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Conceptual blending and the mapping of the inner recesses of the mind in Virginia Woolf's The WavesKhemakhem, Zied 06 1900 (has links)
Cette étude offre une lecture de The Waves de Virginia Woolf en tant qu’une
représentation fictive des “formes exactes de la pensée.” Elle établit le lien entre le récit de The Waves et l’expérience personnelle de l’auteur avec “les voix” qui hantaient son esprit, en raison de sa maladie maniaco-dépressive. La présente étude propose également une analyse du roman inspirée par la théorie de la “fusion conceptuelle:” cette approche narrative a pour but de (1) souligner “la fusion” de l’imagination, des émotions, et de la perception qui constitue l’essence du récit de The Waves, (2) mettre l’accent sur les “configurations mentales” subtilement développées par/entre les voix du récit, en vue de diminuer le semblant de la désorganisation et de l’éparpillement des pensées généré par la représentation de la conscience, (3) permettre au lecteur d’accéder à la configuration subjective et identitaire des différentes voix du récit en traçant l’éventail de leurs pensées “fusionnées.” L’argument de cette dissertation est subdivisé en trois chapitres: le premier chapitre emploie la théorie de la fusion conceptuelle afin de souligner les processus mentaux menant à la création de “moments de vision.” Il décrit la manière dont la fusion des pensées intérieures
et de la perception dans les “moments de vision” pourrait servir de tremplin à la configuration subjective des voix du récit. La deuxième section interprète l’ensemble des voix du roman en tant qu’une “société de soi-mêmes.” À l’aide de la théorie de la fusion conceptuelle, elle met l’accent sur les formes de pensée entrelacées entre les différentes voix du récit, ce qui permet aux protagonistes de développer une identité interrelationnelle, placée au plein centre des différentes subjectivités. Le troisième chapitre trace les processus mentaux permettant aux différentes voix du roman de développer une forme de subjectivité cohérente et intégrée. Dans ce chapitre, l’idée
de la fusion des différents aspects de l’identité proposée par Fauconnier et Turner est
employée pour décrire l’intégration des éléments de la subjectivité des protagonistes en une seule configuration identitaire. D’ailleurs, ce chapitre propose une interprétation du triste suicide de Rhoda qui met en relief son inaptitude à intégrer les fragments de sa subjectivité en une identité cohérente et “fusionnée.” / This dissertation starts with the premise that Virginia Woolf’s The Waves is to be read as a “mind thinking” and as an expression of “the exact shapes” that the mind holds. It establishes the link between Woolf’s experience of writing The Waves and her obsession with the “voices that fly ahead;” i.e. the very voices that used to prey on her mind as a result of her manic-depressive illness. It also offers a reading to the novel inspired by Conceptual Blending Theory: this framework helps (1) account for the “blend” of sensory impressions, feelings, and imaginative thoughts that constitute the essence of The Waves, (2) make up for the dispersed and seemingly fragmented nature of the narrative by emphasizing the various “mental patterns” weaved by/among the mind’s different voices, and (3) enable the reader to pin down a sense of the protagonists’ identities by carefully following their “blended” mental processes. The argument of this dissertation is developed in three chapters: the first chapter uses blending theory to highlight the mental processes that lead to the crystallization of intense “moments of visions.” It shows how a sense of the protagonists’ subjectivities would emerge by virtue of the “patterned” insight gained in those peculiar moments of revelation. The second chapter reads The Waves as a “society of selves.” Using Blending Theory, it emphasizes the “patterned” mental connections weaved among the different voices, which allows them to gain a “situated” or inter-relational form of insight about their own subjectivities. The third chapter follows the mental processes that enable The Waves’ protagonists to construct a stable and coherent sense of identity through the mental integration of different aspects of their subjectivities. In this chapter, Fauconnier and Turner’s notion of “living in the blend” is used to show how, in the course of their subjective development, The Waves’ voices would achieve an overall sense of psychological and identitary “wholeness.” The chapter also accounts for Rhoda’s unfortunate suicide in terms of her inability to continue to live in the very blend of her personal identity.
