Education represents one of Isabelle de Charriere's favourite topics. In her novels, the author has expressed her concerns on the matter, but her comments refer particularly to women's education. The present study will therefore be dedicated to the gathering of these observations, in order to show the author's position regarding the education of women. Afterwards, it should be possible to see whether Madame de Charriere's ideas may be compared to those of her time. In the case of women, moral education is preponderant, but knowledge is also important. In addition to her pedagogical advice, the writer provides some thoughts on the status of women in general.

No description available.

Inaug.-diss.--Greifswald. / At head of title: Deutsche geschichte. Lebenslauf. "Literatur": p. [6]-7.

Dissertação (mestrado)—Universidade de Brasília, Instituto de Ciências Humanas, Departamento de História, 2008. / Submitted by Jaqueline Ferreira de Souza (jaquefs.braz@gmail.com) on 2009-09-15T17:33:11Z No. of bitstreams: 1 2008_MarceladeACosta.pdf: 549075 bytes, checksum: 6b87bdfbe6e3ae9ade0051d50f214ad7 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Guimaraes Jacqueline(jacqueline.guimaraes@bce.unb.br) on 2010-05-13T14:59:21Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 2008_MarceladeACosta.pdf: 549075 bytes, checksum: 6b87bdfbe6e3ae9ade0051d50f214ad7 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2010-05-13T14:59:21Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 2008_MarceladeACosta.pdf: 549075 bytes, checksum: 6b87bdfbe6e3ae9ade0051d50f214ad7 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2008 / O marquês de Sade é um desses autores que pouca gente leu, mas quase todos têm uma opinião a respeito. Escritor polêmico e controverso, seu nome é associado à libertinagem cruel, na qual o prazer sexual é obtido à custa do sofrimento e humilhação dos outros. Porém, a obra sádica não se resume a mera apologia dessa sexualidade primitiva e visceral. Em seus textos, Sade dialogava com a produção intelectual de seu tempo, tratando de questões que ocupavam também outros escritores, tais como ordem social, natureza humana, liberdade e despotismo. E sobre cada uma dessas questões o marquês mantinha um posicionamento filosoficamente justificado. O objeto principal dessa dissertação é a reconfiguração sádica dos espaços público e privado, ou seja, como essas esferas foram redefinidas em sua obra e quais os papéis que podem, e devem, ser desempenhados em cada uma delas. Para isso, foi analisado o discurso sádico sobre três dualidades que considerei basilares para essa redefinição: natureza e civilização, vício e virtude e liberdade e despotismo. Ao entender como Sade reconfigurou essas esferas e a importância que conferiu a cada uma delas, busca-se ampliar a compreensão sobre a conformação social que estava sendo delineada no período revolucionário. E da qual os Estados ocidentais herdaram a permanente tensão entre os seus interesses e direitos e as garantias individuais de seus cidadãos. __________________________________________________________________________________________ ABSTRACT / The marquis of Sade is one of these authors whom few people read, but almost everyone has an opinion about. Controversial writer, his name is associated with the cruel licentiousness, in which the sexual pleasure is obtained at the expense of the suffering and humiliation of others. However, the sadistic work does not consist only of the mere eulogy of this primitive and visceral sexuality. Through his texts, Sade maintained a dialogue with the intellectual production of his time, dealing with subjects that were also approached by other writers, such as social order, human nature, freedom and despotism. And on each one of these issues the marquis has a philosophically justified position. The main object of this dissertation is the sadistic reconfiguration of the public and private spaces, in other words, how these spaces were re-defined in his work and which roles one can or must play in each one of them. In order to accomplish that, the sadistic speech was analyzed along three axis that were taken as the basis for that redefinition: nature and civilization, vice and virtue, and freedom and despotism. Understanding how Sade has re-shaped the public and private spaces and the importance that he tallied to each one of them might help to understand the social configuration that was outlined in the French revolutionary period, one of the roots of the constant tension between interests of the State and individual rights in the Western World.

This dissertation examines the operation of Hohenzollern government in the distant but crucial territory of East Prussia during the reign of Frederick William I, 1713-40 to determine what impact the establishment of the General Directory in late 1722 and early 1723 had upon day-to-day administration within the Kingdom of East Prussia. Particular attention is given to the role and operation of provincial and local government in East Prussia during the decades before and after the setting up of the General Directory (General-Ober-Finanz-Kriegs-und Domänen-Direktorium). This study is part of a broader historiographical tendency which questions both the extent and success of Hohenzollern state building and calls into question the validity of the traditional view which gives most attention to the positive role of central state structures and considers the establishment of the General Directory as the apex of the much-admired and widely-emulated Prussian administrative system. This study demonstrates that further governmental modifications were needed in the Kingdom before and after the General Directory's successful operation in the Kingdom in the 1720s and 1730s. The territorial and local levels were where the Hohenzollern rulers would find it crucial to establish their absolutist power. One difficulty Frederick William I faced was that a large corps of loyal officials was lacking in the Kingdom which was only partially remedied by the end of his reign. In addition, critical administrative disputes continued and new ones arose between the King's administrative agencies. Moreover, the powerful native elites who lived in the Kingdom retained significant authority at the provincial and local levels and resisted many reform attempts by a king who they saw as foreign. Their enduring importance helps to explain the distinctive manner in which absolutism developed over these decades. As a result, authority in the Kingdom still was less than securely established by the final decade of Frederick William I's reign.

