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Québec Université Laval, Bibliothèque 2012

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A study of the critical work of Virgil Thomson, critic for the New York Herald Tribune and of Olin Downes, music critic for the New York Times, will perhaps give a better understanding of how different emphasis on purposes may influence critical work. Each man wrote brief, journalistic reviews. They attended many of the same concerts; yet, their critical judgments differed in many respects.

La recherche effectuée pour cette thèse a pour but d’établir que c’est en développant, dans la Dogmatique de 1925, une interprétation christologique de l’histoire, interprétation dont l’objectif était de résoudre théologiquement, mais autrement que Barth, le problème posé par Troeltsch à partir de la critique, par l’histoire des religions, de la prétention du christia-nisme à l’absoluité, que Tillich a posé les fondements de sa réflexion future sur la rencontre du christianisme avec les religions. Dès lors, la réflexion élaborée dans les années soixante, loin de représenter un tournant dans la pensée de Tillich, comme on l’a trop souvent laissé entendre, suite aux déclarations de Mircea Eliade, en constitue plutôt l’un des fruits les plus mûrs, susceptible d’apporter une contribution à la fois originale et non encore entrevue, à la recherche contemporaine en théologie des religions

Québec Université Laval, Bibliothèque 2012

The purpose of this thesis is to show upon what aspects of nature Emily Dickinson's poems touch, to what extent and in what manner she uses nature terms in expressing her philosophy of life, what ideas she expresses through these terms, and finally what her own philosophy of nature is.

Historically, women have not been "speaking subjects" but "spoken objects" in Western culture--the ground on which male-dominated constructions have been erected. In literature, women have been conventionally held as the silent and silenced other. Lyric poetry especially has idealized not only the entrenched figures of masculine subject/feminine object, but poetry itself as the site of prophecy, vision, Truth. Most dramatically in lyric poetry then, the issue of women as subjects has been collapsed into Woman as object, that figure who has been the sacrifice necessary for the production of lyric "song" and the consolidation of the unified masculine voice. It has thus been difficult for women poets to take up the position of speaking subject, most particularly because of women's problematic relationship to Woman. Recent feminist theorists have explored female subjectivity, how women put into hegemonic discourse "a possible operation of the feminine." This dissertation analyzes that possibility in poetry as exemplified in the works of Emily Dickinson, Marianne Moore, and H.D. I contend that these paradigmatic American poets constitute speaking subjects in their poetry that both figure Woman conventionally and reconfigure it, i.e. subvert the stability of those representations, thereby disturbing our view. I argue that this double identification produces, in effect, a divided or split subjectivity that is enabling for the female speaker. As an alternative to the traditionally specularized figure of Woman then, such a position opens up distinctly counter-hegemonic spaces in which to constitute the female subject, rendering problematic readerly consumption of the image of Woman as a totality. I explore the attempts to represent women's difference differently--the tenuous accession to, rejection of, or play with the lyric "I" in these poets' works. Dickinson, Moore, and H.D. reconfigure Woman and inscribe female speakers as grammatically and rhetorically, but not necessarily visually, present, thereby frustrating patriarchal economies of mastery and possession.

A presente tese de doutorado, intitulada Cartas provincianas: correspondência entre Gilberto Freyre e Manuel Bandeira, é composta pela edição fidedigna da correspondência de Gilberto Freyre (1900-1987) e Manuel Bandeira (1886-1968), acompanhada pela edição de alguns textos esparsos da obra de ambos. Como complemento, a tese traz estudo que pretende não só apresentar aspectos do diálogo, num sentido amplo, entre Freyre e Bandeira, mas também estender a discussão para leituras que ambos fazem acerca do processo modernizador em curso no país na primeira metade do século XX. Pretende-se, desse modo, facultar material inédito criteriosamente editado, assim como desenvolver uma reflexão sobre o debate intelectual e artístico em cena no Modernismo brasileiro. / Cartas provincianas: correspondência entre Gilberto Freyre e Manuel Bandeira is a doctoral thesis whose main elements are an edition of the correspondence between Gilberto Freyre (1900-1987) and Manuel Bandeira (1886-1968) and a selection and edition of some texts of both writers. As a complement this work presents a study that aims not only to bring some aspects of the dialogue (in a broadly sense) between Freyre and Bandeira, but also to extend this discussion to their readings of the Brazilian modernization process in the first half of the twentieth century. Thus, the objective of this dissertation is to expose unpublished material, carefully edited, as well as to study the intellectual and artistic debates in the Brazilian modernist arena.

L’objectif de cette thèse est de montrer que le mouvement constitue le principe fondateur de la démarche intellectuelle et poétique d’Emily Dickinson (1830-1886). Mis au service d’une pensée qui ne cessa de se remettre en question et de combattre les certitudes et les schémas (culturels, religieux…) établis, le mouvement se révèle être une arme de déstabilisation et de déconstruction critique visant à discréditer tous les systèmes de pensée et de croyances jugés autoritaires et « dogmatiques », au sens fort où l’entendaient les sceptiques anciens, avec lesquels Dickinson présente d’évidentes affinités. Mais le mouvement apparaît également comme un principe vital et un agent de construction dans les poèmes : il permet d’élaborer, par voie de réécritures subversives et de détournements subtils, une approche du monde, de la connaissance et de la foi, qui vise aussi bien à légitimer la puissance de la pensée et de l’expérience individuelles qu’à rendre compte de ce que l’incertitude, l’instabilité et le changement sont l’essence même de la pensée et de la vie. Située au croisement de la poétique, de l’épistémologie et de l’approche dite « culturelle », cette thèse se propose d’examiner les formes du mouvement présentes dans l’œuvre de Dickinson en les mettant en regard d’une scène nationale elle-même mouvementée, placée sous le signe de la rupture, de la crise et du doute, mais également portée par un élan de libération et de renouveau qui vit l’émergence de nouvelles forces (politiques, économiques, sociales, culturelles) qui entendaient valoriser et défendre la liberté et l’épanouissement individuels. / The aim of this thesis is to demonstrate that the fundamental poetic and intellectual principle in the work of Emily Dickinson (1830-1886) is movement. In the service of an intellect that constantly questioned and challenged the established religious and cultural frameworks, movement firstly reveals itself to be a weapon of destabilisation and critical deconstruction : indeed, it aims to discredit and overturn systems of thought and beliefs deemed authoritarian and dogmatic, the latter in the strong sense as understood by the ancient sceptics, with whom Dickinson had obvious affinities. Movement however also appears as a vital principle and a constructive agent within her work : through subversive rewritings and subtle deviations, it enables the elaboration of an approach to the world, knowledge and faith, which seeks as much to legitimise the power of individual experience and reflection, as to acknowledge that uncertainty, instability and change are the very essence of thought and of life. At the intersection of poetics, epistemology and cultural studies, this thesis thus examines the forms of movement present in Dickinson’s work, by considering them alongside a turbulent national context, itself characterized by rupture, crisis and doubt, but equally impelled by a momentum towards liberation and renewal, which saw the emergence of new forces (political, economic, social, cultural) valorising and defending the freedom and flourishing of the individual.