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Faith lost and regained : the evolution of Anne Rice's critique of christianity in The Vampire ChroniclesVézina, Marie-Ève 08 1900 (has links)
Ce mémoire réunit trois romans de la série Les Chroniques de vampires de la populaire écrivaine américaine Anne Rice (The Vampire Lestat, Memnoch the Devil et Blood Canticle) afin d'étudier l'évolution de sa critique de la religion à travers l'écriture. Une analyse précise et complète de Lestat de Lioncourt, le personnage principal de la série, est faite afin de mieux comprendre l'impact de la transformation spirituelle du protagoniste sur l'ensemble de l'oeuvre de Rice. Dans The Vampire Lestat, le rejet de toute forme de croyances religieuses de la part de Lestat ainsi que la déconstruction et l'érotisation de rituels religieux traditionnels reflètent l'influence de l'athéisme. Memnoch the Devil représente la transition entre le refus de croire de Lestat et son retour subséquent à la religion catholique. Finalement, Blood Canticle symbolise le retour vers la foi du protagoniste et de l'auteur, en plus de marquer la fin des Chroniques de vampires de Rice. L'analyse s'inspire d'éléments biographiques afin de démontrer l'importance de la religion dans les récits de Rice, sans toutefois considérer ses romans comme des autobiographies. / This thesis brings together three of Anne Rice's novels from The Vampire Chronicles series – The Vampire Lestat, Memnoch the Devil and Blood Canticle – in order to study the evolution of her critique of religion in her writing. A precise and complete examination of Lestat de Lioncourt, the series' main protagonist, allows the reader to better understand the impact of his spiritual transformation on Rice's literary career as a whole. In The Vampire Lestat, Lestat's rejection of religious beliefs as well as the deconstruction and eroticization of traditional religious rituals hint at the influence of atheism. Memnoch the Devil represents the transition between Lestat's refusal to believe in religion and his subsequent return to the Catholic faith. Finally, Blood Canticle symbolizes both the protagonist's and the writer's return to the faith, in addition to the conclusion of Rice's Vampire Chronicles. The analysis uses elements from Rice's biography to indicate religion's importance in her works without considering these novels as autobiographies.
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No Laughing Matter: Shakespearean Melancholy and the Transformation of ComedyBernard, Jean-François 04 1900 (has links)
Mon projet de thèse démontre le rôle essentiel que tient la mélancolie dans les comédies de Shakespeare. J’analyse sa présence au travers de multiples pièces, des farces initiales, en passant par les comédies romantiques, jusqu’aux tragicomédies qui ponctuent les dernières années de sa carrière. Je dénote ainsi sa métamorphose au sein du genre comique, passant d’une représentation individuelle se rapportant à la théorie des humeurs, à un spectre émotionnel se greffant aux structures théâtrales dans lesquelles il évolue. Je suggère que cette progression s’apparent au cycle de joie et de tristesse qui forme la façon par laquelle Shakespeare dépeint l’émotion sur scène. Ma thèse délaisse donc les théories sur la mélancolie se rapportant aux humeurs et à la psychanalyse, afin de repositionner celle-ci dans un créneau shakespearien, comique, et historique, où le mot « mélancolie » évoque maintes définitions sur un plan social, scientifique, et surtout théâtrale.
Suite à un bref aperçu de sa prévalence en Angleterre durant la Renaissance lors de mon introduction, les chapitres suivants démontrent la surabondance de mélancolie dans les comédies de Shakespeare. A priori, j’explore les façons par lesquelles elle est développée au travers de La Comedie des Erreurs et Peines d’Amour Perdues. Les efforts infructueux des deux pièces à se débarrasser de leur mélancolie par l’entremise de couplage hétérosexuels indique le malaise que celle-ci transmet au style comique de Shakespere et ce, dès ces premiers efforts de la sorte. Le troisième chapitre soutient que Beaucoup de Bruit pour Rien et Le Marchand de Venise offrent des exemples parangons du phénomène par lequel des personnages mélancoliques refusent de tempérer leurs comportements afin de se joindre aux célébrations qui clouent chaque pièce. La mélancolie que l’on retrouve ici génère une ambiguïté émotionnelle qui complique sa présence au sein du genre comique. Le chapitre suivant identifie Comme il vous plaira et La Nuit des Rois comme l’apogée du traitement comique de la mélancolie entrepris par Shakespeare. Je suggère que ces pièces démontrent l’instant où les caractérisations corporelles de la mélancolie ne sont plus de mise pour le style dramatique vers lequel Shakespeare se tourne progressivement.
