Yes / The imidazotetrazine ring is an acid-stable precursor and prodrug of highly reactive alkyl diazonium ions. We have shown that this reactivity can be managed productively in an aqueous system for the generation of aziridinium ions with 96% efficiency. The new compounds are potent DNA alkylators and have antitumor activity independent of the O6-methylguanine-DNA methyltransferase and DNA mismatch repair constraints that limit the use of Temozolomide.

Submitted by Viviane Lima da Cunha (viviane@biblioteca.ufpb.br) on 2015-06-02T12:16:09Z No. of bitstreams: 1 arquivototal.pdf: 1083776 bytes, checksum: 399c5b22353566747d56756453686cc3 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Viviane Lima da Cunha (viviane@biblioteca.ufpb.br) on 2015-06-02T12:55:19Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 arquivototal.pdf: 1083776 bytes, checksum: 399c5b22353566747d56756453686cc3 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2015-06-02T12:55:19Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 arquivototal.pdf: 1083776 bytes, checksum: 399c5b22353566747d56756453686cc3 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2014-08-26 / This research has as object of study the teaching of Financial Mathematics, with the aid of a tool: the Financial Calculator HP 12C, preparing citizens able to manage their own budgets and the labor market. Preliminary concepts concerning the theme are presented, followed by examples in context, pointing out the main factors that facilitate the understanding of each content. Being approached through practical applications, which makes learning easier, and increases motivation and students' interest. / Este trabalho de pesquisa tem como escopo o ensino da Matemática Financeira, com o auxílio de uma ferramenta: a calculadora financeira HP 12C, preparando cidadãos capazes de administrar suas próprias finanças e para o mercado de trabalho. Apresenta conceitos preliminares ao tema, seguido de exemplos contextualizados, apontando os principais fatores, que facilitam a compreensão em cada conteúdo. Sendo tratado através de aplicações práticas, que facilita a aprendizagem, motivação e interesse do aluno.

Submitted by Jaqueline Silva (jtas29@gmail.com) on 2014-09-30T20:52:20Z No. of bitstreams: 2 dissertação - Júnio César Mendes Simão - 2013.pdf: 1594402 bytes, checksum: fada126ea8a1b1a7b56dfeab5037ff06 (MD5) license_rdf: 23148 bytes, checksum: 9da0b6dfac957114c6a7714714b86306 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Jaqueline Silva (jtas29@gmail.com) on 2014-09-30T21:42:39Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 2 dissertação - Júnio César Mendes Simão - 2013.pdf: 1594402 bytes, checksum: fada126ea8a1b1a7b56dfeab5037ff06 (MD5) license_rdf: 23148 bytes, checksum: 9da0b6dfac957114c6a7714714b86306 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2014-09-30T21:42:39Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 dissertação - Júnio César Mendes Simão - 2013.pdf: 1594402 bytes, checksum: fada126ea8a1b1a7b56dfeab5037ff06 (MD5) license_rdf: 23148 bytes, checksum: 9da0b6dfac957114c6a7714714b86306 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2013-03-01 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - CAPES / This paper deals with the learning of some content from Financial Mathematics using the HP-12C calculator, to prepare citizens for both managing its own nances and for the labor market. The matter will be addressed through practical applications in a pleasant and e ective, with the intention to make students able to resolve nancial situations that present themselves in a critical way, not being carried away by misleading proposals. At the end we present some practical applications where advertisements will be analyzed. / Este trabalho trata da aprendizagem de alguns conteúdos de Matemática Financeira com a utilização da calculadora HP-12C, de modo a preparar cidadãos tanto para administração das suas próprias nanças quanto para o mercado de trabalho. O assunto será tratado através de aplicações práticas de um modo agradável e e caz, com a intenção de tornar os alunos aptos a resolver situações nanceiras que se apresentam de modo crítico, não sendo levados por propostas enganosas. Ao nal iremos apresentar algumas aplicações práticas onde anúncios publicitários serão analisados.

