛紛投入行動電視的相關發展。不過，行動電視屬於全新且跨領域的商業模式，還有許多問題有待克服。本研究企圖將這些問題釐清，除了探討行動電視價值鏈上各價值活動的發展方向以及整合模式，亦進一步探討行動電視服務的關鍵成功因素，以及南韓SK Telecom與日本NTT DoCoMo發展行動電視服務的策略。針對上述研究問題，本研究之研究結論如下： 1. 行動電視價值鏈的發展：內容業者必須針對手機平台開發專屬的節目內容；數位電視廣播技術以及行動通訊網路將朝向互補整合的方向，才能為消費者創造更多價值；手機製造業者必須克服天線、耗電量，以及體積的問題，並且設計容易使用的操作介面。 2. 整合模式：分為由行動通訊業者主導、由廣播電視業者主導、由行動通訊業者與廣播電視業者共同合作，以及由第三方業者提供服務這四種主要的營運模式。其中，行動通訊業者與廣播電視業者共同合作被視為較可能普及的營運模式。 3. 關鍵成功因素：透過產業資料分析以及專家訪談，本研究整理出以下六點要素，分別為政府的態度、良好的網路傳輸品質、終端設備的設計、各方可接受的營運模式、具吸引力的內容，以及可負擔的價格。 4. 個案探討：南韓SK Telecom與日本NTT DoCoMo皆非常注重內容的發展，除了重新設計節目內容、持續發展新內容，亦不斷累積相關的數位內容資源，由其策略發展重點，也可以再次印證關鍵成功因素—「內容」的重要性。 / Mobile TV is considered as the basis of mobile commerce. Through the integration of digital broadcasting and cellular network, companies can provide more mobile service. Due to the development of digital broadcasting and cellular network, offering service of mobile TV becomes possible. Mobile operators, broadcasters, and mobile phone manufactures are all eager to develop new products and service. Therefore, they start to develop mobile TV business. However, mobile TV is a brand new business model and relates to different industries. There are still lots of difficulties that need to be conquered. This research analyzes the development of mobile TV value chain, possible business models, key success factors, and the cases of SK Telecom and NTT DoCoMo. The following is the conclusion of this research. 1. Development of Mobile TV value chain: content providers have to develop exclusive programs for mobile phone; digital broadcasting and cellular network should be integrated; mobile phone manufactures need to conquer the problems of battery, aerial, and size. 2. Business model: there are four possible business models, inclusive of leading by mobile operators, leading by content providers, cooperation of mobile operators and content providers, and service offered by the third party. The third business model is considered as the one which will be popular. 3. Key success factors: there are six factors, inclusive of government’s attitude, good transmitting quality, design of hand-held device, business model accepted by all involved parties, attractive content, and acceptable price. 4. Case discussion: SK Telecom and NTT DoCoMo all think highly of the development of content. They plan to develop exclusive programs, enrich the content, and accumulate related digital contents. Their strategies reveal the importance of content again.

行動電視產業為無線電視產業、電信產業、內容產業、行動裝置製造產業等多方匯流共同合作下的結果。不同產業間合作前，可能產生不同業者在新產業中扮演的角色與定位、產業價值鏈/價值網之成形等問題。本研究研究目的在於了解國際間行動電視規範政策與管制議題，對於該國行動電視產業營運所產生的影響，以文獻分析方式選定日本、韓國、義大利與美國等行動電視市場較為成熟之國家分析其規範架構與營運模式之關係。並比較台灣、香港、新加坡政府提出之行動電視意見諮詢文件探討行動電視規範議題之制訂方向與業者回應。輔以深度訪談方法訪問我國主管機關與產業界對於行動電視業務開放之意見。最後依據台灣通訊傳播產業規範環境，由結構管制與內容管制兩方面討論行動電視產業規範架構之相關議題與未來可能之釋照方式，並提出其對應之營運模式發展建議。 針對上述研究問題，本研究主要結論如下： 1. 國際間行動電視執照類型包含：以營運平臺執照發放多頻電視平臺（MUX）執照，其執照內涵可包含頻率使用許可執照以及營運平臺經營許可執照；依傳輸服務經營內涵不同，分別發放「頻率執照」與「營運平臺執照」，前者發給廣播傳輸網路業者，僅能經營基礎傳輸業務；後者則為負責整合內容服務之營運平臺執照；而內容規範所需之執照，分為兩種規範方式：以傳統廣電法進行內容規範，或是參考歐盟視聽媒體服務，對於線性頻道節目採用較嚴格的廣電法管制，而非線性的隨選節目內容以低度管制進行規範。 2. 國際間行動電視營運模式發展同時會受到釋照方式不同所影響，釋照方式包含：審議、審議加競價、多回合競價方式。若以審議方式發給特定業者，行動電視營運模式將由特定業者主導，但需遵守較多義務規範；若以審議加競價方式釋照，可能將由廣電業者與電信業者共同經營行動電視服務。或是完全以競價方式拍賣頻率執照，其執照使用方式則最具彈性。 3. 在目前法律架構下，本研究建議行動電視適合以電信法開放，對於外資限制頻率租賃有較寬鬆規定。並鼓勵鼓勵廣電業者與電信業者合資組成團隊取得頻率執照，廣電業者擁有廣播傳輸網路以及內容產製能力，而電信業者同時擁有基礎網路以及與設備製造商議價之優勢，並且擁有龐大基本顧客群。並且建議行動電視市場發展初期，行動電視服務宜以其他電信服務搭售或以綑綁服務方式提供，以增加消費者使用黏度，並擴大市場規模，普及終端收視裝置市場。內容規範方面則建議採低度管制方式，頻道式節目內容以廣電法規進行管理，其他節目則按一般法律進行管理。 / Mobile TV is a newly converged service of television broadcasts, telecommunication services, and information technologies. Challenges arise from regulating the rapidly transformed technologies and proposing a suitable business model into a converging industry. The study aimed to examine different regulatory frameworks established in advanced mobile TV markets, and to categorize business models of mobile TV developed in those markets by reviewing government documentations, industrial research reports and conferences papers. In addition, the study interviewed key persons, including regulators, mobile TV trial team members and specialists, in mobile TV industries. Furthermore the study had made a comparison analysis of different mobile TV regulatory framework proposed by governments of Taiwan, Hong Kong, and Singapore. The study concluded that the mobile TV regulatory framework was architected by different regulatory approaches, including institutions which affect the content production, and institutions which had power on regulating stakeholders of media and telecom companies. The horizontal regulatory framework which included network layer, platform layer and content layer was mostly adopted by European countries in the converged age while regulating the newly risen mobile TV industry. The multiplex license could be treated as a network license and a platform operation license, and in other cases, the multiplex license was just the network license for the network operator. Some regulators extended existing digital terrestrial TV rules to mobile TV. As for the content regulation, regulators were taking light touch in regulating content, and adopting the Audiovisual Media Services Directive (AVMS) proposed by EU. AVMS had reduced the regulatory burdens for all audiovisual media services, and also modernized the rules on television advertising and product placement. The study suggested that the mobile TV in Taiwan was suitable to be regulated by Telecommunication Law, since Telecommunication Law had less restriction on the structure of stakeholders and foreign investments. Broadcasters and Telecommunication operators were suggested to joint as a new company to operate mobile TV service, since broadcasters, who were talented in content production, had broadcast network to transmit services to users; telecommunication operators, who were good at pricing, could use their advantages to set up bundling service to attract user in the nascent market.

全球主要國家正積極推展「行動電視」服務，手持式行動電視將整合無線電視台、手機、電信以及創意與內容產業，被視為新媒體藍海，電視業者與電信業者都有意搶攻行動電視這塊商機。手機結合電視將成為未來行動多媒體影音平台主流，但基於台灣在發展數位廣播技術與相關接收設備產品的時程，遠落後其他已開發國家及開發中國家，因此未來發展的不確定性仍高。本研究主要以SRI情境分析法，對未來五年內台灣行動電視產業的發展進行分析預測，亦進一步探討世界主要國家其行動電視市場發展成功的關鍵因素以及台灣行動電視產業的主要影響因素。針對上述研究問題，本研究之研究結論如下： 1. 在世界各國其行動電視市場發展成功的關鍵因素方面，包括終端設備的多樣性、政府對產業的整體態度、業者策略聯盟的效應、多元或專屬的內容、彈性的營運模式及市場內需需求量。 2. 在台灣行動電視產業發展主要影響因素方面，主要涵蓋政策、技術標準及市場環境等三大構面。 3. 在我國政府與業者在行動電視產業未來的發展策略方面，主要有四大重點策略包括重視軟體研發能力、成立獎勵投資方案、創造產品差異性以及強化進入障礙屏障。 / The world's major countries are actively promoting the "Mobile TV" service, handheld mobile TV will be integrated wireless television stations, cell phones, telecommunications, and the creativity and content industry, as new media’s BlueOcean, the television industry and the telecommunication operators have the intention to grab this business opportunities. Mobile TV will be a multimedia platform for future mainstream, but based on Taiwan in the development of broadcasting technology and related products, far behind other developed countries and developing countries, therefore the future development of the uncertainty is still high. This research is based on SRI scenario forecasting methodology to predict mobile TV industry development trend in Taiwan in the next coming 5 years period, also further explore the key success factors of major countries mobile TV market, and the main influence factors of Taiwan mobile TV industry. The following is the conclusion of this research. 1. The key success factors of major countries mobile TV market, inclusive of the diversity of terminal equipment, government’s attitude, the effects of strategic alliances, Diversity of content, Flexible business model and Market demand for domestic. 2. The main influence factors of Taiwan mobile TV industry, included policies, technical standards and market environment. 3. The future development strategy at mobile TV industry, inclusive of software development capacity, encourage investment program, create product differentiation and strengthen the barrier of entry barriers.