Le dernier chapitre analyse donc Périclès, prince de Tyr et Le Conte d’Hiver afin de démontrer que, dans la dernière phase de sa carrière théâtrale, Shakespeare a recours aux taxonomies comiques élucidées ultérieurement afin de créer une mélancolie spectrale qui s’attardent au-delà des pièces qu’elle hante. Cette caractérisation se rapporte aux principes de l’art impressionniste, puisqu’elle promeut l’abandon de la précision au niveau du texte pour favoriser les réponses émotionnelles que les pièces véhiculent. Finalement, ma conclusion démontre que Les Deux Nobles Cousins représente la culmination du développement de la mélancolie dans les comédies de Shakespeare, où l’incarnation spectrale du chapitre précèdent atteint son paroxysme. La nature collaborative de la pièce suggère également un certain rituel transitif entre la mélancolie dite Shakespearienne et celle développée par John Fletcher à l’intérieure de la même pièce. / My dissertation argues for a reconsideration of melancholy as an integral component of Shakespearean comedy. I analyse its presence across the comic canon, from early farcical plays through mature comic works, to the late romances that conclude Shakespeare’s career. In doing so, I denote its shift from an individual, humoural characterization to a more spectral incarnation that engrains itself in the dramatic fabric of the plays it inhabits. Ultimately, its manifestation purports to the cyclical nature of emotions and the mixture of mirth and sadness that the aforementioned late plays put forth. The thesis repositions Shakespearean melancholy away from humoural, psychoanalytical and other theoretical frameworks and towards an early modern context, where the term “melancholy” channels a plethora of social, scientific, and dramatic meanings. After a brief overview of the prevalence of melancholy in early modern England, the following chapters attest to the pervasiveness of melancholy within Shakespeare’s comic corpus, suggesting that, rather than a mere foil to the spirits of mirth and revelry, it proves elemental to comic structures as an agent of dramatic progression that fundamentally alters its generic make-up. I initially consider the ways in which melancholy is developed in The Comedy of Errors and Love’s Labor’s Lost, as an isolated condition, easily dismissible by what I refer to as the symmetrical structure of comic resolution. In both plays, I suggest, the failure to completely eradicate melancholy translates into highly ambiguous comic conclusions that pave the way for subsequent comic works, where melancholy’s presence grows increasingly cumbersome. Chapter three reads Much Ado about Nothing and The Merchant of Venice as prime dramatic examples of the phenomenon by which prominent comic characters not only fail to offer a clear cause for their overwhelming melancholy, but refuse to mitigate it for the benefit of the plays at hand. The melancholy found here creates emotional loose ends from which a sense of malaise that will take full effect in later comedies emanates.
In the next chapter, As You Like It and Twelfth Night are held as a landmark in Shakespeare’s treatment of comic melancholy. The chapter suggests that these plays complete the break from individual melancholic characterization, which no longer seem suitable to the comic style towards which Shakespeare progressively turns. Consequently, the final chapter undertakes an analysis of Pericles and The Winter’s Tale to demonstrate the fact that, in his concluding dramatic phase, Shakespeare returns to the comic taxonomies of melancholy in order to foster more forceful, lingering emotional impacts as a form of dramatic impressionism, a relinquishing of details in favour of more powerful emotional responses. In a brief coda, I read The Two Noble Kinsmen as the culmination of the dramatic treatment in melancholy in Shakespeare, where the spectral wistfulness that characterized the late plays reaches a breaking point. I suggest that the play bears witness to a passing of the torch, as it were, between the Shakespearean dramatization of melancholy and the one propounded by Fletcher, which was to become the norm within subsequent seventeenth-century tragicomic works.