nÃo hà / Nesta dissertaÃÃo abordamos questÃes concernentes a MatemÃtica Financeira a partir de dois enfoques, o teÃrico metodolÃgico e o uso da tecnologia da mÃquina calculadora HP 12C. Nesse sentido, nosso objetivo foi de contribuir com o uso da calculadora HP 12C para os ensino fundamental, mÃdio e superior, proporcionando a esses alunos mais interesse e motivaÃÃo para compreender melhor um assunto tÃo importante para sua vida humana e profissional. Para tanto elaboramos um tutorial com operaÃÃes elementares sob o contexto da MatemÃtica Financeira proporcionando uma aprendizagem consistente para resolver situaÃÃes prÃticas e ter o discernimento entre comprar à vista e à prazo. Dessa forma o uso adequado do tutorial facilita um avanÃo na aprendizagem do contexto da MatemÃtica Financeira, auxiliando em uma avaliaÃÃo ou orÃamento financeiro sob o ponto de vista de prevà resultados de investimentos em um negÃcio. Abordamos tambÃm nesse contexto os sistemas de amortizaÃÃes de financiamentos atualmente em uso, capitalizaÃÃo simples e composta, fluxo de caixa, valor presente lÃquido, taxa interna de retorno e fundo de pensÃo. / The Financial Mathematics treated in this issue presents two points of view, the methodological theoretical and the use of the machine technology. Its purpose is to contribute with the use of the calculator HP 12C in the elementary, secondary and higher education, providing for the students more interest and motivation to learn subject like this in their professional lives. So, we elaborate a tutorial with elementary operations about the structure of Financial Mathematics that help to solve practice situations and obtain the discernment between buying the spot or forward. The adequate use of this tutorial, help to solve practice situations and understand how to work the Financial Mathematics and allowing to foresee the results of investments in business. We also treat in this tutorial the amortization of financing systems currently in use, simple and compound capitalization, cash flow, net present value, internal rate of return and pension fund.

Thesis (PhD)--Stellenbosch University, 2015. / ENGLISH ABSTRACT: Please refer to full text. / AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Sien asb volteks vir opsomming

