La tesis que sustento utiliza el método genético relacional para establecer una lectura del concepto de virtud en Rousseau en conexión con otros conceptos fundamentales de este autor a fin de comprender la evolución de dicho concepto de implicancias tanto teóricas como prácticas. El método adoptado permite comprender el proceso de gestación de la modernidad y de sus problemas más importantes desde una perspectiva filosófica teniendo a Rousseau como protagonista intelectual. Desde una perspectiva antropológica, Rousseau insiste en una complementariedad entre sentimientos y razón en la que la virtud cumple un papel fundamental ya que es entendida como la fuerza de voluntad que modera nuestras pasiones en relación con nosotros mismos y con los demás. Se observa, también, que la razón rousseauniana se distingue de la kantiana porque, siguiendo a Locke, en el ginebrino se trata de una razón que posee una finalidad práctica, útil para la mayoría de los seres humanos. El estado de naturaleza responde a las necesidades del ser humano, pero dicho estado requiere, por la condición social del ser humano, complementarse en el estado político, donde el hombre logrará perfeccionar sus capacidades morales en el intercambio con otros hombres. La dimensión moral de virtud en Rousseau, reivindicando formas morales subestimadas, realiza una crítica de la moralidad social de su época interpretando la virtud como una capacidad moral de todos los seres humanos, independientemente de sus peculiaridades. Esta dimensión en conexión con conceptos fundamentales como libertad, igualdad y dignidad permite dar el paso decisivo del mundo racionalista y religioso antiguo al voluntarismo del mundo político moderno. Finalmente, desde una dimensión esencialmente política, el concepto de virtud cívica, como conformidad de la voluntad particular a la voluntad general, permite comprender cómo el concepto de virtud de Rousseau, enraizado en el republicanismo cívico, logró operar la transformación social de un mundo de comunidades fragmentadas con lazos débiles en permanente conflicto del mundo cristiano al mundo político complejo del Estado-Nación moderno con leyes e instituciones políticas que tienen como propósito unir a ciudadanos de identidades culturales diversas en un pluralismo social que privilegia el criterio político-jurídico antes que el moral-religioso. / Tesis

胡麥爾(1778-1837)是一位奧地利鋼琴家、作曲家、教師及指揮家，生前與貝 多芬齊名，被譽爲是當時歐洲最重要的鋼琴作曲家之一。可是近代的學者和聽眾對他的評價甚低，認爲他的音樂作品守舊、媚俗、不能登大雅之堂。 / 本文借鑒胡麥爾創作時期的文化背景，重新評價這位被忽視的音樂家對於開 發十九世紀鋼琴音樂所作出的貢獻。十八世紀後期中產階級的興起令音樂會 不斷增加，鋼琴演奏家不但成爲音樂會中的主要角色，而且他們所演奏的 「流行音樂」對於後世鋼琴技巧及音樂創作的發展，有舉足輕重的影響。 / 胡麥爾的鋼琴作品顯露出嶄新的作曲手法，當中包括較自由的轉調和曲式結 構，以及特別的音形法等，均源自音樂會中常出現的即興演奏，亦即「幻想 曲風格」。胡麥爾在正統器樂體裁的語境中引入幻想曲的技法，展示出流行 曲風格與正統音樂的結合，並開創了混合體裁的先河。其中，幻想曲與奏鳴 曲的混合體裁，對於後世的浪漫派作曲家如簫邦和舒曼等的創作模式尤有啓發。 / Johann Nepomuk Hummel (1778-1837) was an Austrian pianist, composer,teacher, and conductor who was described in his time as one of Europe's greatestpianist-composers. However, his music has been neglected and underestimated inmodem times, and is not considered to have any lasting influence on later compositional developments in the 19th century. / The present study aims to demonstrate that, though identified as a conservative composer, Hummel played an important transitional role in the evolution between Classical and Romantic styles. I argue that the post-classicalpianism that he cultivated presaged many significant stylistic trends of later composers, and that these were stimulated by the rise of public concerts. The demand for virtuosic performances by middle-class concert audiences led pianistcomposers like Hummel to explore new modes of improvisation, which in turn had a profound impact not only on keyboard technique, but also on compositional practice. / A comprehensive study of Hummel's piano music reveals a new compositional practice featuring juxtaposition of different figurations, freedom of modulation, and new formal structures. The fantasy style derived from concert 11 improvisations came to be incorporated in different keyboard genres, resulting in generic mixture. In particular, the hybrid fantasy-sonata foreshadowed the later practice of Schumann and Chopin, and contributed towards the merging of serious and popular styles in Romantic piano music. / Detailed summary in vernacular field only. / Detailed summary in vernacular field only. / Detailed summary in vernacular field only. / Kam, Cheok Weng. / "December 2011." / Thesis (Ph.D.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 2012. