《水滸傳》的創作從南宋初年至明代中葉，這四百多年來流傳的水滸故事，經過說書人的講演鋪陳、文人的潤飾增色，逐漸成熟完整，匯聚成一部精彩絕倫的通俗小說。小說設計了一百零八位英雄，這些好漢被賦予了不同出身、獨特相貌，以及各式穿著，繪製出一幅多彩多姿的水滸圖卷。《水滸傳》在人物登場時，往往以一套贊賦介紹人物從頭到腳的衣著，為讀者在腦海中畫出一個具體而鮮明的形象。由於「服飾」是一個人的「社會肌膚」，透過「服飾」我們可得知其身分地位、審美觀念、性格投射與所處的社會風尚，甚至能反映群體文化。《水滸傳》服飾琳瑯滿目，筆者透過文本的分析，將一百零八好漢的衣著，分為首服、上衣、下裳與足服、腰佩四類，逐一考掘形制內容、演化，宋、元、明三代服制與人物的穿用取向。其次探討服飾的質料與顏色，將質料分為棉麻、絲織、毛皮、金屬四類，研究服飾表現的物質文化；服色則採紅、青、白、黑、黃五色分述，闡發《水滸傳》服飾的穿搭美學。把人物服飾對應《水滸傳》的創作背景，瞭解小說反映出來宋、元、明三代紡織工藝的發達，帶動商品經濟活絡，形成豐富多樣的衣飾時尚以及崇奢僭禮的風氣。最後將服飾與人物形象結合探討，論述小說如何運用服飾勾勒《水滸傳》臉譜，研究服飾對人物外在的身分界定，與文本內在的書寫意涵。本論文從服飾的角度審視《水滸傳》，從中歸納出服飾是人物刻劃的途徑，是小說渲染情節的方法，也是社會風俗的具體反映，更是梁山好漢犯禁思想的表現，總結出《水滸傳》是通俗小說服飾書寫的轉型階段。 / The creation of The Water Margin went through a roughly 400-year span, starting from the beginning of Southern Song to the mid-Ming Dynasty. Stories of The Water Margin, performed, polished, refined and compiled by storytellers and poets, were made into one epic popular fiction, within which 108 outlaws, endowed with distinct backgrounds, appearances, and dress, made an animated landscape of Water Margin. The Water Margin introduces most of its characters’ complete outfits through a set of words of praise on their debuts, thereby portraying solid, bright images in its readers’ mind. Dress are socialized skin from which we tell one’s social status, aesthetics, projected nature, contemporary trends, and even collective culture from those of others’. The Water Margin presents 108 outlaws in a wide array of clothing which, in my textual analyses, was categorized into caps, garments, skirts and footwear, and waist ornaments. I explore the contents of their designs and transformations over time, and how people in Song, Yuan and Ming Dynasties designed and decided their dress in terms of wearing and functioning. Next, I’d discuss the textile—categorized into cotton and gunny, silk, hide and leather, and metal, in order to study the material culture embedded in dress—along with colors—red, cyan, white, black, and yellow included, so as to elaborate on the aesthetics of dressing. Comparing dress with the social context of The Water Margin’s creation gives insight to the highly-developed textile crafting in Song, Yuan, and Ming Dynasty, a crafting which promoted a booming commodity economy and thereby formed a miscellaneous dressing fashion and a luxury-worshiping, etiquette-violating atmosphere. Combining dress with the characters, I reason how each figure was shaped with what he or she wore, and study how one’s dressing defined his/her extrinsic identity and the textual implications inherited in the fiction. This thesis aims at scrutinizing The Water Margin through dress, concluding that dressing is a path to characters’ depictions, a manner with which the plot was embellished, a concrete reflection on social customs, as well as a representation of the 108 outlaws’ thinking of breaking prohibitions. The Water Margin, therefore, was at the stage of dressing depiction’s transformation in popular fictions.

Magister Legum - LLM / South Africa

This work deals with regulation and procedures that can be used for this. The theoretical part therefore presents the basic concepts of automation and controllers. The main part is the practical part. The purchased system consists of a regulated system, which must be set up correctly. Using system identification and known procedures, sample examples of how to best set the controller are compiled. The result is a sample laboratory task that automation students can try and gain experience with methods of setting up the controller.

No description available.

Diploma Thesis "Assistance of dignified life for the elderly - Social services in field" is focused on the field of social services for the elderly, which's main function is to enable seniors to remain as long as possible at home, despite difficulties with self-sufficiency and independence, leading to a better quality of life. Due to the aging of population and new trends in the way of care for the elderly, it was necessary to fundamentally change the way of this kind of care in the Czech Republic- the current requirements are quality of life, individual approach and subsidiarity. To create the background leading to providing quality services and care, there was the need to change the law. In 2007 came into force the Act 108/2006 Coll. on social services, which changed the setting of social services, their definitions, rights and responsibilities, funding, but also shifted the responsibility for providing services and quality control on the region, as well as for the availability of services. At the same time steps have been taken, which should support the market behaviour of service providers to achieve their accessibility, affordability and quality. The content of this work is to evaluate the Social Services Act in relation to European trends of care and assessment of the law, its applicability...

Diploma thesis "Effect of Act No. 206/2009 Coll. to community planning of social services in the Liberec region" deals with the influence of the Amendment to the Social Services Act No. 108/2006 Coll. on cooperation between local, regional and state level in social services planning in Liberec region. The thesis builds on the concept of civil society, principles decentralization and deconcentration and also relies on the theory of bureaucracy and public policy networks theory. In the thesis is used qualitative research approach. The chapters analyze community plans of social services in municipalities of Liberec region and also the mid-term developing plan of social services for the Liberec region. Based on document analysis are summarized Liberec region activities in the area of planning social services. There are evaluated semi-structured interviews made with actors of planning of social services, which explain the cooperation between three levels of governance (municipalities, region and state), the effect of political influence on the planning of social services and also understanding of the Act No. 108/2006 Coll. and its Amendment. It is worked also with stakeholder analysis and is discussed the future direction of Liberec region in the planning of social services. The thesis is case study of...