Submitted by FERNANDA DA SILVA VON PORSTER (fdsvporster@univates.br) on 2016-11-30T18:06:35Z No. of bitstreams: 2 license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) 2016IomaradeAlbuquerqueMadeiraMartins.pdf: 3171751 bytes, checksum: 7f82be210e19e703640aa2b134bc0de8 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Ana Paula Lisboa Monteiro (monteiro@univates.br) on 2016-12-07T13:23:14Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 2 license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) 2016IomaradeAlbuquerqueMadeiraMartins.pdf: 3171751 bytes, checksum: 7f82be210e19e703640aa2b134bc0de8 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-12-07T13:23:14Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) 2016IomaradeAlbuquerqueMadeiraMartins.pdf: 3171751 bytes, checksum: 7f82be210e19e703640aa2b134bc0de8 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-11 / A atividade docente desafia o professor a utilizar práticas pedagógicas diferenciadas que contribuam para o alcance da aprendizagem dos alunos. Por isso, este estudo de caso com abordagem qualitativa teve como objetivo geral verificar como a utilização de práticas pedagógicas diferenciadas contribuiu para a aprendizagem de conceitos como juros, empréstimos e amortização nas aulas de Matemática Financeira, no Curso de Ciências Contábeis. O embasamento teórico está alicerçado em Berbel (2011), a qual defende a utilização de metodologias que permitam ao aluno associar a teoria à prática, e em Gimenes (2013) que traz para a reflexão quais os limites e as possibilidades da aplicação de práticas pedagógicas diferenciadas na melhoria do aprendizado dos alunos. A pesquisa foi desenvolvida ao longo de 10 encontros, durante o segundo semestre de 2015, com 46 alunos do Instituto Maranhense de Ensino e Cultura – IMEC do Curso de Ciências Contábeis, nos 3º/4º períodos, na disciplina de Matemática Financeira. Como procedimentos técnicos de coleta de dados foram utilizados mapas conceituais, fotos, filmagens, relatórios e questionário. Os resultados mostraram que os alunos envolvidos neste estudo, de posse de diferentes instrumentos, entre os quais a calculadora financeira HP 12C, fazendo uso da função especial BEGIN, puderam constatar, enquanto consumidores conscientes, que nem todos os estabelecimentos comerciais visitados cumprem o que é divulgado nas propagandas. Houve, assim, uma elevação significativa e qualitativa do suporte conceitual da temática em estudo. Por meio dos relatos dos alunos, também foi possível constatar que a utilização da Planilha Eletrônica Microsoft Excel possibilitou a criação das mais diversas situações, propiciando um aprender diferenciado. Enfim, os resultados apontaram que, quando o aluno pratica os conteúdos desenvolvidos em sala de aula, a partir de práticas pedagógicas diferenciadas, pode passar a ser um indivíduo mais atento e consciente na instrumentalização e na compreensão dos juros aplicados no mercado. / The teaching activity challenges the teacher to employ different pedagogical practices that contribute to the achievement of students’ learning. Therefore, this case study aims to assess how the utilization of different pedagogical practices can contribute to learning of concepts such as interest, loans and depreciation in Financial Mathematics classes, in an Accounting Major. The theoretical basis is from Berbel (2011), which advocates the use of methodologies that allow students to associate theory to practice, and from Gimenes (2013), that considers the limitations and possibilities of the application of different pedagogical practices in improving students’ learning. This research was conducted over 10 meetings during the second half of 2015 with 46 third and fourth-semester Accounting students at Instituto Maranhense de Ensino e Cultura - IMEC in the course of Financial Mathematics. Conceptual maps, photos and footage, reports and questionnaires were used as data collection instruments. Results indicate that students who utilized different tools, among them the HP 12C financial calculator, using the BEGIN special function, could realize that not all shops visited by them in this study comply with what is disclosed in advertisements. Thus there was a significant qualitative and conceptual elevation of the support of the subject under study. Through the reports made by students, it was also established that the use of Excel spreadsheets enabled the simulation of various situations, providing a differentiated learning. Finally, results indicate that when students exercise the contents developed in the classroom, using differentiated pedagogical practices, they may become more aware and conscious in relation to the instrumentalization and understanding of interest applied on the market.

La réaction de fusion 12C+ 12C marque un tournant dans l’évolution des étoiles massives. La section efficace présente des résonances jusqu’aux énergies d’intérêt astrophysique, généralement associées à une structure moléculaire dans le 24Mg. Au cours de cette thèse, la section efficace de fusion 12C+ 12C a été mesurée depuis la barrière de Coulomb jusqu’aux énergies d’intérêt astrophysique. La mesure en coïncidence des particules chargées et des γ a été employée. Un dispositif expérimental, STELLA, a été développé et construit au cours de cette thèse. Il comprend une chambre à réaction, des détecteurs annulaires au silicium, un mécanisme de cibles tournantes, un système de pompage pour vide poussé, un système d’acquisition digital, et une structure pour supporter 36 détecteurs LaBr3. STELLA a été installée auprès de l’accélérateur Andromède (Orsay, France) et une série d’expériences fructueuses ont permis d’obtenir des résultats cohérents au cœur de la fenêtre de Gamow pour la phase de combustion du carbone dans les étoiles massives. / The 12C+ 12C fusion reaction plays a key role in the late evolution of massive stars. Its cross section exhibits strong resonances down to the astrophysical region of interest, often associated with a molecular configuration of the 24Mg nucleus. In this thesis, the 12C+ 12C fusion cross section has been measured from the Coulomb barrier down to the astrophysical region of interest. The charged particle-gamma coincidence technique has been used. A new experimental setup, STELLA, has been developed and built during this thesis. It is composed of a reaction chamber, a set of annular silicon strip detectors, a rotating target mechanism, an ultra high vacuum system, a digital time-stamped data acquistion system, and a structure that fits 36 LaBr3 detectors. STELLA has been installed at the Andromède facility (Orsay, France). Successfull experiments have been carried out to extract fusion cross sections down to the Gamow window for the carbon burning phase of massive stars.

