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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
1

行為財務基金在台灣的可行性研究 / The feasibility of behavioral finance mutual fund in Taiwan

湯晉維, Tang, Chin Wei Unknown Date (has links)
效率市場一直是傳統財務理論的核心,然而現實的投資環境中卻一再發現傳統財務學無法解釋的不效率現象,例如小公司效應(small firm effect)、本益比效應(price/earnings effect)、面值市值比效應(book value/market value effect)、元月效應(January effect)、週末效應(weekend effect)等。行為財務學認為投資人的行為偏誤是造成市場不效率的原因之一,而這些偏誤是會一再重複而有機可循的,因此發展出動能策略(momentum strategy)、反向策略(contrarian strategy)等,藉由研究投資人的行為對股票市場進行預測並投資。 台灣市場一直是散戶居多,而且又是屬於淺碟型的小市場,理論上投資人的行為偏誤將會更加顯著,也意味著行為財務學將有更多的發展空間,雖然行為財務學的理論已經被廣泛的實證研究,但是因為投資人的行為往往會因為不同地域、不同情境、不同時空等因素而有所差別,鑒於目前台灣市場尚未有相關的投資方式,因此希望藉由本研究促進國內產學界更深入探討行為財務學在投資方面的應用,進而促使台灣投資市場的更加效率。 / Efficient market has been the core of traditional financial theory. However, in real world, unexplainable phenomenon of inefficiency has been discovered, e.g., small firm effect, price/earnings effect, book value/market value effect, January effect, weekend effect, etc. According to behavioral finance, investors’ behavior biases are one of the main causes, and these biases will repeat themselves. Therefore, momentum strategy and contrarian strategy are performed in investment to try to forecast the market. Taiwan stock market is small and has been full of undisciplined individual investors. Theoretically, investors’ behavior biases are more easily to find, which means behavioral finance should apply better in Taiwan. Although the theory of behavioral finance has been widely testified, the outcomes are always different from areas, scenarios, times etc. Considered that, behavioral finance has not been applied in Taiwan stock market. This study focuses on application of behavioral finance in Taiwan. Hope that through this study to promote domestic industry and academy to deeply explore the application of behavioral finance in investment, thereby promoting more efficiency of the investment market in Taiwan.
2

行為財務基金之績效與其未來展望 / The Performance and Future Prospect of Behavioral Finance Mutual Funds

劉慧怡, Liu, Hui Yi Unknown Date (has links)
行為財務學理論認為人的思維是有限的,在判斷與決策的過程中,會受到諸多心理因素所干擾,產生各種系統化的錯誤。行為財務基金即是利用人們有限心理下所產生的判斷偏見及行為弱點,在市場中創造出投資的機會,透過有紀律的操作方式,從非理性投資人行為所導致的市場異常現象中獲利。 本研究以J.P. Morgan在美國發行、主要投資於美國證券市場的五檔Intrepid行為財務基金為績效表現之實證研究對象,結果發現Intrepid系列基金自成立以來,績效走勢與大盤指數基金及同類型基金指數呈同向變動,其報酬與各類型基金指數之報酬相符,證實行為財務基金之操作策略是可行的。由於目前國內尚未出現以行為財務學理論為操作策略之共同基金,而國內證券市場又是以最容易發生心理偏誤的散戶投資人為主,因此,本研究認為行為財務基金在國內之發展是有其可行性的,發展行為財務基金對於國內投資人及投信業者而言,不僅是一種新的投資思維,也是另一種投資策略的選項。
3

投資人的偏好固定嗎?

徐新舫 Unknown Date (has links)
本研究利用台灣證券交易所1992到2006年的投資人成交資料,來研究散戶投資人之交易偏好是否隨時間經過而改變的原因。本研究結果顯示散戶投資人買進股票時對於股票特性的偏好(如本益比、規模、帳面價值對市價比等)會隨著時間經過而改變,此外每個年度買進股票的數目並非隨時間經過而維持一致。最後每年度均在市場交易的散戶投資人,其選擇股票的偏好傾向高周轉率、低報酬率標準差、以及高帳面價值對市價比的股票,顯示持續參與市場的投資人,其買進股票的行為較為傾向風險趨避。 / In this paper, investors’ trading records from TSEC for the period from 1992 to 2006 are used to do the research about whether the preferences of individual investors have changed from time to time. Also, the results show that the buying preferences of individual investors, such as P/E ratio, size, and book-to-market ratio, changed year by year and their numbers of purchased stocks also changed every year. In addition, the research takes the individuals who traded every year as samples to trace their behaviors, and the result shows they preferred to stocks with high turnover ratio, low standard deviation of stock return, and high book-to-market ratio when they were picking stocks. From this result implies that individuals who consistently participated in the stock market behaved as risk-averse investors.
4