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 160-174). / Electronic reproduction. Hong Kong : Chinese University of Hong Kong, [2012] System requirements: Adobe Acrobat Reader. Available via World Wide Web. / Abstract also in Chinese. / List of Figures --- p.vii / List of Music Examples --- p.ix / Chapter Chapter One --- Introduction --- p.1 / Chapter Chapter Two --- Cultural Contexts for Hummel's Post-Classical Keyboard Style / The Rise of Public Concerts --- p.10 / The Development of Piano Music --- p.11 / Technical Innovations in Post-Classical Pianism --- p.12 / The Viennese Piano Style --- p.17 / The English Piano Style --- p.21 / Hummel's Keyboard Writing: Viennese Features --- p.28 / The Influence of the English Style --- p.31 / Legato Touch and the Chopin Style --- p.36 / Technical Innovations --- p.40 / Chapter Chapter Three --- Generic Transformation in Hummel's Piano Sonatas --- p.48 / The Keyboard Sonata in Hummel' s Time --- p.51 / Changing Approaches to Sonata Form --- p.56 / Hummel's Early Piano Sonatas --- p.61 / Sonata in F minor, Op. 20 --- p.67 / Sonata in C major, Op. 38 --- p.77 / Sonata in F-sharp minor, Op. 81 --- p.82 / Sonata in D major, Op. 106 --- p.93 / Chapter Chapter 4 --- The Evolution of Fantasias and Generic Innovations --- p.107 / Improvisation and Fantasy Style in the Eighteenth Century --- p.108 / The Eighteenth-Century Free Fantasia --- p.111 / Changing Conceptions of the Fantasy From C.P.E. Bach to Mozart --- p.118 / Changing Role of Improvisation in Performance Practice --- p.124 / From Harmonic Thinking to Thematic Thinking --- p.129 / Hurnmel's Fantasy Op. 18: The Fantasy-Sonata Hybrid --- p.134 / Chapter Chapter 5 --- Other Types of Generic Mixture Prompted by Fantasy Style --- p.141 / Generic Mixture with Theme and Variations --- p.142 / Caprices --- p.148 / Potpourri --- p.150 / Rondo --- p.152 / Chapter Chapter 6 --- Conclusion --- p.156 / Bibliography --- p.160

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This dissertation investigates the relationship between religion and the state in Enlightenment Europe as articulated by John Locke, Benedict de Spinoza and Jean Jacques Rousseau. I conduct the study focusing mainly on the primary texts of the above-mentioned theorists. Locke and Spinoza conceived of toleration to be the best way in which religion and the secular state could peacefully co-exist, even though they differed considerably in their respective understanding of the concept. Locke conceived of toleration using a moderate theological framework, predominantly paying attention to freedom of worship and the separate spheres of influence for religion and the state. On the other hand, Spinoza was radically secular in his interpretation focusing mainly on the freedom of thought, speech and even the press. Rousseau provided the main alternative to Locke and Spinoza's ideas on toleration. His understanding of the most effective relationship between religion and the state revolved around the implementation of a civil religion. This would be a religion based on civil principles. Rousseau argued that good citizenship, a good lawgiver, patriotism, the doctrine of separation of powers and an elective aristocracy were important for his ideas on civil religion to function effectively. Given the context of Enlightenment Europe, this dissertation concludes that toleration, or more exactly Locke's version of it, now forms the foundation of most Western secular states. This is because it did not digress from the most important aspects of contemporary religious doctrine. / Thesis (M.A.)-University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, 2009.

This paper undertakes to develop an in-depth interpretation of Piranesi's Il Campo Marzio. While drawing heavily from specific details in both the text and images, the study retains a contextual outlook, speculating that Vico's New Science can lend meaning to Piranesi's work. / Based primarily on Vico's concept of the Ideal Eternal History, parallels are drawn between the two works. While this provides the key to entering into Piranesi's work, it reveals only its inner horizon, merely describing in different terms what is already there. / The insights provided by this exercise, however, demonstrate that the making of architecture as promoted by the Campo Marzio is not unlicensed Romantic freedom, but a fundamental, culturally-bound human activity. The paper concludes, moreover, that the making of the Campo Marzio interpretively re-enacts the original imaginative founding of the Eternal City and, as such, constitutes an attempt to re-found Heroic Rome.