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The Place of the Gods : Biblical, Tragic, and Humanist Modes in Shakespeare’s Antony and CleopatraTourki, Mohamed Ali 11 1900 (has links)
Ce mémoire se focalise sur la pièce Antony and Cleopatra de Shakespeare en relation avec la pensée biblique, l’humanisme de la Renaissance et les caractéristiques de la tragédie comme genre littéraire et philosophie grecque. La chute d’Adam et Eve dans la Bible, ainsi que le conflit entre le héros tragique et les dieux, sont deux thèmes qui sont au centre de ce mémoire. Le mythe de la chute d’Adam et Eve sert, en effet, d’un modèle de la chute—et par conséquent, de la tragédie—d’Antoine et Cléopâtre mais aussi de structure pour ce mémoire. Si le premier chapitre parle de paradis, le deuxième évoque le péché originel. Le troisième, quant à lui, aborde une contre-rédemption. Le premier chapitre réfère à l’idée du paradis, ou l’Éden dans la bible, afin d’examiner ce qui est édénique dans Antony and Cleopatra. La fertilité, l’épicuréisme, l’excès dionysien sont tous des éléments qui sont présents dans la conception d’un Éden biblique et Shakespearien. Le deuxième chapitre est une étude sur la tragédie comme genre fondamentalement lié à la pensée religieuse et philosophique des grecs, une pensée qui anime aussi Antony and Cleopatra. Ce chapitre montre, en effet, que les deux protagonistes Shakespeariens, comme les héros tragiques grecs, défient les dieux et le destin, engendrant ainsi leur tragédie (ou ‘chute’, pour continuer avec le mythe d’Adam et Eve). Si le deuxième chapitre cherche à créer des ponts entre la tragédie grecque et la tragédie Shakespearienne, le troisième chapitre montre que le dénouement dans Antony and Cleopatra est bien différent des dénouements dans les tragédies de Sophocle, Euripide, et Eschyle. Examinant la pensée de la Renaissance, surtout la notion d’humanisme, la partie finale du mémoire présente les protagonistes de Shakespeare comme des éternels rebelles, des humanistes déterminés à défier les forces du destin. / This thesis focuses on Shakespeare’s Antony and Cleopatra in relation to biblical thought, Renaissance humanism, and tragedy as a literary genre and Greek philosophy. The fall of Adam and Eve as well as the conflict between the tragic hero and the gods are two themes that are at the center of this work. The myth of the fall of Adam and Eve functions as a model for the fall—and thus the tragedy—of Antony and Cleopatra and is also the very structure of this study. If the first chapter talks about heaven, the second evokes the original sin. The third chapter investigates a ‘counter-redemption’. The first chapter refers to the idea of heaven, or Eden in the Bible, in order to examine the idea of Eden in Antony and Cleopatra. Fertility, Epicureanism, and Dionysian excess are all elements that are present in the conception of a biblical and a Shakespearean Eden. The second chapter is a study of tragedy as a genre fundamentally related to ancient Greek religious thought and philosophy—which is also the case in Antony and Cleopatra. This chapter demonstrates that the two Shakespearean protagonists are indeed similar to Greek tragic heroes, constantly defying gods and fate, thus, engendering their own tragedy (or ‘fall’, to continue with the myth of Adam and Eve). If the second chapter seeks to bridge Greek tragedy and Shakespearean drama, the third, however, shows that the ending in Antony and Cleopatra is different from the endings in plays by Sophocles, Euripides, and Aeschylus. Analyzing the philosophy of the Renaissance, especially the notion of humanism, the final chapter of this work introduces Shakespeare’s protagonists as eternal rebels, humanists who are determined to defy the forces of fortune.
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Eye and Ear in Wordsworth's PoetryHachaichi, Ihsen 04 1900 (has links)
Cette thèse de doctorat porte sur la phénoménologie visuelle et auditive dans la poésie du poète romantique Britannique William Wordsworth. Je soutiens que l’œil, bien qu’il soit usurpateur, joue un rôle fondateur dans le développement de la conscience chez ce poète. L’oreille, quant à elle, souvent présentée comme organe rédempteur, a aussi des imperfections. Ensemble, l’œil et l’oreille, dépassent leurs imperfections respectives et joignent leurs forces dans la construction du poème et, au- delà de cela, à la construction de la conscience du poète. / This thesis is concerned with the visual and aural phenomenology in Wordsworth’s poetry. It places Wordsworth’s aesthetics between the most immediate embodied experience and the most exalted operations of the mind. My contention in the first two chapters is that one way to understand Wordsworth’s ambivalence toward the eye is to consider that visual perception is not a substratum on which imagination is coated or fabricated. Both bodily vision and imagination constitute characteristic and, strictly speaking, necessary ways of seeing. In the third chapter I deal exclusively with the ear, its status as an “organ of vision” as well as its impairments. The fourth chapter concentrates on the notion of synesthesia and delineates how beyond their negativity the eye and the ear contribute evenly to the growth of the poet’s mind.
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Gender Performativity in Chaucer’s Troilus and Criseyde and Shakespeare’s Troilus and CressidaCotnoir-Thériault, Crystelle 08 1900 (has links)
No description available.