運用向量誤差修正模型探討產業與股市大盤間資訊傳遞速度

楊淳如, Yang, Chun Ju Unknown Date (has links)
傳統財務理論認為市場具有效率,在投資人理性且追求最大效用的假設下,股價應能立即且完整的反應所有資訊,但近年來許多學者研究發現一些違反傳統定價理論和效率市場的實證結果。為解釋上述傳統定價理論無法解釋的異常現象,以心理學對投資人決策過程的研究成果為基礎,重新檢視整體市場價格的行為財務學便獲得重視。 本研究以1988年至2007年間,亞洲四小龍(台灣、香港、新加坡、南韓)與四小虎(泰國、菲律賓、馬來西亞、印尼)等八國大盤與各產業股價資料檢視:(1)產業股價報酬率是否直接影響大盤未來報酬率;(2)產業股價報酬率是否透過總體經濟指標,影響大盤未來報酬率。主要實證研究方法採用誤差修正模型,相較於最小平方法,此模型可以避免假性迴歸之情形,同時考慮多個變數間的長期均衡關係與短期動態調整。除可以直接分析產業股價報酬率對大盤未來報酬率的影響,亦可利用因果關係檢定探討產業股價報酬率如何透過總體經濟指標,影響大盤未來超額報酬率,即間接影響效果。 本文發現台灣部分產業報酬率,對未來大盤超額報酬率具有直接或間接影響;至於其他七國,亦有相似情況,顯示投資人無法即時解讀產業資訊對未來總體經濟的影響,導致產業資訊於產業與大盤間緩慢擴散。
5

基金費用與投資人行為:以台灣開放式股票型基金為例

江郁青 Unknown Date (has links)
我國共同基金市場自1983年發展至今,成長非常快速,已經成為國人不可或缺的投資工具之一。 過往有許多國內學者在基金方面的研究,著重基金績效的探討,直到近年漸漸有學者注意投資人負擔的成本,開始注意基金各種費用的收取方式,但研究的重點仍是在基金費用對基金績效的影響。近年來由於行為財務學的興起,對於投資人在共同基金投資人的申購與贖回行為,開始有了不同的研究與實證結果 本研究利用台灣開放式股票型基金1998年1月至2006年12月的月資料共108期資料,參考Barber, Odean and Zheng(2004)的研究方法與模型設計,探討台灣投資人申購基金的行為與基金費用的關係之外,利用將樣本資料分為三個不同的期間的方式,探討基金市場對費用是否具有越來越規避的學習效果。此外,引用Liu and Wang(2007)的研究方法,利用不同設定方式將投資人作分類,檢視不同的投資人對基金費用的反應是否相同。研究結論如下:一、基金費用與基金淨現金流量具有負向的關係,顯示投資人偏好費用較低的基金。二、將基金市場分為1998年至2000年、2001年至2003年、2004年至2006年三期,研究結果顯示市場對於基金費用有越來越規避的現象,可見市場學習效果存在。三、利用2003年1月至2006年12月的受益人人數資料,設定法人效果的虛擬變數,研究結果顯示法人投資人較多的基金,其基金淨現金流量對於基金費用的效果更加負向,代表法人投資人相較於一般投資人對基金費用更為規避,推測可能原因為:法人投資人具有資訊優勢,在選擇投資基金時可以挑選出費用收取較低,績效表現佳的基金。 / Mutual funds become more and more important since 1983. Its size grows rapidly and lots of investors in Taiwan. However ,the main research about mutual fund is focus on its performance and performance persistence. Recently behavioral finance becomes more and more popular and scholars begin to notice the cost of mutual funds and its impact on investor’s behavior. We choose Taiwan equity fund as our target during 1998 to 2006, analyzing the relationship between mutual funds expense and investor’s behavior. Besides, we separate or data in three groups, analyzing the learning effects in Taiwan mutual funds market. We also try to separate institution investors and individual investors, analyzing their behavior. The conclusions are shown as below:1.Mutual funds expense and funds new cash flows are negative related. This results show that investors prefer low expense funds.2.Separating the data in 1998 to 2000,2001 to 2003 and 2004 to 2006,the negative relations between mutual funds expense and funds new cash flows are more and more significant. The results show that Taiwan mutual funds market has learning effects.3.Institutional investors are more sensitive to mutual fund expense. We assume that institutional investors have more information and low searching cost. They have the ability to choose funds that perform well and have charge lower expense.
6