No abstract available. / Dissertation (LLM)--University of Pretoria, 2012. / gm2014 / Centre for Human Rights / unrestricted

This study examines the factors to consider in establishing an effective tax Ombudsman in South Africa. It seeks to establish how the democratic protection institutions such as the South African Public Protector and the South African Human Rights Commission and the Courts created in terms of the 1996 Constitution vis-à-vis the ways the South African Revenue Service‟ (hereinafter referred to as SARS) new court rules and Service Monitoring Offices safeguard and protect taxpayers rights against SARS‟ administrative abuses. The researcher reviews and analyses literature gathered from the following sources: the Australian and Canadian tax Ombudsman, the United Kingdom‟s tax adjudicator, the South African motor industry Ombudsman, the South African banking services Ombudsman, the South African Public Protector, the Tax Administration Act (28 of 2011) (hereinafter referred to as the TAA), the South African Constitution (108 of 1996), and other popular scientific articles and reports on the introduction of the tax Ombudsman in South Africa. The findings reveal the core factors that underscore the establishment of an effective tax Ombud in South Africa to include: independence, neutrality, credible review process and confidentiality. Other auxiliary factors with regard to the appointment of the tax Ombud are: leadership skills, honesty, integrity and courage. Furthermore, the provisions of the TAA, in relation to the appointment of the tax Ombud‟s funding, staffing, location, and powers with particular reference to cost recovery and disclosure of taxpayers‟ confidential information, impede on the tax Ombud‟s independence. It also emerged from this study that the independence of the tax Ombud‟s office is being over-emphasised, leaving other pertinent issues of equal importance, such as education and publicity, unattended to. The recommendations for this study revolve on the tax Ombud‟s appointment, budget and recruitment of its own staff, building a reputation of independence through public education and the power to recover costs. / MCom (South African and International Taxation), North-West University, Potchefstroom Campus, 2014

This study examines the factors to consider in establishing an effective tax Ombudsman in South Africa. It seeks to establish how the democratic protection institutions such as the South African Public Protector and the South African Human Rights Commission and the Courts created in terms of the 1996 Constitution vis-à-vis the ways the South African Revenue Service‟ (hereinafter referred to as SARS) new court rules and Service Monitoring Offices safeguard and protect taxpayers rights against SARS‟ administrative abuses. The researcher reviews and analyses literature gathered from the following sources: the Australian and Canadian tax Ombudsman, the United Kingdom‟s tax adjudicator, the South African motor industry Ombudsman, the South African banking services Ombudsman, the South African Public Protector, the Tax Administration Act (28 of 2011) (hereinafter referred to as the TAA), the South African Constitution (108 of 1996), and other popular scientific articles and reports on the introduction of the tax Ombudsman in South Africa. The findings reveal the core factors that underscore the establishment of an effective tax Ombud in South Africa to include: independence, neutrality, credible review process and confidentiality. Other auxiliary factors with regard to the appointment of the tax Ombud are: leadership skills, honesty, integrity and courage. Furthermore, the provisions of the TAA, in relation to the appointment of the tax Ombud‟s funding, staffing, location, and powers with particular reference to cost recovery and disclosure of taxpayers‟ confidential information, impede on the tax Ombud‟s independence. It also emerged from this study that the independence of the tax Ombud‟s office is being over-emphasised, leaving other pertinent issues of equal importance, such as education and publicity, unattended to. The recommendations for this study revolve on the tax Ombud‟s appointment, budget and recruitment of its own staff, building a reputation of independence through public education and the power to recover costs. / MCom (South African and International Taxation), North-West University, Potchefstroom Campus, 2014

Contemporary South Africa prides itself on having a Bill of Rights. For 84 years (1910 to 1994) public administration regulated the general welfare and lives of inhabitants in the finest detail, while being subject to almost only the whims and political objectives of the governing authority. On 27 April 1994 the 1993 Constitution introduced a constitutional obligation and radical change to the manner in which public administration must be exercised. Today, still an infant in experience relating to a bill of rights, public administration must be exercised with the Bill of Rights as an integral part of this inhabitant / governing authority interaction. The primary aim of this study is to attempt to describe the manner in which public administration was exercised, firstly, during constitutional dispensations prior to 1994 and, secondly, since public administration became subject to constitutionally entrenched fundamental rights. The empirical investigation is aimed at exploring and analysing the extent to which public administration has realised the constitutional obligation in practice. The results of the empirical investigation highlighted, primarily, that the majority of the officials that participated in the survey do not know of the Bill of Rights, and that half of those who do know of the Bill have little knowledge of its provisions. More than half of the respondents lack awareness of section 195 of the 1996 Constitution, which states that public administration must be governed by democratic principles enshrined in the Constitution. Barely one tenth of respondents were informed of the significance of the Bill and its role regarding public administration. The majority of respondents have not of their own accord studied the Bill and the Bill does not have the desired effect on the manner in which public administration is exercised. Two thirds of respondents have mixed perceptions as to whether to serve the interests of inhabitants above the political objectives of the governing authority and less than a quarter of respondents give recognition to the Bill when rendering public services. It seems as if South African public administration has a long way to go in adhering to its constitutional obligation in practice. / Public Administration / D. Litt et Phil.(Public Administration)