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Det finns många olika sätt att genomföra inlärningsaktiviteter i det moderna utbildningssystemet som det nu finns i skolorna. Men i en tid som snabbt digitaliseras har utbildningssystemet inte lyckats fånga eller lyckas med att implementera digitaliseringen på ett meningsfullt och effektivt sätt. Denna oförmåga att digitalisera har blivit alltmer utbredd för varje år som passerar med en minskning i matematisk prestanda hos studenterna, vilket tydligt framgår av det senaste resultaten som PISA utför varje år [1]. Utifrån dessa här upplysningar utarbetade den svenska regeringen ett finansierat forskningsprojekt för att förstå och undersöka orsakerna till detta fall i matematisk prestanda hos de testade studenterna. Men denna studie kommer inte att fokusera på PISA-resultatet. I den här undersökningen undersöker vi huruvida pedagogiska spel kan vara ett svar för att negera eller stoppa dessa fall i matematiska prestanda hos studenterna. Syftet med denna studie är att skapa ett pedagogiskt spel som är centrerat på att lösa matematiska problem på ett nytt sätt, som oftast inte ses i pedagogiska spel, detta genom att implementera designalternativ som oftast ses i högutvecklade videospel. Resultaten av denna studie visar att det finns några bevis som bekräftar att mer högutvecklade spel kan vara ett bra sätt att lära sig och eventuellt kanske nästa steg i skolsystemets utveckling, men resultatet visar också att den pedagogiska delen av spelet måste verkligen vara flexibelt och utmanande nog för att få spelaren eller studenten att komma tillbaka till spelet och lära sig mer. / There are many different ways to implement learning activities in the modern educational system as seen in schools nowadays. But in an era that is rapidly being digitized, the educational system has not really managed to catch up or succeed in implementing these digitalization’s in a meaningful and effective way. This inability to digitize has been growing more prevalent by each passing year with droppings in mathematical performance as shown in the latest result for the tests carried out by PISA [1]. Out of this enlightenment the Swedish government set out funding research projects in order to understand and examine the reasons behind this drop. But this study will not be focusing on the PISA result. In this study, we investigate whether educational games could be an answer to negate or halt these dropping in performance.The aim of this study is to create an educational game centered on solving mathematical problems in a new way not often seen in educational games, by implementing design choices mostly seen in highly developed video games. The results of this study show that there is some evidence that confirms that more highly developed games could be a good way of learning and possibly also the next evolution in the educational system seen in schools, however the result also show that the educational part of the game really has to be flexible and challenging enough for the player or student in order to have them coming back to the game and learn more.

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Yes / For a long time, Games Research suffered from what Jaakko Stenros and Annika Waern classified as the Digital Fallacy – the tendency to regard analog games as a subset of digital games rather than the other way around. Where boardgames were once associated with the past of games and learning and digital games with the future, there are now fresh insights and applications for boardgames in learning – alongside with their renaissance as games for entertainment. Even as boardgames found new relevance in learning, the already-recognized possibilities in digital games for learning have continued to expand, with more flexible and ubiquitous tools and platforms allowing for a greater variety of avenues of learning research and practice to be explored. Augmented and mixed reality as well as virtual reality are frontiers in learning that beg for further exploration.

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ITC/USA 2008 Conference Proceedings / The Forty-Fourth Annual International Telemetering Conference and Technical Exhibition / October 27-30, 2008 / Town and Country Resort & Convention Center, San Diego, California / In a multi-user cognitive radio network, there arises a need for coordination among the network users for efficient utilization of the available electromagnetic spectrum. While adaptive modulation alone helps cognitive radios actively determine the channel quality metric for the next transmission, Game theory combined with an adaptive modulation system helps them achieve mutual coordination among channel users and avoids any possible confusion about transmitting/receiving through a channel in the future. This paper highlights how the concepts of game theory and adaptive modulation can be incorporated in a cognitive radio framework to achieve better communication for telemetry applications.