給個別投資人的理財建議—以國內代客操作為例

高郁惠, Kao, Yu-Hui Unknown Date (has links)
本研究先從行為財務學的角度出發,探討個別投資人以及國內代客操作業者在投資時常犯的錯誤有哪些、哪些屬性會影響投資行為,再配合相關的資產配置理論,希望能藉由行為財務學和資產配置理論的探討和實證,為個別投資人或代客操作經理人尋找建立最佳投資組合的原理原則,給予他們一些投資建議。實證結果發現: 在投資人風險趨避程度分析方面,代客操作經理人在面對愈風險趨避型的投資人時,無風險資產的投資比重應愈高,經理人的操作重點應在維持投組風險於投資人可接受的風險範圍內,不可一味以追求高報酬為優先考量,這才真正符合不同風險偏好投資人的需求。  在投資人能夠忍受的最大損失額度分析方面,本研究發現效率前緣上的投資組合報酬率和VAR之間呈現正比的關係,也就是報酬率高的投組,通常其最大可能的損失額度也會較高,這對代客操作經理人來說,在建構高報酬的投資組合時,其實更需要利用VAR來控管整體投組風險。除此之外,實證發現經理人將VAR控制在10%以上是較可行的,可能原因是台灣股市一天的漲跌幅就是7%,所以要將投資組合一個月的最大損失額度維持在10%以下對經理人來說是相當困難的。 在投資人對某類股的偏好分析方面,本研究發現投資組合的報酬率和風險以及電子類股的投資比重之間,是有明顯的正向關係,這表示代客操作經理人在電子類股投資比重越高,投資組合的報酬率和風險也會越高,所以在面對偏好電子類股的投資人時,代客操作經理人應更加注意風險的控管。  在考量景氣與不景氣時期的策略分析方面,本研究發現代客操作經理人遇上不景氣時期,應該要提高固定收益證券的投資比例,要降低電子類股的投資比重。
7

前期損益對投資人風險行為的影響 / The effects of prior gains and losses on investors' risk taking behavior

陳怡君 Unknown Date (has links)
Studies showed that prior outcomes do influence current decisions while we are interested in how prior performance affects individual investors’ risk taking behavior. Tracking 2,947 individual investors’ transaction in Taiwan Top50 Tracker Fund from June 2003 till December 2006, our empirical results indicate both the former risk taking and prior profits have significant influences on individual investors’ later risk taking behavior. We find a positive relation between later risk taking and prior gains but a negative relation between later risk taking and prior losses. Furthermore, according to the amount of prior gains and losses, we find those who experience large sum of gains or losses take far higher risks than those who have modest prior gains or losses.
8

台灣期貨交易所選擇權投資人的交易行為 / The Trading Behavior of Options Investors at Taiwan Futures Exchange

王銘駿, Wang, Ming Chun Unknown Date (has links)
在第一篇文章當中,我們論證了台灣選擇權市場的投資人交易行為符合Kahneman and Tversky (1981) 所提出來的框架效應. 更進一步, 我們發現投資人的專業程度, 交易複雜性, 與交易經驗能降低框架效應的行為偏誤. 在第二篇文章當中, 我們發現台灣選擇權市場投資人並無符合Thaler (1985) 所提出來的心理帳戶效應來編輯利得與損失. 但是對於混合利得與損失當中, 投資人仍有心理帳戶的現象來處理他們的選擇權部位. / In the first essay, we document support for the narrow framing effect proposed by Kahneman and Tversky (1981). Our findings that traders in an options market frame complicated investment decisions into the simpler ones support the narrow framing effect. Traders’ professionalism, sophistication and trading experience are negatively related with the degree of narrow framing, implying that these factors help to reduce investors’ behavioral bias. Our study bridges the gap between the psychological literature and financial literature in terms of the relationship between experience/sophistication and narrow framing. The results of this paper shed light on the decision-making process in an options market. In the second essay, complementary to Lim (2006)’s findings in regards to stocks market, we also claim that in a much more complex derivatives market, traders tend to frame gains and losses asymmetrically by editing or evaluating their outcomes into different accounts. Nevertheless, different from Thaler’s mental accounting theory (1985), we find investors are more susceptible to segregating losses and integrating gains when they liquidate their positions. Our empirical evidence shows that they also have asymmetry in the propensity to liquidate multiple options. The current study sheds a light on how investors perceive, categorize, evaluate and engage their outcomes in financial activities, in addition, under what circumstances investor integrate or separate their investment profits. The fact that investors’ responses to edit their outcomes vary across countries and securities markets highlights the complexity of human behavior and calls for further studies on a broader range of financial markets.
9