No description available.

Les procédés anaérobies de traitement de déchets apparaissent clairement pouvoir répondre à l'enjeu socio-économique actuel que représente la valorisation énergétique de la fraction organique contenue dans les déchets ménagers. En effet, les processus de dégradation anaérobies font intervenir en cascade, différentes réactions et populations de micro-organismes permettant de transformer la matière organique en biogaz riche en méthane. Une bonne connaissance des effets des paramètres opérationnels sur l'orientation des métabolismes s'avère ainsi nécessaire à l'émergence de solutions permettant d'optimiser ces procédés. Ceci est notamment le cas pour la dernière étape, appelée méthanogenèse. Dans ce contexte, l'approche isotopique reposant sur la mesure de la composition isotopique (13C/12C) du méthane et du dioxyde de carbone, devrait pouvoir répondre à cet objectif en permettant l'identification des métabolismes à l'origine de la production du méthane. La transposabilité à l'étude de la digestion anaérobie des déchets de cette approche isotopique déjà utilisée dans les écosystèmes naturels, a tout d'abord été vérifiée expérimentalement. Les effets de certains paramètres opérationnels connus pour avoir un impact fort sur le processus de digestion anaérobie, tels que la température et la concentration en azote ammoniacal, ont ensuite été étudiés. Il a été mis en évidence qu'en condition thermophile, la méthanogenèse acétoclaste observée en condition mésophile, était remplacée par une oxydation syntrophique de l'acétate lors de la digestion anaérobie des déchets ménagers. Des expériences sur acétate ont montré que cet effet sur les voies métaboliques n'était toutefois pas systématique et pourrait ne pas être dû à un effet direct d'une augmentation de la température, mais plutôt à l'accroissement de la concentration en ammoniaque qui en résulte. D'autres expériences ont clairement établi qu'une augmentation de la concentration en azote ammoniacal conduisait également à la mise en place de l'oxydation syntrophique de l'acétate. Le couplage de l'approche isotopique avec des analyses microbiologiques a révélé que cette réaction d'oxydation syntrophique de l'acétate, à haute concentration en azote ammoniacal, pouvait s'établir telle que déjà décrite, par la mise en place d'une relation symbiotique bactéries/archées hydrogénotrophes strictes, mais également de manière différente en impliquant des membres de la famille Methanosarcinaceae qui pourraient réaliser seuls les deux étapes de la réaction (oxydation et méthanogenèse hydrogénotrophe). L'application de l'approche isotopique a également permis de mettre en évidence, lors d'une expérience visant à simuler la recirculation de différents effluents au sein d'une installation de stockage de déchets bioactive, l'influence de la nature de l'effluent sur l'orientation des métabolismes méthanogènes. Enfin, l'influence de la proportion de déchets verts, lors de la co-digestion biodéchets / déchets verts, sur la concentration en ions ammonium libérés ainsi que sur l'orientation du métabolisme en résultant, a été étudiée. Les potentialités d'une utilisation de l'approche isotopique sur site ont également été investiguées au travers d'une campagne de mesures sur une installation de stockage de déchets non dangereux. / Anaerobic waste treatment processes are clearly part of the answer to a current important socio-economic issue in waste management: energy production from the organic fraction of municipal solid waste. The anaerobic digestion of municipal solid waste is a complex process involving numerous reactions and microorganism communities. At the end of the degradation process, some biogas with a particularly high methane content is produced. A detailed knowledge on how operational parameters affect metabolism orientations is required to optimize these treatment processes. This is in particular the case for the last degradation reaction called methanogenesis. In this context, an isotopic approach based on isotopic composition measurements (13C/12C) for methane and carbon dioxide can provide some clues with regard to this objective. Indeed, this methodology enables the determination of the methanogenic pathways by which methane is produced.Transferability of the isotopic approach used for natural ecosystems to the field of anaerobic digestion of municipal solid waste was first experimentally verified. In a second time, the effects of some operational parameters known to strongly impact the anaerobic digestion process, such as temperature and ammonia concentration, were studied. During anaerobic digestion of reconstituted municipal solid waste in thermophilic conditions, it was shown that aceticlastic methanogenesis (occurring in mesophilic conditions) was replaced by a syntrophic acetate oxidation reaction. Additional experiments using acetate as sole substrate were performed and showed that this effect on the metabolic pathways was not systematic. Consequently, it cannot be due to a direct effect of the temperature increase. It could rather be explained by the induced and indirect increase in ammonia concentration. Additional experiments clearly demonstrated that an increase in ammonia concentration led to the establishment of a syntrophic acetate oxidation reaction. The isotopic approach was combined with microbiological analyses and showed that the syntrophic acetate oxidation reaction occurring at high ammonia concentration during acetate incubations could have been performed through a syntrophic relationship between bacteria and strict hydrogenotrophic archaea, as previously described in the literature. Interestingly, the syntrophic acetate oxidation could also have occurred using a different pathway relying on members of the Methanosarcinaceae family putatively able to perform the two steps of the reaction (oxidation and hydrogenotrophic methanogenesis). In addition, the implementation of the isotopic approach during an experiment designed to simulate a landfill bioreactor evidenced the influence of the effluent's nature on the methanogenesis metabolism orientation. The influence of green waste proportion during the co-digestion of biowaste / green waste mixtures on resulting ammonia concentrations and methanogenesis pathways was also studied through dedicated experiments. Finally, the potential of the isotopic approach for landfill-scale application was investigated through a measurement campaign on a landfill site.