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The self and its complicated relationship with writing in The DiaryAshrafi, Shah Jehan Begum 06 1900 (has links)
My thesis presents my novella, The Diary. I explore psychological conflicts that arise in a person when he is not at ease with his way of thinking and acting. My plot depicts the main character Shadi’s inferiority complex, his guilt and his conscience. The twin sister, Shadia, is the other or feminine self in which Shadi, the male writer, mirrors himself since his childhood. Shadi becomes a con man in order to explore themes for his plays through a fraudulent business plan in real life. Shadi’s male ego is something constructed by patriarchy. My approach, in analyzing The Diary, is primarily psychoanalytical. I use The Mad Woman in the Attic by Sandra Gilbert and Susan Gubar, to support my story’s main theme. The male writer in my story imprisons his sister Shadia in his plays as he wants to fight his inferiority complex resulting from his twin sister’s intelligence. Shadia steps out of the male writer’s text to talk to the male author in a state of dissociation. Sigmund Freud’s works contribute in explaining Shadi’s madness. The female writer is the unconscious part of Shadi’s mind. She is his super-ego as she is his conscience. I also use Louis A. Sass’s Madness and Modernism to delve into my male protagonist’s psychosis. Thus, I portray him as someone who seeks “a wakening” (Sass 3) through the loss of reason. Simone de Beauvoir states that the woman is considered to be the Other in The Second Sex. I use the Other in psychosis as a positive concept although it invokes feelings of terror. Harold Bloom’s The Anxiety of Influence helps me to depict my male protagonist’s rebellion against his precursors. Helene Cixous’s “The Laugh of Medusa” explains the importance of l’écriture feminine in Shadi’s poems written in a state of madness. / Ma mémoire présente ma nouvelle «The Diary». J’explore les conflits psychologiques qui
surgissent chez une personne lorsqu'il n'est pas à l'aise avec sa façon de penser et d'agir. Mon
histoire représente le complexe d'infériorité de Shadi, sa culpabilité et sa conscience. Sa soeur
jumelle, Shadia, est le soi de l'écrivain, Shadi. Il se cherche en elle depuis son enfance. Shadi
devient un escroc pour explorer des thèmes pour sa nouvelle pièce de théâtre. L'ego de Shadi est
une résultante du patriarcat. Dans l'analyse de «The Diary», mon approche est principalement
psychanalytique. J'utilise The Mad Woman in the Attic par Sandra Gilbert et Susan Gubar pour
soutenir le thème principal de mon histoire. Shadi emprisonne sa soeur Shadia dans ses écrits car
il veut se battre contre son complexe d'infériorité provenant de l'intelligence de sa soeur jumelle.
Shadia sort du texte de l'écrivain pour parler à l'auteur. Les travaux de Sigmund Freud
contribuent à expliquer la démence de Shadi. La soeur est la partie inconsciente de l'esprit de
Shadi. Elle est son super-ego alors qu'elle est sa conscience. J'utilise aussi Madness and
Modernism de Louis A. Sass pour la étudier la démence de mon protagoniste, Shadi. Simone de
Beauvoir déclare que la femme est considérée comme l'autre. J'utilise l'autre en psychose comme
un concept positif bien qu'il invoque des sentiments de terreur. The Anxiety of Influence de
Harold Bloom m'aide à décrire la rébellion de mon protagoniste masculin contre ses précurseurs.
«The Laugh of Medusa» d’Hélène Cixous explique l'importance de l'écriture féminine dans les
poèmes de Shadi qui les écrits dans un état de démence.
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"This rhythm does not please me": women protest war in Dunya Mikhail's poetryAl-Athari, Lamees January 1900 (has links)
Master of Arts / Department of English / Gregory J. Eiselein / In her collection of poems The War Works Hard (2005), Iraqi-American poet Dunya
Mikhail presents her readers with unembellished insight into the Iraqi war from a woman's
perspective. This perspective is rarely voiced in Iraqi war literature which is dominated by male writers concerned with men's heroism at the battle front and boundless patriotism. At the same time, these male authors rarely depict Iraqi women's experiences of war beyond the battle
grounds. Even when women are present in such literature, they often share their men's point of view on war and voice only their acceptance of it. Mikhail, however, contemplates a counter narrative to this stereotypical female role by presenting women who protest war and the destruction it causes. Her poems portray mothers, lovers, sisters and daughters who protest war's
brutality and injustice. Some of the women in Mikhail's poems protest war by directly or
indirectly criticizing its institutions and condemning the leaders who promote it. While other
women in her work find that their protest lies in their de-fragmentation of the destruction and
loss caused by war, thus refusing its power over them and their loved ones. Yet, the most
important form of women's protest of war in Mikhail's work is recollection. Through the
recollection of their fragmented memories and lives, Mikhail's women manage to survive and
find a spark of optimism in the darkness that war has unleashed. Their survival and their ability
to re-establish their lives apart from war and the presence of men constitutes a powerful and dramatic protest of war's control over their lives.