In this dissertation, I study the impact of behavioral influences on strategic economic decision making in three essays.The first essay explores the interpersonal implications of guilt aversion in strategic settings. In doing so, I first introduce a stylized 2-player game where one players has an opportunity to induce guilt upon the other player in a manner derived from findings in the psychology literature. I then develop an experimental design, centered around this game, that allows me to test (i) whether agents attempt to induce guilt upon others in self-serving ways, (ii) whether agents are susceptible to the guilt induction of others, and (iii) whether agents are more trusting when they have an opportunity to induce guilt upon others. Furthermore, I theoretically show, via an application of the Battigalli and Dufwenberg (2007) model of simple guilt, that effective guilt induction can be supported as an equilibrium of the game considered.In the second essay, I explore the influence of posted price fairness concerns in bilateral negotiation settings. In doing so, I propose a price fairness model where, in addition to their material payoff, buyers receive disutility from engaging in negotiations, and aggressively negotiating, when the price is fair. As a result, the model predicts that buyers will negotiate less aggressively and possibly even forgo profitable negotiations when the posted price is fair, which is consistent with prior survey evidence on negotiation behavior. I also include a thorough discussion of the differences between the price fairness model and main alternative approaches to modeling fairness that exists in the literature.In the third essay, I experimentally investigate how the decision making quality of an agent's opponent influences learning in strategic games. In particular, I test whether learning-by-doing and learning-by-observing become more effective in games when agents face an optimal decision making opponent. To test these hypotheses, I propose a novel experimental design that enables me to measure strategic decision making quality and control the decision making quality of the opponent.

This study focused on game physics, an area of computer game design where physics is applied in interactive computer software. The purpose of the research was a fresh analysis of game physics in order to prove that its current usage is limited and requires advancement. The investigations presented in this dissertation establish constructive principles to advance game physics design. The main premise was that transdisciplinary approaches provide significant value. The resulting designs reflected combined goals of game developers, artists and physicists and provide novel ways to incorporate physics into games. The applicability and user impact of such new game physics across several target audiences was thoroughly examined. In order to explore the transdisciplinary nature of the premise, valid evidence was gathered using a broad range of theoretical and practical methodologies. The research established a clear definition of game physics within the context of historical, technological, practical, scientific, and artistic considerations. Game analysis, literature reviews and seminal surveys of game players, game developers and scientists were conducted. A heuristic categorization of game types was defined to create an extensive database of computer games and carry out a statistical analysis of game physics usage. Results were then combined to define core principles for the design of unconventional new game physics elements. Software implementations of several elements were developed to examine the practical feasibility of the proposed principles. This research prototype was exposed to practitioners (artists, game developers and scientists) in field studies, documented on video and subsequently analyzed to evaluate the effectiveness of the elements on the audiences. The findings from this research demonstrated that standard game physics is a common but limited design element in computer games. It was discovered that the entertainment driven design goals of game developers interfere with the needs of educators and scientists. Game reviews exemplified the exaggerated and incorrect physics present in many commercial computer games. This “pseudo physics” was shown to have potentially undesired effects on game players. Art reviews also indicated that game physics technology remains largely inaccessible to artists. The principal conclusion drawn from this study was that the proposed new game physics advances game design and creates value by expanding the choices available to game developers and designers, enabling artists to create more scientifically robust artworks, and encouraging scientists to consider games as a viable tool for education and research. The practical portion generated tangible evidence that the isolated “silos” of engineering, art and science can be bridged when game physics is designed in a transdisciplinary way. This dissertation recommends that scientific and artistic perspectives should always be considered when game physics is used in computer-based media, because significant value for a broad range of practitioners in succinctly different fields can be achieved. The study has thereby established a state of the art research into game physics, which not only offers other researchers constructive principles for future investigations, but also provides much-needed new material to address the observed discrepancies in game theory and digital media design.