Mobile phones, tablet computers, laptops, desktops, and large screen displays are increasingly available to individuals for information access, often simultaneously. Dominant content access protocols, such as HTTP/1.1, do not take advantage of this device multiplicity and support information access from single devices only. Changing devices means restarting an information session. Using devices in conjunction with each other poses several challenges, which include the presentation of content on devices with diverse form factors and propagation of the content changes across these devices. In this dissertation, I report on the design and implementation of MIDAS - architecture and a prototype system for multi-device presentations. I propose a framework, called 12C, for characterizing multi-device systems and evaluate MIDAS within this framework. MIDAS is designed as a middleware that can work with multiple client-server architectures, such as the Web and context-aware Trellis, a non-Web hypertext system. It presents information content simultaneously on devices with diverse characteristics without requiring sensor-enhanced environments. The system adapts content elements for optimal presentation on the target device while also striving to retain fidelity with the original form from a human perceptual perspective. MIDAS reconfigures its presentation in response to user actions, availability of devices, and environmental context, such as a user's location or the time of day. I conducted a pilot study that explored human perception of similarity when image attributes such as size and color depth are modified in the process of presenting images on different devices. The results indicated that users tend to prefer scaling of images to color-depth reduction but gray scaling of images is preferable to either modification. Not all images scale equally gracefully; those dominated by natural elements or manmade structures scale exceptionally well. Images that depict recognizable human faces or textual elements should be scaled only to an extent that these features retain their integrity. Attributes of the 12C framework describe aspects of multi-device systems that include infrastructure, presentation, interaction, interface, and security. Based on these criteria, MIDAS is a flexible infrastructure, which lends itself to several content distribution and interaction strategies by separating client- and server-side configuration.