No description available.

Mémoire numérisé par la Direction des bibliothèques de l'Université de Montréal.

Thèse de doctorat : Litt. : Paris E.H.E.S.S. : 1994. / Index.

Estuda-se aqui a escrita do marquês de Sade, sobretudo as três versões de sua personagem virtuosa: Os infortúnios da virtude [Les infortunes de la vertu] (1787), Justine ou as infelicidades da virtude [Justine ou les malheurs de la vertu] (1791) e A Nova Justine ou as infelicidades da virtude [La Nouvelle Justine ou les malheurs de la vertu] (1799). Nelas, investiga-se o modo pelo qual a escrita produz equívocos, campos de ressonância e compossibilidades entre os pares conceituais com os quais trabalha (a saber, virtude/vício; infelicidade/prosperidade; etc). A dramatização dos conceitos e das normas simbólicas que os orientam configura, assim, uma cenografia equívoca, cujo funcionamento consiste em sabotar a univocidade de sentido dos termos que aciona. Essa equivocidade constitutiva da escrita sadiana deixa então em suspenso o próprio posicionamento enunciativo, não se subsumindo à particularização das intenções do Autor e, tampouco a uma determinação unívoca do contexto. Propõe-se, entretanto, singularizar sua indeterminação, ou melhor, a sobredeterminação das torções perspectivas que efetua e os seus equívocos, bem como os reenvios que fabrica e encena em uma rede de enunciações. Para tanto, dramatizam-se aqui dois eixos de análise, nos quais a virtude se faz fundamental: a discussão setecentista sobre a função moralizadora das artes e a política jacobina de Robespierre. Na passagem de uma a outra, é a equivocidade enunciativa de Sade que entrelaça a performatividade do texto literário e a instituição da lei. / This thesis aims to study the writing of Marquis de Sade, especially the three versions of his virtuous character: Les infortunes de la vertu (1787), Justine ou les malheurs de la vertu (1791) and La Nouvelle Justine ou les malheurs de la vertu (1799). In them, the object of inquiry is the way that writing produces equivoques, fields of resonance and compossibilities between conceptual pairs in which it works upon (namely, virtue/vice; infelicity/prosperity, etc). The dramatization of the concepts and symbolic norms that guide them sets an equivocal cenography, whose operation consists in sabotage the univocity of the terms\' meanings that it triggers. This constitutive equivocity of the sadian writing leaves suspended the whole enunciative positioning, not subsuming itself to the particularizations of the author\'s intentions, neither to a univocal determination of the context. However, it is proposed to singularize its indetermination, or better put, the overdetermination of the perspective torsions that it performs and its equivoques, as well as the resends that it fabricates and stages in a network of enunciations. Therefore, this thesis dramatizes two axes of analysis, in which the virtue is fundamental: the discussion in the Eighteenth century about the moralizing function of the arts and Robespierre\'s jacobin politics. In the passage from one to another, it is Sade\'s enunciative equivocity that tangles the literary texts\'s performativity and the institution of the law.

Esta pesquisa apresenta um estudo dos protagonistas do romance Histoire de Juliette, ou Les prospérités du vice (1801) do Marquês de Sade. O objetivo do trabalho é evidenciar a progressão dos enunciados filosóficos dos personagens, dentro das cenas libidinosas nas quais são proferidos, relacionando as teorias e as práticas particulares de cada herói com os traços de seu caráter. Tal abordagem supõe a tese de que há uma interdependência entre os argumentos do libertino e sua construção dentro da narrativa ficcional. Cada devasso expõe um conjunto singular de ideias, determinado por suas características morais, físicas e por outros aspectos que constituem o gênero do romance filosófico. Logo, este estudo não propõe uma interpretação específica para o pensamento de Sade, mas salienta a oposição e a convergência de ideias em sua obra, acentua o debate entre os personagens, expõe, portanto, a diversidade dos discursos libertinos. / This research intends to analyze the protagonists from the novel Histoire de Juliette, ou Les prospérités du vice (1801) by the Marquis de Sade. Our goal is to evidence the development of the philosophical statements of the characters, within the libidinous scenes where they take place, relating the theory and practice of each hero with his/her personality. This approach assumes an interplay between the libertine\'s arguments and their construction in the fictional narrative. Each person presents a unique set of ideas, determined by his/her moral and physical traits, in addition to all the other aspects found in the philosophical novel gender. We, therefore, do not present a specific interpretation for the thinking of Sade, rather, we stress the opposition and convergence of ideas in his work, underlining the debate among the characters to point out the diversity of discourse amidst the libertines.