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Twenty-First-Century Arab-Shakespeare encounters : adaptation, conflict, conversion, and revolutionHannachi, Madiha 12 1900 (has links)
Cette thèse étudie les adaptations arabes de Macbeth, Hamlet, Richard III et La Nuit des rois par Shakespeare au cours de la première décennie du XXIe siècle. Les adaptations arabes de Shakespeare à l'étude marquent le tournant du siècle et un tournant dans la représentation du conflit entre l'Occident, incarné par les États-Unis, et le Moyen-Orient. Ils fournissent un témoignage théâtral vif des changements dont la région a été témoin en racontant l'avancée des transformations tant sur la scène sociopolitique que dans les productions théâtrales shakespeariennes. La thèse présente également une analyse de la
notion d'adaptation en tant que conversion. Le caractère transformateur de l'expérience théâtrale et l'acte de transposer un texte shakespearien d'une culture à une autre favorisent une conversion culturelle qui donne de nouvelles significations à Shakespeare, en tant qu’auteur, et au processus de réception, notamment dans un contexte transculturel. / This dissertation examines Arab adaptations of Shakespeare’s Macbeth, Hamlet, Richard III, and Twelfth Night in the first decade of the twenty-first century. The Arab adaptations of Shakespeare under study mark the turn of the century and a turn in the representation of the conflict between the West, epitomized by the United States, and the Middle East. They provide a keen theatrical testimony to the changes which the region witnessed as they chronicle the progress of the transformations both on the sociopolitical scene and in the Shakespearean stage productions. The dissertation is also an examination of the notion of adaptation as conversion. The transformative nature of the theatrical experience and the act of transposing a Shakespearean text from one culture to another foster a cultural conversion that gives new meanings to Shakespeare as an author-function and to the process of reception, especially in a transcultural context.
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Ascetic Citizens: Religious Austerity and Political Crisis in Anglo-American Literature, 1681-1799Dowdell, Coby J. 17 January 2012 (has links)
Ascetic Citizens: Religious Austerity and Political Crisis in Anglo-American Literature, 1681-1799, attends to a number of scenes of voluntary self-restraint in literary, political, and religious writings of the long eighteenth century, scenes that stage, what Alexis de Tocqueville calls, “daily small acts of self-denial” in the service of the nation. Existing studies of asceticism in Anglo-American culture during the period are extremely slim. Ascetic Citizens fills an important gap in the scholarship by re-framing religious practices of seclusion and self-denial as a broadly-defined set of civic practices that permeate the political, religious, and gender discourses of late seventeenth- and eighteenth-century Anglo-American culture.
This thesis focuses on the transatlantic relevance of the ascetic citizen—a figure whose rhetorical utility derives from its capacity, as a marker of political and religious moderation, to deploy individual practices of religious austerity as a means of suturing extreme political binaries during times of political crisis. My conception of asceticism’s role in Anglo-American society is informed by an understanding of ascetic citizenship as a cluster of concepts and cultural practices linking the ascetic’s focus on bodily control to republican theories of political subjectivity. The notion that political membership presupposes a renunciation of personal liberties on the part of the individual citizen represents one of the key assumptions of ascetic citizenship. The future guarantee of individual political rights is ensured by present renunciations of self-interest. As such, the ascetic citizen functions according to the same economy by which the religious ascetic’s right to future eternal reward is ensured by present acts of pious self-abnegation. That is to say, republican political liberty is enabled by what we might call an ascetic prerequisite in which the voluntary self-sacrifice of civic rights guarantees the state’s protection of such rights from the infringements of one’s neighbour.
While the abstemious nature of ascetic practice implies efficiency grounded in economic frugality, bodily self-restraint, and physical isolation, the ascetic citizen functions as the sanctioned perversion of a normative devotional practice that circumvents the division between profane self-interest and sacred disinterestedness. The relevance of ascetic citizenship to political culture is its political fluidity, its potential to exceed the ideological functions of the dominant culture while revealing the tension that exists between endorsement of, and dissent from, the civic norm. Counter-intuitively, the ascetic citizen’s practice is marked by a celebration of moderation, of the via media. Forging a space at the threshold between endorsement/dissent, the ascetic citizen maps the dialectic movement of cultural extremism, forging a rhetorically useful site of ascetic deferral characterized by the subject’s ascetic withdrawal from making critical decisions. Ascetic Citizens provides a detailed investigation of how eighteenth-century Anglo-American authors such as Daniel Defoe, Samuel Richardson, Hannah Webster Foster, and Charles Brockden Brown conceive of individual subjectivity as it exists in the pause or retired moment between competing political orders.
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