The Haydn Trumpet Concerto and the Hummel Trumpet Concerto are two of the most important concertos in the solo trumpet repertoire and the cadenza reflects the performer's personality and technical abilities. There have been numerous recordings of the two concertos and they are consistently used in performance and as a pedagogical tool. This document contains both published cadenzas and transcriptions of recorded cadenzas from the first and last movements of the Haydn Trumpet Concerto and the Hummel Trumpet Concerto.This study begins with an investigation of the concepts and historical information related to the keyed trumpet and classical cadenzas. It includes a discussion of the historical significance of the keyed trumpet, brief biographies of Anton Weidinger, Joseph Haydn and Johann Hummel, and a study of the stylistic traits of cadenzas of other brass instruments from the classical period.Following the introductory five chapters, chapter six contains the compilation of transcribed and published cadenzas. The cadenzas are cross-referenced in a table located at the beginning of the chapter. Each cadenza includes information about the recording and/or publisher from whom the cadenza is available. The cadenzas were transcribed from recordings, transposed for Trumpet in E-flat and entered into Finale 98.This study is meant to be a reference tool that performers and instructors can employ for the study and performance of various cadenzas. The writer hopes that this collection will provide inspiration and will serve as a guide for those who wish to compose a personal cadenza that highlights their own strengths and preferences. / School of Music

Made available in DSpace on 2016-03-07T19:20:58Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2015-03-30. Added 1 bitstream(s) on 2016-03-07T19:24:51Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 000858785.pdf: 42593080 bytes, checksum: d836da8f8c3b2eb651571f2131981e9a (MD5) / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES) / O objetivo da pesquisa é compreender o conceito de Lei Natural e Lei Civil na obra de Rousseau e analisar a possibilidade de uma relação entre estes dois conceitos e formação de uma concepção única de Lei. Porém, constatou-se que existe uma interseção e uma interdependência entre conceitos de Lei Natural e Lei Civil construído dentro de uma linearidade que se inicia no plano hipotético do Segundo Discurso e se concretiza no plano histórico do Contrato Social, mas não há possibilidade de formar um único conceito de Lei. Ou seja, a Lei Natural emerge no estado de natureza e pode ser definida como conjunto de princípios naturais compartilhados entre o homem e a natureza, dentre eles: amor de si, piedade e princípios naturais que distinguem os humanos e dos outros seres, a saber: liberdade e perfectibilidade. Tais princípios impulsionaram o homem, naturalmente solitário e sem noções de moralidade, a perfazer modificações em sua relação com a natureza no sentido de melhorar as condições de sobrevivência e gradativamente intensificar suas interações sociais, situação que, apesar de ter trazido ampliação consciência de si e do outro e o amadurecimento moral, acentuou a progressão da desigualdade que culminou num estado de guerra que é finalizado com o pacto social ou pacto dos ricos. Este institui justiça e o direito, através de uma proposta de uma igualdade jurídica, que pode ser considerada uma expressão de maturação dos cidadãos no que se refere à concepção Lei. Porque esta, que até então, era um conjunto principiológico sem exigibilidade, passa, a partir do estabelecimento do contrato a ter força coercitiva que dará, diferentemente do pacto que é ato primitivo de natureza contratual, movimento e vontade ao corpo político. E nesse movimento legislativo os súditos devem primeiramente, se observar enquanto partícipes da autoridade... / The research is aimed to understand the concept of Natural Law and Civil Law in the work of Rousseau and to examine the possibility of a relationship between these two concepts and the formation of a single conception of Law. However, it was found that there is an intersection and interdependence between the concepts of Natural Law and Civil Law built inside a linearity that begins in the hypothetical plan of the Second Discourse and that is realized on the historical level of the Social Contract, but there is no possibility of forming a single concept of Law. That is, the Natural Law emerges in the state of nature and it can be defined as a set of natural principles shared between man and nature, among them: love of self, compassion and natural principles that distinguish humans and other beings, namely: freedom and perfectibility. Such principles drove the man, naturally lonely and without notions of morality, to make changes in his relationship with nature to improve the living conditions and gradually intensify his social interactions, a situation that, despite having brought expansion of his own conscience and self-awareness the other and moral maturity, highlighted the progression of inequality that culminated in a state of war that ends with the social pact or pact of the rich. It establishes justice and right, through a proposal for a legal equality, which can be considered as an expression of citizen maturation regarding the Law conception. Until then, this was a logical principle set without enforceability and from the establishment of the contract it begins to have coercive force that, unlike the pact that is a primitive act of contractual nature, is going to give movement and will to the political body. And in this legislative movement the subjects should primarily observe themselves as participants in the sovereign authority by the understanding which presupposes their own...