以財務遊戲驗證投資者過度自信 / Verifying overconfidence of investers through stock investment game

李侃奇, Lee, Kan Chi Unknown Date (has links)
許多研究發現投資人在面對不同情況時,會表現出過度自信之現象,其中最甚者為過度自信現象(overconfidence),亦有研究探討如何解決過度自信,使得投資人之資產配置更加效率。結果發現雖然無利益衝突之財務建議,的確能夠解決資產配置缺乏效率的問題,然而,採納者少之又少,而採納建議者仍會依照自己想法配置資產,使得財務建議效果下降,故本研究便發想,既然投資人普遍已有成見,何不從最根本的學校教育做起,使情況有所改善。 本研究利用實驗之方式,以政大學生作為研究對象,將樣本分為未修過財管大學生、修過財管大學生以及財管所學生三個子族群,首先以問卷調查其客觀及主觀特性,再進行財務投資遊戲以得出實驗結果,並加以迴歸分析。 實證結果發現,樣本整體呈現男性、年齡越小者容易發生過度自信現象,由於本樣本之年齡可代表財務教育程度之高低,可推論教育程度較高者可降低過度自信;在子族群中,過度自信之情形尤以修過財管之大學生為嚴重,在未修過財管之大學生及財管所研究生中則不顯著,有”半瓶水響叮噹”之可能,而過度自信現象在財管所研究生族群中不顯著,代表財務教育程度的確能夠有效消除過度自信之現象;風險分散程度方面,樣本整體呈現男性、風險態度較高者之多角化程度較低。研究過程中發現,財務教育程度高之族群,較為了解自己之風險態度,會依照其風險承受度來作資產配置,且未修過財管大學生及修過財管大學生中,男性多角化程度顯著較低;在財管所碩士班學生之樣本,此現象則不顯著。若將多角化程度較低,視為過度自信之指標,亦代表財管所碩士班男性較不容易發生過度自信現象。由以上結果作出財務教育程度越高,的確能夠消除行為偏誤之結論,且財務教育程度越高者,更能夠了解自身之風險態度,並作出相應之資產配置。
10

市場情勢與投資人情緒對動能策略之影響 / Market States, Investor Sentiment and Momentum Strategies

楊承諺, Yang, Chen Yen Unknown Date (has links)
本研究主要探討投資人的積極程度以及市場的樂觀程度是否會影響動能策略之獲利能力。本研究利用1973至2013年間美國個股進行實證研究,結果驗證了動能策略於樣本期間能有顯著的獲利。進一步的實證結果顯示,規模較小且交易量成長率較低的公司存在極短期(一個月內)反轉的現象。此外,在市場樂觀期間(較多的首次公開發行的公司家數、較高的消費者信心指數或較低的恐慌指數)動能策略之獲利能力較佳且顯著。因此,我們建議投資人能在市場樂觀期間對規模較小的公司進行動能策略,將可得到較高的預期超額報酬。 / The main purpose of this study is to investigate whether the activism of investors and the sentiment of the market can affect the profitability of the momentum strategy. Using individual firms during 1973 to 2013 as the sample, this study reexamines and confirms the profitability of the momentum strategy. The further empirical result shows that firms with smaller size and lower growth rate of trading volume exhibit a very short-term (within one month) reversal effect. In addition, during the optimistic period (years which have more firms conducting initial public offerings, higher consumer confidence index, or lower VIX), the profitability of the momentum strategy is significantly higher than that during the passive period. Therefore, a suggested trading strategy applying momentum strategy to small firms during the high sentiment period may yield a superior performance.

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