Made available in DSpace on 2014-06-11T19:26:51Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2012-04-18Bitstream added on 2014-06-13T18:48:35Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 oliveira_k_me_arafcl.pdf: 625112 bytes, checksum: 0054b408ed37831ae2374d7cd91181ab (MD5) / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES) / Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP) / En 1782 paraissaient Les Rêveries du promeneur solitaire, de Jean-Jacques Rousseau – qui aurait alors 70 ans s’il n’était pas mort en 1778. L’oeuvre révélait un modèle de personnage littéraire qui n’était pas tout à fait nouveau, mais qui n’avait jamais jusque-là trouvé sa pleine expression : c’est la figure du promeneur, individu sensible, solitaire et (il vaut bien insister) errant. Dans les deux premiers chapitres de cette étude, on analyse de près ce modèle du promeneur rousseauiste, tout comme le contexte du Romantisme français qui lui a fait suite. Au Troisième Chapitre, on démontre que l’errance du promeneur ne se confond pas avec les parcours décrits dans des oeuvres de littérature de voyage, ni avec d’autres formes voisines d’écriture fondées sur le déplacement, caractérisées généralement, les unes comme les autres, par l’existence de quelque but précis que le héros doit accomplir. En outre, le promeneur semble un personnage assez distinct dans le contexte de la prose romantique française. Cette singularité même lui confère son importance et rend ce sujet digne d’une attention particulière. C’est bien l’objectif de cette recherche : connaître la figure du promeneur dans le Romantisme français, saisir les thèmes et les pensées qu’il mobilise, ainsi que le type d’écriture dont il se sert ; enfin, évaluer le retentissement du promeneur rousseauiste dans cette période. Pour cela, quelques auteurs et ouvrages représentatifs sont appréciés au Quatrième Chapitre, ayant en vue l’établissement de rapports comparatifs entre eux et Les rêveries de Rousseau. On trouve dans ce corpus : René (1802), de Chateaubriand ; les Lettres d’un voyageur (1838), de George Sand et les Promenades et souvenirs... (Résumé complet accès életronique cidessous) / Em 1782 era publicada a obra Les Rêveries du promeneur solitaire, de Jean-Jacques Rousseau – ele teria então 70 anos, não fosse sua morte em 1778. As Rêveries traziam um tipo de personagem literário que não era realmente inédito, mas que não havia encontrado ainda a sua plena expressão: trata-se da figura do promeneur (caminhante), indivíduo sensível, solitário e (é conveniente reforçar) errante. Nos dois primeiros capítulos do presente estudo, esse personagem de Rousseau é analisado de perto, assim como o contexto do Romantismo francês, que veio na sequência. Já no Terceiro Capítulo, demonstra-se que a errância do promeneur não se identifica com os percursos descritos nas narrativas de viagem, ou com outras formas de escrita fundadas no deslocamento pelo espaço – caracterizadas normalmente pela existência de algum objetivo específico que o herói teria a cumprir. Por este e outros motivos, o promeneur mostra-se um personagem bem distinto no contexto da prosa romântica francesa; e essa singularidade mesma atesta sua importância, tornando-o digno de uma atenção particular. Tal é o objetivo desta pesquisa, conhecer a figura do promeneur no Romantismo francês, observar quais são os temas e idéias que ele mobiliza, e também a forma literária de que ele se serve; enfim, avaliar a repercussão do promeneur rousseauniano no período em questão. Para isso, no Quarto Capítulo, alguns autores e obras representativos são analisados, com vistas ao estabelecimento de comparações com as Rêveries de Rousseau. Constam nesse corpus: René (1802), de Chateaubriand; Lettres d’un voyageur (1838), de George Sand e Promenades et souvenirs (1854), de Gérard de Nerval. Como principais apoios teóricos e críticos, são utilizados, dentre outros, o estudo de Laurent Turcot, Le Promeneur à Paris au XVIIIe siècle, e os textos reunidos...

Submitted by Daniele Amaral (daniee_ni@hotmail.com) on 2016-09-26T20:33:35Z No. of bitstreams: 1 DissPFJ.pdf: 1221348 bytes, checksum: 0b9ff5d14c45cdedb2409fc1bfde0532 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Marina Freitas (marinapf@ufscar.br) on 2016-10-04T18:30:51Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 DissPFJ.pdf: 1221348 bytes, checksum: 0b9ff5d14c45cdedb2409fc1bfde0532 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Marina Freitas (marinapf@ufscar.br) on 2016-10-04T18:30:58Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 DissPFJ.pdf: 1221348 bytes, checksum: 0b9ff5d14c45cdedb2409fc1bfde0532 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-10-04T18:31:05Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 DissPFJ.pdf: 1221348 bytes, checksum: 0b9ff5d14c45cdedb2409fc1bfde0532 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015-10-07 / Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq) / In the present study the aim is to investigate the role of sexuality in the development of sociability in Jean-Jacques Rousseau. This research works in two contexts. The first comprises the denaturation of man in general and the general formation of societies; in this case, the works that support this reading are: Discourse on the Origin of Inequality, Essay on the Origin of Languages, Social Contract and Fragment of the Climates Influence on the Civilization. The second context comprises the education of the man from nature prepared to live in any kind of society. In this case, the work that supports this reading is Emilio, or On education. In both, first or second context, the socialization process of specie and the development of sociability in the individual can be divided into distinct stages in which sexuality acts, alternately, in the nuances that separate these stages. By their specific character, the sexual need allows a way to understanding the relationship between the instinct and the genesis of passions. In this context, the sexuality operates as a kind of catalyst for social potentialities that places the society in the horizon of man as a possible way of collective survival or as a specific destination of specie. In short, the sexuality is a little studied topic in Rousseau; however, it is a possible interpretation key to understanding how the man, who was not social by nature, found the sociability as a proper element to their nature. / O presente trabalho tem por objetivo investigar o papel da sexualidade no desenvolvimento da sociabilidade em Jean-Jacques Rousseau. Essa pesquisa trabalha em dois contextos. O primeiro compreende a desnaturação do homem em geral e a formação geral das sociedades; nesse caso, as obras que embasam essa leitura são: Discurso sobre a origem da desigualdade, Ensaio sobre a origem das línguas, Contrato social e Fragmento da influência dos climas sobre a civilização. O segundo contexto compreende a educação do homem da natureza preparado para viver em qualquer tipo de sociedade; nesse caso, a obra que embasa essa leitura é Emílio, ou da educação. Tanto no primeiro quanto no segundo contexto, o processo de socialização da espécie e o desenvolvimento da sociabilidade no indivíduo podem ser divididos em etapas distintas em que a sexualidade atua, alternadamente, nas nuanças que separam esses estágios. A necessidade sexual, por sua natureza específica, permite um meio de compreensão da relação entre o instinto e a gênese das paixões. Nesse contexto, a sexualidade opera como uma espécie de catalisador das potencialidades sociais que coloca no horizonte do homem a sociedade como uma maneira possível de sobrevivência coletiva ou como uma destinação específica da espécie. Em suma, a sexualidade é um tema pouco estudado em Rousseau, no entanto, é uma chave de interpretação possível para compreender como o homem, que não era social por natureza, encontrou a sociabilidade como um elemento próprio à sua natureza.

Orientador: Jose Oscar de Almeida Marques / Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Filosofia e Ciencias Humanas / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-08T10:37:44Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Freire_CarloCurvelano_M.pdf: 793382 bytes, checksum: ff29a4faa0e2668d358a2f68cf823fe6 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2007 / Resumo: Os objetivos do presente estudo são, além de apontar na obra de Rousseau princípios de moral e de gosto que podem servir para esclarecer a gênese de seu famoso romance, mostrar que o autor, com sua Nova Heloísa, já antecipava para seus leitores alguns dos princípios de sua pedagogia, compilados sobretudo no Emílio, e demonstrava estar bem avançado no desenvolvimento de alguns dos princípios de sua teoria política, organizados de forma mais exaustiva sobretudo no Contrato Social. / Abstract: The objectives of the present study are, besides pointing in the work of Rousseau principles of moral and taste that may serve to elucidate the genesis of his famous romance, to show that the author, with his La nouvelle Heloise, already anticipated for his readers some of the principles of his pedagogy, compiled above all in the Emile, and has shown himself to be very advanced in the development of some principles of his political theory, organized in a exhaustive way chiefly in the Social Contract. / Mestrado / Historia da Filosofia Moderna / Mestre em Filosofia